The The The The

principle of respect for autonomy principle of nonmaleficence principle of beneficence principle of justice

Respect for Autonomy - Patient has the capacity to act intentionally, with understanding, and without controlling influences that would mitigate against a free and voluntary act. Principle of Justice - is a form of fairness - aristotle , this implys the fair distribution of goods in society and requires that we look at the role of entitlement.

I. II. III. IV.

To each person an equal share To each person according to need To each person according to effort To each person according to contribution

V. VI.

To each person according to merit To each person according to free market exchanges

 Requires of us that we not intentionally create

a needless harm or injury to the patient, either through acts of commission or omission. negligence

The legal criteria for determining negligence are as follows: 1. The professional must have a duty to the affected party 2. The professional must breach that duty 3. The affected party must experience a harm; and 4. The harm must be caused by the breach of duty.

Is the duty of health care

providers to be of a benefit to

the patient, as well as to take

positive steps to prevent and to

remove harm from the patient.

Ok Lets proceed..

Functions of Informed Consent

Protective and Participative

Rights of a Patient

Is designed to protect patients in either a medical or psychiatric situation

Components of Informed Consent - the patient must be entirely capable of giving their
consent. - proper disclosure of any side effects - issues that may arise during the procedure - patient must be able to comprehend the disclosure

Four major elements of informed consent:

1.

Competence refers to a patients capacity for decision making one is considered competent when (a) one has made a decision, (b) one has the capacity to justify ones choice, ( C ) one does not only justify ones choice but does so in reasonable manner.

2.

Disclosure is the part of the consent vital for health care providers. Typically, they will provide a patient with a form that completely details any complications, side effects or problems that may result during or after a procedure. - are often quite long and some patients may find them difficult to comprehend. Comprehension refers to whether the information given has been understood. Voluntariness means that consent must be voluntary

3.

4.

Patients Rights Because informed consent was designed with the pts rights and well being in mind, it is vital that patients understand informed consent.

Refusing Treatment any patient has the right to refuse treatment under the terms of informed consent. If they thoroughly read the disclosure and refuse to give their consent, this must be recorded by the health care provider and kept in the pts records.

Means the moral and inviolable power vested in him as a person to do, hold, or demand something as his own. Types of Patients Rights: - Right to Informed Consent - Right to Informed Decision - Right to Informed Choice - Right to Refusal of Treatment

Limitation of a Patients Rights:

1.

Patients rights do not include the right to be allowed to die A patient in a moribund condition does not possess the necessary mental or emotional stability to make an informed choice. Patients rights are not absolute.

2.

3.

In emergency cases, the following types of patients need not require informed consent:

1. 2. 3.

4.

Comatose or obtunded patients. Blind or illiterate patients. Underage patients or those unable to understand the circumstances . Language-barrier patients.

The twelve rights of patients as they are documented in the American Hospital Association (AHA)s Statement on a Patients Bill of rights. 1. The patient has the right to considerate and respectful care. 2. The patient has the right to obtain from his physician complete current information concerning his diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis in terms the patient can be reasonably expected to understand. 3. The patient has the right to receive from his physician information necessary to give informed consent prior to the start of any procedure or treatment.

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7.

The patient has the right to refuse treatment to the extent permitted by law and to be informed of the medical consequences of his action. The patient has the right to every consideration of his privacy concerning his own medical care program. The patient has the right to expect that all communications and records pertaining to his care should be treated as confidential. The patient has the right to expect that, within its capacity, the hospital must provide a reasonable response to his/her request for services.

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10.

11.

The pt has the right to obtain information regarding any relationship of his hospital to other health care and educational institutions in so far as his care is concerned. The pt has the right to be advised if the hospital proposes to engage in or perform human experimentation affecting his or her care or treatment. The pt has the right to expect reasonable continuity of care. The pt has the right to examine and receive an explanation of the hospital bill, regardless of source of payment.

12. The pt has the right to know what hospital rules and regulation apply to his or her conduct as a patient.

Thank you for listening.. ;)