Coal Mining-Methods

Mining Methods

Coal is mined by two main methods surface or opencast mining and underground mining. The choice of method is largely determined by the geology of the coal deposit; the majority of the world's coal reserves are recoverable by underground mining.

The method used is determined by the depth of coal deposit and the overburden over it. In other words ratio of coal and overburden, decides the method. Underground Mining is to reach the deposit by inclined or vertical entries and without removing the overburden rock.

mined out by various methods.

Mining Methods..

UNDER GROUND MINING

Bord & Pillar (conventional hand section) Bord & Pillar (Semi-mechanised) Blasting Gallery method for thick seams Long wall Mining

OPEN CAST MINING

Shovel and Dumper Combination Draglines In-pit Crusher-Conveyor systems Surface Miner

Mining Methods..
Shaft Mine Incline Mine

Incline

Excavator

Adit Mine

Opencast Mine

PICTURE SHOWING AN INCLINE ENTRY INTO A SEAM

ENTRY THROUGH A SHAFT

A TYPICAL SHAFT MINE LAYOUT

BORD & PILLAR LAYOUT

DRILLING OPERATION IN THE COAL FACE

MANUAL COAL FILLING

LOAD HAUL DUMPER IN BLASTING GALLERY METHOD

MECHANIZED DRIVAGE MACHINES

SHEARER WORKING AT LONGWALL FACE

POWERED ROOF SUPPORT AT LONGWALL FACE

TYPICAL OPEN CAST MINE

BLASTING IN OPEN CAST BENCHES

ROPE SHOVEL AND DUMPER

HYDRAULIC SHOVEL AND DUMPER

OPENCAST MINE WITH DRAGLINE

OPENCAST MINE WITH DRAGLINE

OPENCAST WITH IN-PIT CRUSHER CONVEYOR TECHNOLOGY

OPENCAST WITH SURFACE MINER

ROLE OF SCCL AND POLICY ISSUES.

COAL MINING IN INDIA

Commercial coal mining in India started in 1774 by M/s Sumner and Heatly of East India Company in the Raniganj Coalfield along the Western bank of river Damodar. On introduction of steam locomotives in 1853 production rose to an annual average of 1 million tonne.

COAL MINING IN INDIA

National Coal Development Corporation (NCDC) was set up in 1956. It was the first major step towards planned development of Indian Coal Industry. Singareni Collieries Company Ltd. (SCCL) is in operation since 1889. Coking coal mines were nationalized in 197172. Non-coking coal mines were nationalized in 1973.

NUMBER OF COAL MINES IN INDIA (2003-04)

CIL SCCL TISCO IISCO DVC BSMDC J&K Minerals Bengal Emta Jindal Strips Total

475 67 07 03 01 01 03 01 01 559

Source: MoC Website

ABOUT SCCL

Godavari Valley Coalfields stretch over an area of 350 Sq. Kms.

Mines are located in Adilabad, Karimnagar, Warangal and Khammam Districts of Andhra Pradesh.

ANDHRA PRADESH

COAL BELTS OF GODAVARI VALLEY COAL FIELD

ORIGINS

1870: Dr. William King discovered coal in Singareni village

(Khammam Dt.)

1889: Hyderabad (Deccan) co. incorporated in England and stocks were traded in London Stock Exchange. Coal mining started.

ORIGINS

1920:

Coal mining operations transferred to the new company and renamed as

The Singareni Collieries Company Limited.

1945:

1960:

Nizam of Hyderabad took over, thus Singareni became first Government managed coal company. Govt. of India participated with 49% equity.

RICH HERITAGE
Mile Stones.

1948:

1951: 1953: 1954:

Machine Mining ( Joy loader and shuttle cars). Electric coal drills. Electric cap lamps Flameproof electric equipment

Mile Stones.

1975: 1979: 1981:

1983:

Opencast mining Side Discharge Loaders Load Haul Dumpers and Road Headers Longwall mining

Mile Stones.

1986: 1989: 1994: 2002: 2003:

Walking Dragline French Blasting Gallery method In-pit crushing and conveying Man-riding system in conventional mines Phasing out Manual Coal filling launched.

OWNERSHIP

SCCL is the oldest PSU in the country in coal sector. Only Coal Company in Joint Sector with equity participation by A.P. State Government, Government of India 51% Equity is held by GoAP 49% Equity is held by GOI The Company is governed by a Plan-wise Tripartite Agreement between the GoAP, GoI and SCCL

SCCLs Mission.

Excel in competitive environment. Optimise utilisation of resources. Conservation of natural resource of coal. Customer delight. Being model employer. Emphasis on protection of environment.

Thank you