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1. The document provides guidelines for performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for adult victims of cardiac arrest or respiratory failure. It details the steps of CPR, including checking the scene and victim for safety, calling for help, giving 30 chest compressions followed by 2 rescue breaths, and repeating in a cycle until emergency help arrives or the victim revives.
2. Effective CPR is emphasized as a critical link in the chain of survival that can double a victim's chances of survival when performed immediately after cardiac arrest. Chest compressions are to be given at a rate of 100 per minute and depth of at least 2 inches to circulate oxygenated blood to the brain and vital organs.
1. The document provides guidelines for performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for adult victims of cardiac arrest or respiratory failure. It details the steps of CPR, including checking the scene and victim for safety, calling for help, giving 30 chest compressions followed by 2 rescue breaths, and repeating in a cycle until emergency help arrives or the victim revives.
2. Effective CPR is emphasized as a critical link in the chain of survival that can double a victim's chances of survival when performed immediately after cardiac arrest. Chest compressions are to be given at a rate of 100 per minute and depth of at least 2 inches to circulate oxygenated blood to the brain and vital organs.
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1. The document provides guidelines for performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for adult victims of cardiac arrest or respiratory failure. It details the steps of CPR, including checking the scene and victim for safety, calling for help, giving 30 chest compressions followed by 2 rescue breaths, and repeating in a cycle until emergency help arrives or the victim revives.
2. Effective CPR is emphasized as a critical link in the chain of survival that can double a victim's chances of survival when performed immediately after cardiac arrest. Chest compressions are to be given at a rate of 100 per minute and depth of at least 2 inches to circulate oxygenated blood to the brain and vital organs.
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Formati disponibili
Scarica in formato PPT, PDF, TXT o leggi online su Scribd
Adult Basic Life Support for the Health Care Worker PhiIippine Heart Association, Inc. CounciI on Cardio PuImonary Resuscitation PhiIippine Heart Association, Inc. CounciI on Cardio PuImonary Resuscitation A Full Member of the A Full Member of the The Asian Representative of The Asian Representative of ased on the New 2010 6PR Cu|de||nes of the AhA and |L60R 11ective CPR done immediateIy a1ter cardiac arrest can doubIe a victim's chance o1 survivaI. 11ective CPR done immediateIy a1ter cardiac arrest can doubIe a victim's chance o1 survivaI. What is C P R ? CPR = Cardio- Pulmonary Resuscitation 'he NEW Chain of Survival 'he NEW Chain of Survival arIy access: arIy access: immediate recognition and activation immediate recognition and activation arIy CPR arIy CPR arIy de1ibriIIation arIy de1ibriIIation arIy advanced care arIy advanced care Integrated post Integrated post- - cardiac arrest care cardiac arrest care A A weII weII- -in1ormed Iay person in1ormed Iay person - - key in the earIy access key in the earIy access Iink. Iink. Recognition o1 signs o1 Recognition o1 signs o1 heart attack and heart attack and respiratory 1aiIure respiratory 1aiIure CaII 1or heIp immediateIy i1 CaII 1or heIp immediateIy i1 needed needed Activate the mergency Activate the mergency MedicaI System MedicaI System 'he First Link 'he First Link Early Access Early Access EARLY WARN!NC S!CNS OF EARLY WARN!NC S!CNS OF RESP!RA'ORY FA!LURE RESP!RA'ORY FA!LURE unabIe to speak, unabIe to speak, breath or cough breath or cough cIutches neck cIutches neck (universaI (universaI distress signaI) distress signaI) bIuish coIor o1 bIuish coIor o1 skin