Class Paper Proposal

Presented by: Class GCN 6930 Transportation System Analysis Professor: Dr. Stevanovic Semester: Fall 2011 September 27th, 2011
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Agenda
Potential

Title Motivation Goals and Objectives Operation Research Techniques Methodology

Working

Similar

Works Organization of the Paper Potential Journal Submissions Work Plan Timeline Obstacles

Scholarly

Potential Working Titles

Optimizing

Green Transport within an Urban Network Logistics Planning: Minimization of Greenhouse Gasses through Utilization of Operations Research Minimization of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Logistics Planning

Motivation
Call

for papers from 2008 in the Journal of the Operational Research Society General interest in green technology and transportation issues Need for Operations Research in logistical planning

Quick Facts

Out of 1.62 billion tons of truck emissions in Europe, roughly one quarter are caused by trucks running empty often due to legal requirements Companies rated best-in-class in terms of environmental, social and governance practices outperform low-sustainability companies by up to 8% U.S. transportation sector accounts for 27% of the GHG emissions of the entire U.S. economy and 30% of the worlds transportation GHG emissions

Goals and Objectives

To develop a model that can be used for logistics planning that minimizes cost of transport as well as emissions of greenhouse gases from transporting vehicles To test this model with an urban case study using a road network and different inputs and constraints

i.e., vehicle types, cost of transport, type of goods being delivered, traffic conditions, time of day

Possible Operation Research Techniques

Logistics

Traffic assignment, vehicle routing

Mathematical

modeling (development)

Linear, non-linear, deterministic, probabilistic, static and dynamic

Mathematical

optimization

LINDO, LINGO, CPLEX, GA, and/or Heuristics

Possible Operation Research Techniques

Probability

and statistics

Data acquisition and application

Network

modeling and graph theory forecasting

Project network, critical paths Travel time reliability, and for emissions projections

Transportation

Methodology

Pick a transportation service

Develop a set of inputs that will have an impact on the model

Small Business: courier service, paper delivery, catering service, etc. Large Scale: Freight industry Types of pollutants, type of product, travel conditions, etc.
Car, bicycle, truck, combinations

Obtain data from a chosen case study area and modes of transport

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Methodology

Possible Basic Parameters:

Alternative routes Available vehicles (fleet size) Type of vehicles (different types of gas emissions - pollutants) Capacity of vehicles or maximum load weight Maximum travel time Location of origin point Location of distribution points Time windows or existence of time limitations (e.g if someone must be served first)

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Methodology

Formulate and test mathematical model for minimizing pollutants with a minimal impact on cost of travel and travel time

Apply vehicle routing problem Identify 5 best routes with min. travel time Apply exact formula

Test and retest with data from case study area Choose a formulation for the minimization model

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Similar Scholarly Works

Minimizing Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Intermodal Freight Transport: an Application to Rail Service Design

Joanna Bauer, Tolga Bektas, Teodor Crainic. Published 2009: Interuniversity Research Centre on Enterprise Networks, Logistics and Transportation Develops a model to be used in intermodal freight transport by incorporating environmentrelated costs into freight transport and planning

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Similar Scholarly Works

EPA Optimization Model for Reducing Emissions of Greenhouse Gases from Automobiles

Assessment and Standards Division, Office of Transportation and Air Quality: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Published 2009: US Environmental Protection Agency Develops an accounting model that minimizes the cost of meeting a specified CO2 for various numbers of specific vehicles

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Similar Scholarly Works

Delivering Tomorrows Toward Sustainable Logistics: How Business Innovation and Green Demand Drive a Carbon-Efficient Industry

Jan Mller, et al Published: Deutsche Post AG, Germany (DHL affiliate) Ellaborates on the need for sustanable development and proposed business strategies and tactics to reduce greenhouse gas emmissions

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Similar Scholarly Works

Supply

Chain Decarbonization: The role of logistics and transport in reducing supply chain carbon emissions

Sean Doherty, Seb Hoyle, et. al Published 2009: World Economic Forum Discusses energy use in logistics, proposes new logistics techniques for transport providers, shippers and buyers and policy makers

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Similar Scholarly Works

Reducing

Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation

David Greene and Steven Plotkin Prepared for Pew Center on Global Climate Change Examines the prospects for substantially reducing GHG emissions from transportation sector

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Additional Scholarly Works

Reducing

Transport Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Trends & Data

Published: 2010 International Transport Forum

Destination

Sustainability: Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Freight Transportation in North America

Published 2011 by the Communications Department of the CEC secretariat

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Organization of Paper

Introduction (talk about need and justification for this type of research) Problem Statement

Literature Review (similar studies/ models) Methodology

Minimizing Emissions (define problem) How to Estimate Emissions

Linear Programming Formulation

Case Study Implementation Results Conclusions

Objectives function, constraints

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Possible Journals

Institute of Transportation Engineers Journal

ASCE: Journal of Transportation Engineering

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Possible Journals

ASCE: Journal of Environmental Engineering

Environmental Engineering Science

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Possible Journals

International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering

Canadian Operational Research Society

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Possible Journals

Journal of the Operational Research Society of India

INFORMS

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Work Plan

Project Manager: Lexi Literature Review: Everyone Paper Formatting and Assembly: Benazir PowerPoint Assembly: Lexi Methodology Development: Dusan and Ioannis Operation research techniques and application: Reza and Mary Completion of methodology: to be defined and tasks split

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Project Timeline
Introduction Literature review Final Methodology Results Project Presentation

1st week Oct

3rd week Oct

1st week Nov 3rd week Nov

Nov-Dec

December

Methodology

Final results Extra runs and verifications

Finalize Paper

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Timeline

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Obstacles
Many

existing papers propose operational changes, not mathematical models Limited knowledge of formulating mathematical models Obtaining useful data Time for completion Individual responsibility

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Solving Euclidean travelling salesman problems with excel solver

Objective: To find the cheapest and shortest way for visiting finite number of cities for given infinite no of cities along with the cost and distance of travel between each pair of them.
So, the mathematical formulation of the problem will be the integer linear programming problem for optimization of cost and distance between cities.

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Methodology
Creating

an excel spreadsheet Create from/ to table and tour sequence Calculation of line-in and line out of each city Formation of sub-tour constraints Defining the distance of the tour

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Greenhouse gas emission from a typical passenger vehicle

There are six key steps to estimate the annual greenhouse gas emission associated with passenger vehicle: 1. Determination of CO2 produced per gallon of gasoline 2. Estimating the fuel economy of passenger cars and light trucks 3. Determining the number of miles driven 4. Determining the emission of greenhouse gases other than CO2. 5. Estimating the relative percentage of passenger cars and light trucks 6. Calculation of resulting annual greenhouse gases from a typical passenger vehicle