Power Plant Instrumentation

MEASUREMENT DONE IN POWER PLANT

Process measurements : Pressure, Temperature, Flow and Level. Analytical measurements (SWAS) : pH, Conductivity, Silica, Hydrazine and Dissolved Oxygen.

 Condition monitoring measurements for rotating equipment : Vibration, speed, bearing temperatures, eccentricity, axial shift, displacement. Emission monitoring (CEMS): CO, SOx, NOx Environmental measurements : Wind velocity, Ambient temperature, Humidity, Rainfall etc.

MEASUREMENT PARAMETER
Indication of the parameter can be either LOCAL or REMOTE LOCAL means indication of the parameter at the field by a dial type gauge, liquid level gauge or flow glass. REMOTE means that the primary signal is converted to an electrical analog signal and transmitted to the control room for indication / control.

WHAT IS CONTROL SYSTEM?

CONTROL SYSTEM
A control system is a device or set of devices to manage, command, direct or regulate the behavior of other devices or systems. There are two common classes of control systems, with many variations and combinations: logic or sequential control and feedback or linear controls. There is also fuzzy logic, which attempts to combine some of the design simplicity of logic with the utility of linear control.

Why DCS?
High Reliability Improved Response Time Improved Interface to plant Improved accessibility of plant data to engineering and management personnel. Historical Storage and Retrieval System Safe operation of Plant Lowest Cost of Generation Longest Equipment Life Minimum Environmental Effect Maximum Efficiency Energy Conversation

DISTRIBUTED CONTROL SYSTEM

DCS refers to a control system usually of a , process or any kind of dynamic system, in which the controller elements are not central in location (like the brain) but are distributed throughout the system with each component sub-system controlled by one or more controllers.

DCS IN POWER PLANT

The control system is responsible for controlling action of all the measurement. In power plant this DCS (Distributed Control System ) plays the role of this control system. All interlocking, monitoring and annunciation operations are performed in DCS.

Discrete (PLC)

Discrete (PLC)

Discrete (Custom)

Continuous (DCS)

Discrete (PLC)

Discrete (PLC)

Discrete (PLC)

DISTRIBUTED CONTROL SYSTEM

DCS HARDWARE
Controller card Input Cards (4-20 m A) Thermocouple, RTD, SOE Output Cards(4-20 m A, Digital) Power Supply Module Communication Card Cables Controller with I/O card

DIFFERENT CONTROL SYSTEM IN POWER PLANT

PLCs for sequential control

DCS systems for process control

Motion controllers for motion control

Drive systems for drives control

CONTROL ROOM IN POWER PLANT

OPERATOR WORK STATION

Alarm Monitoring Mimic Or Graphic Display Trend Display Operator Guidance Display System and Diagnostic Display Control Bar Chart Sequence Display Fault Analysis Display