and Iips skin and Iips i1e saving technique i1e saving technique 1or cardiac & respiratory 1or cardiac & respiratory arrest arrest Chest compressions Chest compressions +/ +/- - Rescue breathing Rescue breathing ay persons and ay persons and medicaI personneI medicaI personneI Second Link Second Link Early CPR Early CPR Why is early CPR important? CPR is the best treatment for cardiac arrest until the arrival of ACLS care. prevents VF 1rom deteriorating to asystoIe may increase the chance o1 de1ibriIIation It signi1icantIy improves survivaI. Brain Brain (Cerebral) (Cerebral) Heart Heart (Cardiac (Cardiac Lungs Lungs (Pulmonary) (Pulmonary) How does CPR work? A|| lre ||v|rg ce||s ol our A|| lre ||v|rg ce||s ol our oody reed a sleady oody reed a sleady supp|y ol oxyger lo supp|y ol oxyger lo |eep us a||ve. |eep us a||ve. 0ur|rg CPR, you car orealre a|r |rlo 0ur|rg CPR, you car orealre a|r |rlo lre v|cl|r's |urgs lo prov|de oxyger lre v|cl|r's |urgs lo prov|de oxyger |rlo lre o|ood. |rlo lre o|ood. wrer you press or lre cresl, you rove wrer you press or lre cresl, you rove oxyger oxyger -- carry|rg o|ood lrrougr lre carry|rg o|ood lrrougr lre oody. oody. When will you do CPR? When will you do CPR? AS SOON AS POSSIB AS SOON AS POSSIB rain cells begin to die after rain cells begin to die after 4 4- -6 minutes 6 minutes without oxygen. without oxygen. ho may Iearn about CPR? CPR is an easy and life saving procedure and can be learned by anyone. One does not need to be a doctor to learn how to do CPR. 'HE 'ECHN!QUE AND S'EPS 'HE 'ECHN!QUE AND S'EPS !N CPR !N CPR YOU W%SS A YOU W%SS A CARDAC ARRS% CARDAC ARRS% CHCK CHCK ARA ARA SA%Y. SA%Y. Survey Survey the scene. the scene. See See if the scene is safe to do CPR. if the scene is safe to do CPR. Get an idea of what happened. Get an idea of what happened. CHCK CHCK URSPOS'SS. URSPOS'SS. %ap or gently shake %ap or gently shake the victim the victim Rescuer shouts Rescuer shouts 'Are you OK?" 'Are you OK?" Quick check for normal breathing Quick check for normal breathing f the victim is unconscious, f the victim is unconscious, rescuer rescuer calls for help calls for help.. CALL OR CALL OR HLP: HLP: Ambulance, Ambulance, mergency Services, mergency Services, Doctor Doctor Rescuer Rescuer AC%'A%S AC%'A%S the the RGCY DCAL RGCY DCAL SR'CS SR'CS.. Get Get AD/Defibrillator AD/Defibrillator! ! NON-RSPONSIV, NO NORMA BRATHING PULSE CHECK PULSE CHECK Palpate for Carotid Pulse Palpate for Carotid Pulse within 10 seconds within 10 seconds (at the same time (at the same time CHECK FOR CHECK FOR BREATHNG) BREATHNG) For trained heaIthcare For trained heaIthcare providers onIy providers onIy o Mouth to Mouth o Mouth to Mouth Breathing Breathing Give one breath every Give one breath every 5 5- -6 6 secs secs (about 12 (about 12 breaths/min) breaths/min) Recheck pulse every 2 Recheck pulse every 2 minutes minutes !f with !f with definite pulse definite pulse but no breathing but no breathing MOUTH TO MOUTH BRATHING and PUS CHCK eemphasized in the new guidelines For trained healthcare providers only As short and quick as possible Pulse check not more than 10 seconds f unsure, proceed directly to CHEST COMPRESSONS! C C -- A A -- B B C. COMPRSSION Do chest C. COMPRSSION Do chest compressions 1irst compressions 1irst A. A. AIRAY AIRAY Does the victim have an Does the victim have an open airway (air passage open airway (air passage that aIIows the victim to that aIIows the victim to breathe)? breathe)? B. BRATHING B. BRATHING Is the victim breathing? Is the victim breathing? A1ter A1ter determining unconsciousness determining unconsciousness, , A1ter determining unconsciousness A1ter determining unconsciousness and caIIing 1or heIp, and caIIing 1or heIp, proceed immediateIy to do proceed immediateIy to do C CHES' HES' C CONPRESS!ONS! ONPRESS!ONS! C C -- C CONPRESS!ON ONPRESS!ON (to assist (to assist C C!RCULA'!ON) !RCULA'!ON) Chest Compressions Chest Compressions KneeI 1acing KneeI 1acing victim's chest victim's chest PIace the heeI o1 your hand