Cellular CDMA Transmitter

Pre-coded data (bits)

Symbols

Chips

Orthogonal Code 1 Data Channel 1 CRC Coding FEC Coding Interleaving

Spread Spectrum Code (PN Code or Gold Code)

SSC_I SSC_Q

D/A

+
Linear Summation
Orthogonal Code N 1:2 Demux

I
Complex Multiplier (I + jQ)

Pulse Shaping Filter

I
I/Q Modulator RF Out

Pulse Shaping Filter

Data Channel N

CRC Coding

FEC Coding

Interleaving

D/A

Allows for error detection in the receiver

Allows for error correction in the receiver

Improves error correction in the receiver

Gives a unique Maps identity to digital bits each data to analog stream signals 0 +1 1 -1

Provides 2x higher data rate (WCDMA, cdma2000 downlink)

Gives a unique identity to this transmitter

Contains transmitted frequency spectrum

Allows both signals from 1:2 Demux to share the same RF bandwidth

CDMA RAKE Receiver Architecture

Carrier Frequency Tracking Loop Rake Receiver Finger cos(2fIFt) I PN Code (+1/-1)

bit rate = chip rate / SF

D
BPF LPF I/Q Demod

D
Q PN Code (+1/-1)
Timing Adj. Orthogona l Code (+1/-1)

Integrate over SF chips

DeInterleave Data

Viterbi/ Turbo Decoder

Decoded Output Bits

cos(2fRFt)

CRC Verification

Correlator Pilot Orthogonal Code (all zeros)

Error Indication

Other Rake Receiver Finger

GSM/GPRS Network Architecture

To other BTSs Um To other BSCs To other MSCs

AC Base Station Subsystem (BSS) Um Base Transceiver Station (BTS) Base Station Controller (BSC) Mobile Switching Center (MSC) Abis A H F

EIR E F

External Networks Abis A E Gateway MSC PSTN ISDN Internet B C ... C B

Um

Abis

VLR

HLR

VLR

D G To other BTSs To other BSCs

GPRS Network Components

Packet Control Unit (PCU)

Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN)

Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN)

External Data Network IP / X.25

UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN)

Uu
To other RNCs

WCDMA/UMTS Network Architecture

Core Network (CN)
To other MSCs

Radio Network Subsystem (RNS)

Iu

AC

EIR E

Uu
Node B (BTS)

External Networks

Iub

RNC

Iu

Mobile Switching Center (MSC)

Gateway MSC

PSTN ISDN Internet

... C B

Uu
Iur

Iu
VLR HLR VLR

D G

Iu Uu
Node B (BTS)

Iub

RNC

Iu

Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN)

Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN)

External Data Network IP / X.25

Uu

Iu

GPRS Network Components

To other RNCs

Logical Channels (Layers 3+)

Transport Channels (Layer 2)

Null Data

Physical Channels (Layer 1)

CPICH Common Pilot Channel P-CCPCH(*) Primary Common Control Physical Ch. S/P Cch 256,0
Gain

WCDMA Downlink (FDD)

Sync Codes(*)
PSC

BCCH Broadcast Control Ch. PCCH Paging Control Ch.

BCH Broadcast Ch. PCH Paging Ch.

Data Encoding Data Encoding

S/P Cch 256,1

Gain

GP SSCi

SCH (Sync Channel)

CCCH Common Control Ch. CTCH Common Traffic Ch. DCCH Dedicated Control Ch. DTCH Dedicated Traffic Ch. 1

S-CCPCH Secondary Common Control Physical Ch. FACH Forward Access Ch. Data Encoding DPCH (Dedicated Physical Channel) CCTrCH One per UE DCH Dedicated Ch. DCH Dedicated Ch. Data Encoding Data Encoding

S/P Cch
Gain

GS

Cell-specific Scrambling Code M U X DPDCH (one or more per UE) Dedicated Physical Data Ch. M U X

Downlink RF Out

S/P Cch
Gain

I+jQ

DTCH Dedicated Traffic Ch. N

DCH Dedicated Ch.

Data Encoding Pilot, TPC, TFCI bits DPCCH (one per UE) Dedicated Physical Control Ch. PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared Channel AICH (Acquisition Indicator Channel) PICH (Paging Indicator Channel ) AP-AICH (Access Preamble Indicator Channel ) CSICH (CPCH Status Indicator Channel ) S/P Cch
Gain

Filter Filter

I/Q Modulator

DSCH Downlink Shared Ch.

