Solid:

- Water displacement method Liquid: -Measuring cylinder -Burette -Pipette

Measuring volume

Measuring Length

Straight line: - Meter ruler Curve: -Ruler and thread -Opisometer External diameter: - External calipers and ruler Internal diameter: - Internal calipers and ruler

MEASURING TOOLS
Measuring Area Measuring Diameter

Regular shape: - Formula

Irregular shape: - grid paper/ graph paper

Measuring mass

Lever balance

Beam balance

Measuring weight

Spring balance

Compression balance

The importance of standard units in everyday life

To understand each others measurements and make comparison To enable data to be analyzed, compared and understood by scientists around the world To make it easier for people in different countries to communicate with each other, especially in trading, international business and transportation

The use of measuring tools

Measuring length
Length is the distance between two points Length of a straight object or line is measured with a ruler Length of a curved line is measured using an opisometer or a ruler and thread The units for length are metre (m), centimetre (cm) and milimetre (mm)

Measuring length

Straight line/ object: Ruler

Curve line/ object: Thread and ruler

Measuring diameter
The internal diameter of a container can be measured using internal calipers and a ruler The external diameter of a container can be measured using external calipers and a ruler

Measuring diameter

External calipers

Internal calipers

Measuring area
Area is defined as the total surface covered by an object Area is measured in units of square meter (m2), square centimeter (cm2), square milimeter (mm2) Regular area is measured using the formula Area = length width Irregular area is measured using graph paper

Measuring area
5 cm

5 cm

Regular shape: 25 cm2

irregular shape: 38 cm2

Measuring volume
Volume is defined as the total amount of space occupied by an object The volume measured in units of cubic meter (m3), cubic centimeter (cm3), and cubic milimeter (mm3) The volume of regular and irregular shaped solids can be measured using the water displacement method The apparatus used to measure the volume of liquids are measuring cylinder, burettes and pipettes

Measuring volume of liquid

Measuring cylinder

Pipette

Burette

Measuring volume of solid

Choosing suitable measuring instruments

Error:
The difference between the reading that you obtain and the exact value

We have to choose the right instrument to measure a quantity more accurately