on the center o1 the victim's chest. Put your other hand on top o1 the 1irst with your 1ingers interIaced. PIace the heeI o1 one hand on the sternum in the center o1 the chest between the nippIes and then pIace the heeI o1 the second hand on top o1 the 1irst so that the hands are overIapped and paraIIeI. Chest Compressions Chest Compressions Cive Chest Compressions at 100 per minute Cive Chest Compressions at 100 per minute Compress breastbone at Ieast Compress breastbone at Ieast 2 inches deep 2 inches deep Compress at a rate o1 Compress at a rate o1 100 per minute or more 100 per minute or more Compress 30 times initiaIIy Compress 30 times initiaIIy AIIow AIIow the chest to return to its normaI position Cive 30 Compressions Cive 30 Compressions Compress breastbone at least Compress breastbone at least 2 2 inches inches (30 compressions should take 1S (30 compressions should take 1S18 18 sec) sec) Count aloud Count aloud "1, 2, 3, 4, "1, 2, 3, 4, 5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,1 5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,1 8,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29, 8,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29, and ONE! and ONE! Minimize interruptions Minimize interruptions Allow recoil after each compression Allow recoil after each compression A A A!RWAY A!RWAY Open the Airway: Open the Airway: Use the head tiIt/chin Use the head tiIt/chin Ii1t method Ii1t method #lace one hand on #lace one hand on the victim's forehead the victim's forehead #lace fingers of other #lace fingers of other hand under the bony hand under the bony part of lower jaw part of lower jaw near chin near chin Tilt head and lift jaw Tilt head and lift jaw avoid closing avoid closing victim's mouth victim's mouth Head 'ilt Chin Lift Naneuver This maneuver prevents airway obstruction by the epiglottis. B B BREA'H!NC BREA'H!NC Give 2 one Give 2 one- -second second breaths breaths Maintain airway Maintain airway Pinch nose shut Pinch nose shut Open your mouth Open your mouth wide, take a normal wide, take a normal breath, and make a breath, and make a tight seal around tight seal around outside of victim's outside of victim's mouth mouth Give 2 full breaths Give 2 full breaths (1 sec/ breath) (1 sec/ breath) Observe chest rise & Observe chest rise & fall; listen & feel for fall; listen & feel for escaping air escaping air PUS CHCK RCHCK PUS VRY 2 MINUTS equivalent to 5 cycles CPR) Very brie1 puIse check - shouId take Iess than 10 seconds (at the same time check 1or normaI breathing) In case there is any doubt about the presence or absence o1 puIse, CONTINU CHST COMPRSSIONS For trained heaIthcare providers onIy UNTI UNTI HELP ARRVES. HELP ARRVES. (Emergency Services, Ambulance, octor, (Emergency Services, Ambulance, octor, AD AD) ) PERSON S REVVE. PERSON S REVVE. !f the victim is breathing !f the victim is breathing The unresponsive victim with spontaneous The unresponsive victim with spontaneous respirations should be placed in the recovery respirations should be placed in the recovery position position if no cervical trauma if no cervical trauma is suspected. is suspected. Placement in this position consists of rolling the Placement in this position consists of rolling the victim onto his or her side victim onto his or her side to help protect the to help protect the airway. airway. Maintain open airway & position the victim Maintain open airway & position the victim TH RCOVRY POSITION TH RCOVRY POSITION Maneuvers AduIts ChiIdren RCOGNITION UNRSPONSIV No breathing, not breathing normaIIy (eg. onIy gasping) No breathing or onIy gasping CPR Sequence CAB CAB Compression Rate At Ieast 100/min Compression Depth At Ieast 2 inches (5 cm) At Ieast 1/3 AP depth; About 2 inches Chest waII RecoiI AIIow compIete recoiI between compressions HCPs rotate compressors every 2 minutes Compression interruptions Minimize interruptions in chest compressions Attempt to Iimit interruptions to Iess than 10 seconds Airway Head tiIt chin Ii1t (HCP suspected