PV/EV = Solar Power + Electric Vehicles

PROJECT GUIDE

SUBMITTED BY

Fossil fuel costs

Extracting, transporting, refining and burning oil has bad consequences for human health and the environment.

Explosion at a BP oil refinery in Texas killed at least 14 people and injured more than 100.

Honda EV +

High cost, but big demand:

Pricey leases: $350-450/month, 3-years. Low gas prices at the time. Yet all models were snapped up. State money went to automakers:

Millions in research & development funds $9,000 per lease rebate

PV + EV

Annual true-up billing: summer offsets winter. Time-of-use metering: charge at 5 cents/kWh, sell at 30 cents/kWh. Never buy gas.
www.sfeva.org

PV/EV How much?

Off-peak charging:

1 or 2 cents/mile to power EV, vs. 13 cents/mile for gasoline (at $2.50 gallon) 2-3 panels (185 W ea.) to zero-out cost, or 12-16 panels to balance energy generation

Panels needed to charge RAV4-EV:

2003: Mandate eviscerated

Limited fossil fuels

Oil is not forever. Demand is increasing everywhere. We dont have domestic reserves to meet our current, excessive demand.

www.sfeva.org

National security risks

U.S. oil dependency poses a continual threat to our national security. ...this dependence on foreign oil is a matter of national security. To put it bluntly, sometimes we rely on energy sources from countries that dont particularly like us. -- Pres. George W. Bush, 2002

Wars for oil

Increasing political intrigue and military conflict over oil as supplies dwindle, demand keeps growing.

There are more important uses for oil than cars.

1. Aviation 2. Petrochemicals 3. Maritime shipping 4. Defense Choose: A heart valve for your great-greatgrandson, or a drive to the store in a Hummer today?
www.sfeva.org

 U.S.

imports 55% of its

oil.

Cars & trucks use more than 2/3 of all petroleum in U.S. and 1/3 of all energy. Emissions from cars & trucks cause 75% of smog in the Bay Area.
(Bay Area Air Quality Management Board)
www.sfeva.org

SOLUTION TO ALL THESE PROBLEMS

SOLAR
POWERWED
CAR

How it work?

Components

Solar Array Power Trackers Batteries Motor & Controller What Will Happen if There is No Sunlight

Type of solar cells

Solar cells are usually made from silicon, the same material used for transistors and integrated circuits. The silicon is treated or "doped" so that when light strikes it electrons are released, so generating an electric current. There are three basic types of solar cell. Mono crystalline cells are cut from a silicon ingot grown from a single large crystal of silicon whilst polycrystalline cells are cut from an ingot made up of many smaller crystals. The third type is the amorphous or thin-film solar cell.

Amorphous Solar Cells

Amorphous technology is most often seen in small solar panels, such as those in calculators or garden lamps, although amorphous panels are increasingly used in larger applications. They are made by depositing a thin film of silicon onto a sheet of another material such as steel. The panel is formed as one piece and the individual cells are not as visible as in other types.The efficiency of amorphous solar panels is not as high as those made from individual solar cells, although this has improved over recent years to the point where they can be seen as a practical alternative to panels made with crystalline cells. Their great advantage lies in their relatively low cost per Watt of power generated. This can be offset, however, by their lower power density; more panels are needed for the same power output and therefore more space is taken up.

Crystalline Solar Cells

Crystalline solar cells are wired in series to produce solar panels. As each cell produces a voltage of between 0.5 and 0.6 Volts, 36 cells are needed to produce an open-circuit voltage of about 20 Volts. This is sufficient to charge a 12 Volt battery under most conditions. Although the theoretical efficiency of mono crystalline cells is slightly higher than that of polycrystalline cells, there is little practical difference in performance. Crystalline cells generally have a longer lifetime than the amorphous variety.

Solar Array

Collect the energy from the sun and converts it into usable electrical energy.

How solar array change sunlight to usable energy

First thing the solar array collect sunlight together. When sunlight is collected together. It immediately change the sunlight to electricity. Next step is to the power tracker.

Power Trackers

Power trackers convert the solar array voltage to the system voltage.

Power tracker role

In this step the power tracker in the car receive the energy from the solar array, and change the energy that it receive to energy that the car can be use After it convert energy, it send the energy to the battery.

Batteries

The batteries store energy from the power tracker and makes them available for the motor's use.

Use of battery

After the power tracker convert the energy to the energy that is usable for the car, it send to the battery then the battery store the energy. This energy is send to the motor and controller to make the car run.

Motor & Controller

The motor controller adjusts the amount of energy that flows to the motor to correspond to the throttle. The motor uses that energy to drive the wheels

How Solar-Power Car runs

When the energy is send from the battery to the motor, the motor adjust the amount of energy that flows to the throttle. The motors use the energy that receive to run the wheel. This is the process how solar car runs

Solar Car brake

Kinds of break: Friction brake is a type of automotive that restore heat in the rotating part (drum brake or disc brake) brake during the application and then release it in the air. Drum brake if you press with your leg the brake is connected to the wheel that is spinning. Disc brake this one brake all the wheels together and make the car slow down or stop at that moment

Hand brake

In cars hand brake can also help you when you park your car in shopping mall to not let someone move your. Another way to call hand brake is emergency brake ebrake, park brake, slide stick, or parking brake.

What Will Happen if There is No Sunlight?

If there is no sunlight, the emergency batteries will be used. Example in the situation that there was a large cloud cover the sky, this emergency batteries will be used.

SOLAR CELL BASED SERVICE CAR

Of those urban drivers 50% :

Travel an average of 3.3 miles (or less) per trip Travel a total of 11 miles (or less) per day Drive at or under 25 mph

SOLAR CELL BASED SERVICE CAR

Advantages and disadvantages

Power Type Advantages Disadvantages

Solar electric power system

Low maintenance, clean, no fuel Relatively high initial cost and low output needed, easy to install, reliable in cloudy weather long life, unattended operation, low recurrent cost, system is modular and can be matched to need
Moderate capital cost, can be portable, extensive experience available, easy to install Needs maintenance and replacement, maintenance often inadequate, fuel often expensive, noisy, dirty, site visits are necessary

Diesel or gas power system

Wind power system

Potentially long lasting and works well in windy areas

High maintenance, costly to repair, difficult to find parts, seasonal disadvantages, need special instillation tools, labor intensive, requires wind to work.

Thank you

Thank you