Personality

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Presented by: Sandeep Kumar

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Meaning
The sum total of ways in which an individual

reacts and interacts with others.

The collection of factors that make up an

individuals personality affects how the person adjust to different environment.

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Definition
Personality is the dynamic organization within the individual of those psychophysical systems that determine his unique adjustment to his environment.

Gordon Allport

Personality is the outcome of a series of psychology crisis.

Erickson
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Determinants of personality
Biological factors: These factors
mainly include physical structure, mental and other inherited traits.

Family and other social

and environmental factors:

Family and other primary social groups such as friendship groups, community,etc. have a significant impact on personality development.
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Determinants of personality
Cultural factors: Culture may be
defined as the sum total of knowledge ,beliefs ,values ,traditions, customs ,habits and moral values acquired by the people from society.

Situational

variable:Situational factors demand

that the individual should behave and use his traits of personality and make necessary modifications in it accordingly.
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Personality Theories

Trait Theory The Big Five Model Theory

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Trait Theory
This theory states that in order to understand individuals, we must breakdown behavior patterns into a series of observable traits. In this theory researchers gives us 16 traits . These 16 traits have been found to be generally steady and constant sources of behavior, by allowing prediction of an individuals behavior in specific situations by weighing the characteristics for their situational relevance.
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Sixteen personality traits 1. Reserved vs Outgoing 2. Less intelligent vs More intelligent 3. Affected by vs feelings Emotionally stable 4. Submissive vs Dominant 5. Expedient vs Conscientious 6. Serious vs happy-golucky 7.Timid vs Venturesome 16. relaxed vs Tense 8. Tough minded vs Sensitive 4/28/12 9. Trusting vs

The Big Five Model Theory

In this researchers give five basic dimensions which shows significant variation in human personality.

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The big five factors are : Extraversion: A personality Agreeableness:

dimension describing someone who is sociable,gregarious and assertive. Personality dimension that describes someone who is good-natured,cooperative and trusting.

Conscientiousness:Personalit
y dimension that describes someone who is responsible,dependable,persistent and 4/28/12 organized.

Emotional stability: A
personality dimension that characterizes someone as calm, self confident, secure(positive) versus nervous, depressed and insecure(negative).

Openness to experience: A
personality dimension that characterizes someone in terms of imagination, sensitivity and curiosity.
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Major personality attributes influencing OB

Locus of control: The degree to

which people believe they are masters of their own fate.

Machiavellianism: Degree to
which an individuals pragmatic, maintains emotional distance and believes that end can justify means. 4/28/12

Major personality attributes influencingIndividuals degree of Self-esteem: OB

liking or disliking themselves .

Self-monitoring : A personality
trait that measures an individuals ability to adjust his or her behavior to external, situational factors.
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Major personality attributes influencing OB : Aggressive Type A personality

involvement in a chronic, incessant struggle to achieve more and more in less and less time and if necessary, against the opposing efforts of other things or other people.

Type B personality: They are

rarely harried by the desire to obtain a wildly increasing number of things or participate in an endless growing series of events in an ever-decreasing amount of time.

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Major personality attributes influencing OB taking: People differ in their Risk

willingness to take chances .this propensity to assume or avoid risk has been shown to have an impact on how long it takes managers to make a decision and how much information they require before making their choice.

Proactive personality: People

who identify opportunities, show initiative, take action and preserve until meaningful change occurs.
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Hollands typology of personality and congruent occupation Type Personality Congruent

characteristics occupations Realistic: prefer Shy, Mechanic, drill physical activities genuine,persisten press operator, that require skill, t,stable, assembly-line strength and Conforming,practi worker, farmer coordination cal Investigative: prefer activities that involve thinking, 4/28/12 organizing and Analytical,original Biologist,economi ,curious,independ st,mathematician, ent news reporter

Hollands typology of personality and Type Personality Congruent congruent occupation

characreristics occupations Conventional: Conforming,efficieAccountant, prefers rulent,practical,unima corporate regulated,orderly ginative,inflexible manager, bank and unambiguous teller, file clerk activities

Enterprising: ambitous,energetiLawyer, real state prefer verbal c,domineering,sel agent, public activities in which f-confident relation specialist, there are small business 4/28/12 opportunities to manager

References
Organizational Behaviour-Stephen P. Robbins

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Thank you

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