It is an oscillator whose frequency is controlled by a binary number written to an internal register.

ANSWER: Numerically controlled oscillator

It is a colloquial term used to describe additional side frequency produced by overmodulation or distortion in an AM system

ANSWER: Splatter

A signal consisting of two audio frequencies not harmonically related, used to test single sideband transmitters

ANSWER: Two tone test

These are now being used to sign important documents that are sent electronically

ANSWER: Digital signature

Cable-television systems reduce losses by moving UHF signals to the VHF range. They use frequencies

ANSWER: between channel 6 and 7 and above channel 13

It is a low-level signal in a telephone receiver deriving from the transmitter in the same instrument. It assures the user that the system is working

ANSWER: sidetone

Why is a Smith chart circular?

ANSWER: Because it is a convenient way to represent the fact that impedances on a transmission line repeat every one-half wavelength

What characteristic of solitons makes them interesting for long-distance fiber optic transmission?

ANSWER: Solitons can propagate for very long distance without dispersion

What would be the most important advantage of converting the entire telephone system, including local loop, to the fiber optics?

ANSWER: Fiber would allow almost unlimited bandwidth, enabling one cable to carry all needed information services to the home

What feature of SONET allows data stream with different clock to be synchronized? ANSWER: The payload pointer allows synchronization by indicating the start of a data frame

The use of Solitons and heterodyne reception may allow fiber optics to operate with much higher data rates and over longer distances without repeaters than any other system now in use.

Why can AM radio stations often be received at distances beyond the horizon?

ANSWER: Ground waves follow the curvature of the earth and ground wave can propagation is possible at AM broadcasting frequencies.

Why is antenna height important for line-of-sight propagation? ANSWER: Greater antenna height increases the distance to the radio horizon

What is the main advantage of fiber optics in LANs compared to twisted pair wiring?
ANSWER: Fiber allows for much longer distances between nodes that can be used with twisted pairs.

What is downtilt and why is it often used for cellular base stations? ANSWER: Downtilt involves shifting an antenna pattern so that the major lobe is at an angle below the horizontal. It can be used to reduce the range of a base station to reduce interference.

What radio system was developed to provide high speed packet data access for the GSM channels ANSWER: GPRS

The most ambitious of the proposed LEO systems.

ANSWER: Teledesic System

Why are soft handoffs not possible with the GSM and TDMA systems?
ANSWER: Because these systems use different frequency channels in adjacent cells so it is not possible to communicate through more than one call site at a time

Why are geostationary satellites unsatisfactory for communication from regions near the poles of the earth?

ANSWER: The angle of elevation to the satellite is too low to be practical in these regions.

It is a receiver in which that signal is amplified at its original frequency before demodulation

ANSWER: TRF (Tuned-radioreceiver)

The pulses in the vertical blanking interval of a video that create interlaced scan. ANSWER: Equalizing pulses

What connector is popular in attaching test instruments like oscilloscopes, frequency counters, spectrum analyzers, etc?

ANSWER: BNC

In a klystron, it is a cavity that removes some of the energy from the electron beam and transfers it in the form of microwave energy output.

ANSWER: Catcher

What connector is popular in attaching test instruments like oscilloscopes, frequency counters, spectrum analyzers, etc?

ANSWER: BNC

It is the velocity modulation of a electron beam

ANSWER: Bunching

What is IMT2000 Stands for?

ANSWER: IMT stands for International Mobile Telecommunications, and 2000 refers both to the approximate implementation date and to the fact that the proposed system will operate at about 2000 MHz

IMT2000 Maximum data rate for mobile user in high speed vehicles is

ANSWER: 144kb/s

IMT2000 Maximum data rate for mobile user in for pedestrian or perhaps slow moving vehicles is

ANSWER: 384kbps

IMT2000 Maximum data rate for stationary user is

ANSWER: 2Mbps

It is the only way to achieved a wider aspect ratio with the current systems is to use fewer active scan lines

ANSWER: Letterboxing

MPEG-2 compression begins by reducing the number of bits required to transmit a reference frame. This is done using an algorithm called

ANSWER: Discrete cosine transformation (DCT)

What video standard deals with low data rate video such as are often found in CD-ROMs, and on the internet? ANSWER: MPEG1

The standard for terrestrial digital television transmission is called:

ANSWER: 8-VSB

It is a special cable that consist of two parallel wires with a grounded shield around them. It is sometimes used for gigabit Ethernet.

ANSWER: Twinax cable

Ethernet system that uses a special thick Ethernet.

ANSWER: A standard classical

Another problem with Baudot is that an error that is interpreted as a FIGS character can cause all the following information to be interpreted as numerical until the next LTRS character occurs. To reduce this problem, most modern system use technique called

ANSWER: unshift-on-space (USOS)

Each block of data is preceded by an eight-bit pattern called a flag, which signals the start of a frame. In SDLC and HDLC the flag consists of the bit sequence

ANSWER: 01111110

The IBM token-ring network uses twisted-pair wiring and can operate at either __________.

ANSWER: 4 Mb/s or 16 MB/s.

The IBM token-ring network could support how many nodes with special data grade shielded twistedpair wiring?

ANSWER: 260 nodes or 72 nodes using telephone twistedpair wiring

Method of data compression by encoding the length of string of ones or zeros instead of transmitting all the one or zero bits individually.

ANSWER: Run-length coding

Lossless compression scheme generally looks for redundancies in the data for instance the string of zeros can be replaced with a code that tells the receivers the length of the string. What do you call this technique?

ANSWER: Run-length coding

Encryption of data is important to ensure its privacy. It is most commonly achieved by using a public-key encryption to transfer a key to be used in __________.

ANSWER: a symmetrical private key

It is the deviation of a wave as it passes an obstacle that passes through a small aperture

ANSWER: Diffraction

It is a television receiver design that uses mixing between the picture and sound carriers to generate the sound intermediate frequency.

ANSWER: Intercarrier sound

A spurious pattern or other distortion in a facsimile record copy caused by unwanted modulation products arising from the transmission of a carrier signal, and appearing in the form of a rectified baseband that interferes with the lower sideband of the carrier.

ANSWER: Kendall effect

It is the interchanging of the frequencies of carrier channels to accomplish specific purposes, such as to prevent feedback and oscillation, to reduce crosstalk, and to correct for a high frequency-response slope in the transmission line.

ANSWER: Frequency Frogging

About the Low earth orbit (LEO) satellite, the first problem is less important then it might seem. Shorter range results in much less propagation loss and removes the requirement for highly directional antenna. This makes antenna tracking less critical. In any case, if the antenna is mounted on a moving vehicle or person the direction to the satellite is constantly changing. Even with geostationary satellite. When real time communication is required, the only way to address the second problem is to use a __________ containing more than one satellite.

ANSWER: Constellation

It is the cheapest LAN configuration, and if one station fails the whole system fails.

ANSWER: Ring topology

A network station which all station attach to a common cable and the fastest LAN configuration. ANSWER: Bus topology

Cellular radios that use FM has a maximum deviation of ___________.

ANSWER: +-12kHz

In the GSM system, a telephone number that us unique to a given user, worldwide

ANSWER: International Mobile Subscriber Identification (IMSI)

A frequency multiplier can be created by tuning the output circuit of a class C amplifier to a ANSWER: multiple of the input frequency

The __________ is a variation on the discriminator. It greatly reduces sensitivity to amplitude variations, at the cost of a 50% reduction in output voltage.

ANSWER: radio detector

It is the time between the instant of going off-hook and the instant of receiving a dial tone. ANSWER: dial-tone delay