PAPER PRESENTATION ON CARBON FOOTPRINTING IN INDUSTRIES.

CALCULATING CARBON FOOTPRINTS

Because there is no universally accepted way of calculating someone's carbon footprint, dozens of carbon calculators have sprung up on the Internet in the past few years creating confusion and inaccurate information. In addition, accepted frameworks for tracking industry carbon emissions rely on "tiers'' of increasingly broad scope. TIER 1

TIER 2
TIER 3

CARBON FOOTPRINT BY AN INDIVIDUAL

Figure BELOW shows how an average individual's carbon footprint can be broken down into several categories. Often carbon calculators include figures for emissions due to industry

Carbon emissions by manufacturing industries

Energy-Related Carbon Emissions in Manufacturing: Manufacturing, which accounts for about 80 percent of industrial energy consumption, also accounts for about 80 percent of industrial energy-related carbon emissions. (Agriculture, mining, forestry, and fisheries account for the remaining 20 percent.) In 1994, three industries, petroleum, chemicals, and primary metals, emitted almost 60 percent of the energy-related carbon in manufacturing. The next three largest emitters (paper, food, and the stone, glass, and clay products industry) produced an additional 22 percent of the energy-related manufacturing emissions (Figure 1).

Figure 1 Energy-Related Carbon Emissions for Manufacturing Industries, 1994

Rank

Amount In thousand metric tonnes of carbon dioxide

#1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7 #8 #9 # 10

United States: China: Russia: Japan: India: Germany: United Kingdom: Canada: Italy: Mexico:

5,762,050 3,473,600 1,540,360 1,224,740 1,007,980 837,425 558,225 521,404 446,596 385,075

LOREAL CASE STUDY

MAJOR GLOBAL BRANDS:25 LIKE GARNIER,MAYBELLINE AND THE BODY SHOP. UNITS PRODUCED:4.7 BILLIONS LOCATION: Spread over the EU, NORTH AND SOUTH AMERICA AND ASIA , and sells products in 130 countries. CO2 EMISSION:5 MILLION TONNES ANNUALLY.

Much of this is down to the use phase of the products.

DEADLINE GIVEN TO CUT EMISSION OF CO2:2015

KEEPING IN STEP TO CUT EMMISION

Environmental protection agency :

By midyear 2012, refineries and fossil-fuel-fired electric utilities will be required to begin lowering their greenhouse gas emissions under a recent court settlement reached by the Environmental Protection Agency and several states and environmental groups. Under the settlement, EPA will use Clean Air Act regulations to propose emissions standards for power plants in July 2011 and for refineries in December 2011 and to issue final regulations in May and November 2012, respectively.

KEEPING IN STEP TO CUT EMMISION

Planting

trees: Tree planting has been shown to be a viable way to offset carbon emissions.
Kyoto

protocol: The US, all EU countries, China, as well as major emerging economies such as Brazil, Indonesia and India have pledged to cut their greenhouse gas emissions.
U.S

and CHINA join hands to cut emission Corporations and NGOs in China and the US team up to carve clean-energy route in climate of cooperation. Li Xing traveled to six US cities to find out more. As a result various consultancies have sprung up to advice industries and individuals to keep track of their carbon emissions.

KYOTO PROTOCOL

Participation in the Kyoto Protocol, as of June 2009, Green = Countries that have signed and ratified the treaty Grey = Countries that have not yet decided Red = No intention to ratify at this stage.

CONCLUSION

Overview map Of States Committed to a CO2 reduction in the 2008-2012 Kyoto Protocol period. Green countries = Committed to reduction Yellow countries = Committed to 0% reduction Red countries = Not committed to any reduction