Chapter 2

Industrial Revolution
and Nationalism
 Definitions
Industrial Revolution: A period in Europe
when products began to be made in
factories.
Textile: Cloth product
Imperialism: The control by one country of
the political and economic life of another
country or region.
Nationalism: Pride in one’s country.
Alliance: An agreement to protect another
country
 Industrial Revolution
Changes Life In Europe
 Inventors created machines that could make
goods quickly and cheaply.
 Machines were housed in factories.
 People left their homes to go to work in the
factories.
 Changes in production
-first machines were invented to speed up the
spinning of thread and the weaving of textiles.
-By 1900 factories produced almost all goods
made in the US and most of W. Europe.
 Industrial Revolution
Changes Life In Europe
 Change in Society
- families moved from farms to industrial centers.
- Cities grew rapidly (housing packed/cramped---
disease)
- Factory owners took advantage of workers (poor
wages and horrible working conditions).
 Change in Government
- People gained more of a voice in government
(workers important to economy).
- Governments became more Democratic
- Became more aggressive abroad…..took over
colonies
-imperialism(needed buyers for goods)
-colonies produced raw materials
 Wednesday Riddle

 What always ends everything?

 The letter “g”

Constructive Nationalism VS
Destructive Nationalism

 Nationalism allows people to take

pride in their nation.

 It
can make one nation harm
another in an effort to get ahead
-this caused both WWI and WWII
 Nationalism Leads to WWI
 1900s people were filled with nationalism.
 Nationalism and the Industrial Revolution fueled a
European drive to build overseas empires.
 The scramble for colonies brought European
countries into conflict.
 Nationalism and colonial rivalries led European
nations to increase military spending. (armies and
navies)
 As tensions grew, nations sought allies that would
come to their aid in case there was a war.
-Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy formed the Triple
Alliance
-France, Russia and Britain formed the Triple Entente
 Nationalism Leads to WWI
 June 1914 Archduke Francis
Ferdinand, heir to the throne
of Austria-Hungary was
assassinated in Sarajevo by
a Bosnian nationalist.
• Austrians accused Serbia
• Germany stood by its ally
Austria-Hungary
• Russia defended Serbia
• Germany declared war on
Russia and France and
Britain joined within days.
 Nationalism Leads to WWI
 War lasted 4 years
 All of the Major European powers and many
regions beyond Europe got involved.
 Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman
Empire (Central Powers)
 Britain, France and Russia (Allied Powers)
-Eventually, more than 20 nations, including Italy
and the US, joined the Allies
 Large numbers of lives lost (trench warfare)
 Allies Victorious. Imposed harsh terms on
the Germans in the Treaty of Versailles
 Wednesday Riddle

 How does a king open a door?

 He uses a Monar-chy
 World War II
 Nationalism still burned like a flame in 1939
 Germany experienced much turmoil after
WWI
 Adolf Hitler gained control of the Nazi party in
the early 1920s.
 Blamed Jews for Germany’s defeat in WWI
and economic problems.
 Promoted racism by claiming that Germans
belonged to a superior race destined to rule
the world.
 Nazi party controlled every aspect of German
life and waged a violent campaign against
Jews.
 World War II
 Hitler violated the Treaty of Versailles by annexing
Austria.
 German invasion of Poland in September 1939
triggered WWII (Axis Vs. Allies)
 Germany, Italy and Japan were the major Axis
powers
 Britain, France, Soviet Union, United States, China
and 45 other nations comprised the Allies.
 1941 bombing of Pearl Harbor brought the US into
the war.
 Jews were taken and put into concentration camps
where they were executed throughout the war. About
6 million lost their lives.
 World War II
 On June 6, 1944 (D-Day) the Allies
pushed into Germany. Hitler committed
suicide rather than face defeat.
 Most destructive war in history.
 The war reduced Western Europe’s
impact on world affairs. Two new
superpowers appeared……US and
Soviet Union
 Wednesday Riddle

 What is everyone in the world doing at

the same time?

 Growing older
Here endeth the lesson!