Yani N.

Salivio
TCP Summer 2011

THE STRUCTURE OF THE PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT

Outline
Introduction

The Three Main Branches

The Legislative Branch

The Executive Branch

The Judiciary

Introduction
Constitution: Article III, Section 1
The Philippines is a democratic and republican state. As a republican state, sovereignty resides in the People and all government authority emanates from them.

Introduction
Representative Democracy
a form of government in which the representatives are elected by the people to exercise political power for them.

Republican Government
sovereignty (power or control) resides in the people all government authority come from the people people delegated (handed-over/entrusted) the basic state authority to the government

The Three Main Branches

refer to the:
LEGISLATIVE Branch EXECUTIVE Branch JUDICIAL Branch or the JUDICIARY

also known as the three grand departments

the basic state authority is entrusted are supreme in their own spheres

The Legislative Branch

is vested with the legislative (law-making) power:
make laws
amend existing laws to suit them to changing conditions

repeal old laws that are no longer useful to the nation.

The Legislative Branch

through LAWS, they:
define the rights and duties of citizens impose taxes appropriate funds define crimes and provide for their punishment create and abolish government offices

regulate human conduct and the use of property

promote the common good.

The Legislative Branch

the legislators (law-makers) are popularly known as CONGRESSMEN
CONGRESSMEN refer to: The Senators The Representatives
(District and Sectoral)

The Legislative Branch

Officials: Twenty-four (24) Senators
elected at large (nationwide)

Two Hundred and Fifty (250) Representatives

elected from legislative districts (provinces, cities and the Metropolitan Manila area) elected through a party-list system (sectoral parties or organizations)

The Legislative Branch

Terms of Office: Twenty-four (24) Senators - six (6) years Two Hundred and Fifty (250) Representatives - three (3) years

The Executive Branch

is vested with the executive power:
power to administer or implement the laws
- this means carrying the laws into practical operation and enforcing their due observance - or seeing to it that the laws are efficiently and effectively carried out and faithfully observed for the common good

The Executive Branch

is headed by the PRESIDENT (also called the Chief Executive) The President:
has the duty of supervising the enforcement of laws for the maintenance of general peace and public order

has control over the executive department, bureaus and offices

The Executive Branch

The President:
is the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines has the power to grant executive clemencies (pardon, amnesty, reprieve and commutation)

The Executive Branch

Officials: The President
elected at large (nationwide)

The Vice President

elected at large (nationwide)

The Cabinet Members

- appointed by the President

The Heads of Bureaus and Administrative Agencies

- appointed by the President

The Executive Branch

Who are the Members of the Cabinet?
o The Executive Secretary o The Department Secretaries
Department of Education (DepEd) Department of Health (DOH) Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG) Department of Justice (DOJ)

o Presidential Legal Counsel

The Executive Branch

o Presidential Spokesman o Presidential Management Staff Chief o Presidential Adviser on Peace Process

Examples of Bureaus:
o Bureau of Fire and Protection o Bureau of Food and Drugs o National Bureau of Investigation (NBI)

The Executive Branch

Examples of Administrative Agencies:
o National Housing Authority o National Statistics Office (NSO) o National Labor Relations Commission (NLRC)

The Executive Branch

Terms of Office:
POSITION President Vice President Cabinet members Bureau/Admin Agency Heads NO. OF YEARS Six (6) Six (6) as provided by law as provided by law

The Judiciary
is vested with the judicial power:
power to interpret and apply the laws
- this means applying the laws to decide cases that are brought to the courts - or applying the law to solve contest or disputes concerning the rights or duties between the state and private persons, or between individual litigants

The Judiciary
has the moderating power to determine the proper exercise of powers by the executive and the legislative branches

The Judiciary
Composition: Supreme Court
- 1 Chief Justice and 14 Associate Justices

Court of Appeals - 69 Justices Regional Trial Court

- 720 Judges

Metropolitan Circuit Trial Court

Municipal Trial Court

The Judiciary
Justices/Judges continue to:
hold office during good behavior until they reach the age of seventy (70) years or have become incapacitated to discharge the duties of their office.

Thank You!!!