Instructor: Dr.

Reporter: TR2

 Moment-to-force ratio :type of tooth movement

uncontrolled tipping, controlled tipping, bodily movement, root thrusting

Retraction force in relation to the location of

the center of resistance (Cres)

predict ant. teeth esthetic tooth movement

Changing the vertical vector of the force

 Retraction force on anterior teeth

Establishment of absolute anchorage Lingual approach - esthetic braces & critical torque

control of anterior teeth possible

Longer retraction hooks beyond the level of Cres are

Disadvantage: Anterior torque loss and vertical

bowing of the occlusal plane

 Additional torquing springs with helixes

Slide along the palatal miniscrew (vertical support)

Counterbalancing the torque loss of anterior teeth intrusion

with distal tipping of canine teeth(when en mass retraction) Bodily-like parallel retraction of anterior teeth

 Standard dentiform (12 teeth, bilateral first premolar ext ) 3D finite element model PDL: 0.25mm Compact bone thickness: 2mm Socket of the first premolar tooth: only cancellous bone All materials were isotropic, homogeneous, and linear elastic Any interface was assumed to be perfectly bonded

 Midpoint on the line

between the incisal points of both central incisors

Transverse x-axis (+: left, -:

right); anteroposterior yaxis (+: anterior, -: posterior); vertical z-axis (+: up, -: down)

The plane formed by the

incisal edge and mesiobuccal cusp of both maxillary first molars

 DJR: 0.8mm diameter The retraction lever arms - on the

lateral incisors The torquing springs - on the canines The retractor force was 200 g per side

 Miniscrew: sagittally placed

between the second premolar and the first molar

6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 mm

apically from the cervical line of the first molar

 A: The midpoint of the incisal edge of the incisal

teeth and the cusp point of the canine tooth

B: The root apex A and B: The new positions of A and B Displacement ratio

 Cres: 12.2 mm level from the incisal edge of

the central incisor in the XY plane

Correspoding to 8 mm from the cervical line

of the first molar

55.56% apical to the incisal edge

 Diverse modeling conditions produce

different outcomes among studies

The 3D finite element analysis is only

theoretical and has limitations

Teeth displacement is affected primarily by

the vertical position of palatal miniscrews

 The Cres of six maxillary anterior teeth was

located vertically 12.2 mm (55.56%) apical to the incisal edges of central incisors, in accordance with the 8 mm level of miniscrews from the cervical line of the first molar