trauma: jaw thrust) Compression-VentiIation ratio 30 : 2 (one or 2 rescuers) 30:2(singIe rescuer); 15:2(2 rescuer) 30:2(singIe rescuer); 15:2(2 rescuer) VentiIations: when rescuer untrained or trained and not proficient Compressions onIy Compressions onIy VentiIations with advanced airway (HCP) 1 breath every 6-8 seconds (8-10 breaths/min) Asynchronous with chest compressions About 1 second per breath VisibIe chest rise DFIBRIATION ( AD ) Attach and use AE as soon as available. Minimize interruptions in chest compressions before and after shock, resume CPR beginning with compressions immediately after each shock Summary o1 Key BS Components 1or AduIts and ChiIdren MMORIZ TH STPS Survey the scene. Check responsiveness hey hey are you ok? Call for help! Activate EMS [Quick check pulse within 10 secs] C Chest Compressions: 30 x; 100/min; 2 inches deep; push hard and fast A - Airway: head tilt chin lift B Breathing: 2 breaths (1 second/breath) Chest compressions 30 x Continue cycles 30:2 compression-ventilation [Quick check pulse every 2 mins] Until: EMS arrives (AE, doctor, ambulance) Patient has signs of life NOT TRAIND DO NOT KNO MOUTH TO MOUTH VNTIATION NOT SUR ABOUT MOUTH TO MOUTH VNTIATION HSITANT TO DO MOUTH TO MOUTH VNTIATION DO NOT ANT TO DO MOUTH TO MOUTH VNTIATION Compression-onIy bystander CPR Hands OnIy CPR Hands OnIy CPR shouId onIy be used 1or aduIt victims who have suddenIy coIIapsed or become unresponsive. Recommendations: AII victims o1 cardiac arrest shouId receive high-quaIity chest compressions hen an aduIt suddenIy coIIapses, aII bystanders shouId activate their community MS and provide high-quaIity chest compressions, minimizing interruptions (CIass I). Hands OnIy CPR Recommendations: f not trained in CPR, provide hands-only CPR (Class a) until AE arrives EMS providers take over care of the victim f trained in CPR, provide either conventional CPR using a 30:2 compression-to-ventilation ratio (Class a) or handsonly CPR (Class a) Hands OnIy CPR Key Changes in the New GuideIines CAB instead of ABC Compress first No more Look Listen and Feel Harder! At least 2 inches compression (old: 1 to 2 inches) Faster! At least 100/min compression (old: up to 100/min) eemphasize pulse checks For trained healthcare providers not more than 10 secs Check for normal breathing together with check for unresponsiveness Hands only CPR for the untrained lay rescuer Important Points There are no mistakes when you per1orm CPR. The onIy harm is to deIay responding. Start chest compressions now viewed as the most e11ective procedure AII victims in cardiac arrest need chest compressions. Don't stop pushing. Keep pushing as long as you can. Push until the AE is in place and ready to analyze the heart. When it is time to do mouth to mouth, do it quick and get right back on the chest. 80-90% o1 cardiac emergencies occur at home. Training is now simpIer and more accessibIe Reduced number of steps and simplified process Being trained to do CPR can save a Being trained to do CPR can save a Ioved one. Ioved one. 11ective CPR done immediateIy a1ter 11ective CPR done immediateIy a1ter cardiac arrest can doubIe a victim's cardiac arrest can doubIe a victim's chance o1 survivaI. chance o1 survivaI. Being trained to do CPR can save a Being trained to do CPR can save a Ioved one. Ioved one. 11ective CPR done immediateIy a1ter 11ective CPR done immediateIy a1ter cardiac arrest can doubIe a victim's cardiac arrest can doubIe a victim's chance o1 survivaI. chance o1 survivaI. LEARN CPR TODAY| LEARN CPR TODAY| INQUIRE FROM THE PHILIPPINE HEART ASSOCIATION INQUIRE FROM THE PHILIPPINE HEART ASSOCIATION|| www,phiIheurt,org www,phiIheurt,org f you want know more about Sudden Cardiac Arrest and CardioPulmonary Resuscitation, contact the Philippine Heart Association Council on CPR PHA Heart House Suite 1108, 11th Flr. East Tower, PSE Centre Exchange Road, Ortigas Center, Pasig City Philippines Tel. +63 2 470-5525; +63 2 687-7797 www.philheart.org
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