Congress of Vienna

Europe Before 1814

Napoleon conquered most part of Europe
in early 1810’s.
Some enemies, included Austria, Russia
and Prussia, were forced to become his
allies.
Only Britain ,Ottoman Empire and some
small states remained independent.
 Congress of Vienna
Representatives of various states met in
Vienna, to settle the problems left by the
Napoleonic War.
Important States:
Russia, Austria, Britain, Prussia, France
 Problems should be settled
To establish status quo before the war
To divide the disputed territories left by
Napoleon
To insure French aggression in the future
To maintain the peace of Europe through
an alliance system
To suppress revolutionary activities
 Guiding principles
To prevent French aggression in the future
To maintain peace
To achieve balance of power
To uphold the principle of legitimacy
To compensate state with territorial loss
according to the above principles
Agreements at the Congress
The Second Treaty of Paris
France had to pay a ₤40 million indemnity
Territories settlement
Russia- Grand Duchy of Warsaw and Finland
Prussia- Part of Poland, Sweden and
Rhine Provinces
Austria- North Italy and territorial at Adriatic Coast
Britain- Mainly Overseas territories
Sweden took Norway from Denmark
Agreements at the Congress
Restoration of former rulers
A German Confederation was formed by
39 German States included Austria
Formation of Quadruple Alliance
 The Quadruple Alliance
Included :
Austria, Russia, Prussia and Britain
The four powers agreed:
4. To uphold, by military force , the
territorial settlement for 20 years
5. To meet at fixed intervals to discuss
European affairs
 The Quadruple Alliance
The Alliance tried to establish permanent
co-operation among the European Powers
Austria and Russia wanted to make use of
the Alliance to suppress Nationalism and
Liberalism, which was disagreed by the
British
The Alliance fated out after 1820’s
 How the settlement affected
Europe
Italy was under Austrian influence
The German states were bound by the
German Confederation under Austria
Holland and Belgium formed the Kingdom
of Netherlands