ENAMEL

DEFINITION AND PROPERTIES

Enamel is a protective covering of variable thickness over the entire surface of the crown..
ARRANGEMENT CHARACTER crystalline Hardest calcified tissue

SPECIFIC GRAVITY PERMEABILITY COLOUR

TRANSLUCENCY

2.8
Semi permeable Yellowish white to grayish white Increased with increasing wavelength

CHEMICAL PROP. OF ENAMEL

AMELOGENINS(90% of enamel proteins) ORGANIC+WATER (4%) NONAMELOGENINS(10% of enamel proteins) ENAMEL

INORGANIC MATERIAL (96%)

UNIQUE PROTEINS (ENAMEL+LIPIDS)

ENAMEL RODS Build up of segments seperated by dark lines Striations pronouncedinsufficiently calcified Oriented at right angles to dentin surface Follows a wavy course from dentin to enamel surface

 HUTER SCHREGAR BANDS

HUNTER SCHREGAR BANDS

These are alternating dark and light bands of varying widths Rods oriented at right angles will change their appearance is responsible for its appearance Starts at DE border ends at some distance from the outer enamel surface

INCREMENTAL LINES OF RETZIUS

Appears as brownish bands in ground sections of enamel shows incremental pattern-successive opposition of layers of enamel during crown formation These are attributed to periodic bending of enamel rods Mean rate=3.5 microns Evenly spaced stiae due torhythm in enamel formation

ENAMEL TUFTS AND LAMELLA

enamel tufts resemble tufts of grass They arise from DEJ and reach into enamel to about 1/3 rd to 1/5 th of its thickness It is a narrow ribbon like structure , inner end arises at dentin Tufts consist of hypocalcified enamel rods and interprismatic substance
ENAMEL LAMELLAE are thin leaf like structures that extend from enamel to DEJ Consists of organic material with little mineral content They develop from planes of tension TYPE A-poorly calcified rod segments TYPE B-degenerated cells TYPE C- Arises in erupted teeth where cracks are filled with organic matter

DENTINO ENAMEL JUNCTION

DEJ appears as scalloped line-convexity towards dentin The surface of dentin at dej is pitted in which fit rounded projections of enamel Pitted dej is preformed before the dvpt of hard tissues In this zone crystals of enamel & dentin mix Dej occlusal areas

PERIKYMATA

NEONATAL LINE

AGE CHANGES & CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS

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