Data Encoding

* Note regarding P-CCPCH and SCH Sync Codes are transmitted only in bits 0-255 of each timeslot; P-CCPCH transmits only during the remaining bits of each timeslot

Access Indication data Paging Indication bits Access Preamble Indication bits CPCH Status Indication bits CPCH Status Indication bits

S/P S/P S/P S/P Cch Cch Cch Cch Cch

Gain

Gain

Gain

CD/CA-ICH S/P (Collision Detection/Channel Assignment )

Gain

Gain

WCDMA Uplink (FDD)

Logical Channels (Layers 3+)
CCCH Common Control Ch.

Transport Channels (Layer 2)

RACH Random Access Ch. Data Coding

Physical Channels (Layer 1)

PRACH Physical Random Access Ch.

Chd

Gd

RACH Control Part

Chc Chd
DTCH (packet mode) Dedicated Traffic Ch. CPCH Common Packet Ch. Data Coding PCPCH Physical Common Packet Ch.

Gc Gd

PCPCH Control Part

UE Scrambling Code

Uplink RF Out

Chc
Chd,1 Gd

Gc

I+jQ

Filter Filter

I/Q Mod.

CCTrCH DCCH Dedicated Control Ch. DTCH Dedicated Traffic Ch. 1 DCH Dedicated Ch. DCH Dedicated Ch. Data Encoding Data Encoding

DPDCH #1 Dedicated Physical Data Ch. DPDCH #3 (optional) Dedicated Physical Data Ch.

Chd,3

Gd

Chd,5

Gd

M U X

DPDCH #5 (optional) Dedicated Physical Data Ch. DPDCH #2 (optional) Dedicated Physical Data Ch. DPDCH #4 (optional) Dedicated Physical Data Ch. DPDCH #6 (optional) Dedicated Physical Data Ch.

Chd,2

Gd

Chd,4

Gd

DTCH Dedicated Traffic Ch. N

DCH Dedicated Ch.

Data Encoding

Chd,6

Gd

Q
j

Chc

Gd

Pilot, TPC, TFCI bits

DPCCH Dedicated Physical Control Ch.

Logical Channels (Layers 3+)

Transport Channels (Layer 2)

Physical Channels (Layer 1)

WCDMA Downlink (TDD)

Sync Codes(*)
BCCH Broadcast Control Ch. PCCH Paging Control Ch. BCH Broadcast Ch. PCH Paging Ch. Data Encoding Data Encoding S-CCPCH Secondary Common Control Physical Ch. FACH Forward Access Ch. Data Encoding S/P Cch
Gain

P-CCPCH(*) Primary Common Control Physical Ch.

S/P Cch 256,1

Gain

PSC

GP SSCi GS

SCH (Sync Channel)

CCCH Common Control Ch. CTCH Common Traffic Ch.

DCCH Dedicated Control Ch. DTCH Dedicated Traffic Ch. 1

DCH Dedicated Ch. DCH Dedicated Ch.

Data Encoding Data Encoding M U X CCTrCH DPDCH (up to 14 per carrier) Dedicated Physical Data Ch. S/P Cch
Gain

Cell-specific Scrambling Code

Downlink RF Out

I+jQ

Filter Filter

I/Q Modulator

DTCH Dedicated Traffic Ch. N

DCH Dedicated Ch.

Data Encoding

TFCI bits * Note regarding P-CCPCH and SCH SHCCH DSCH Control Ch. DSCH Downlink Shared Ch. Data Encoding PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared Channel S/P Cch
Gain

Sync Codes are transmitted only in bits 0-255 of each timeslot; P-CCPCH transmits only during the remaining bits of each times

Paging Indication bits

PICH (Paging Indication Channel )

S/P Cch

WCDMA Uplink (TDD)

Logical Channels (Layers 3+)
CCCH Common Control Ch.

Transport Channels (Layer 2)

RACH Random Access Ch. Data Coding PRACH Physical Random Access Ch. S/P Cch RACH Control Part
Gain

SHCCH USCH Control Ch.

USCH Downlink Shared Ch.

Data Encoding

PUSCH Physical Uplink Shared Channel

S/P Cch
Gain

UE Scrambling Code

Uplink RF Out

CCTrCH DCCH Dedicated Control Ch. DTCH Dedicated Traffic Ch. 1 DCH Dedicated Ch. DCH Dedicated Ch. Data Encoding Data Encoding DPDCH #1 Dedicated Physical Data Ch. DPDCH #2 (optional) Dedicated Physical Data Ch. M U X DPDCH #3 (optional) Dedicated Physical Data Ch.

I+jQ

Filter Filter

I/Q Mod.

S/P Cch S/P Cch S/P Cch

Gain Gain Gain

DTCH Dedicated Traffic Ch. N

DCH Dedicated Ch.

Data Encoding

TPC, TFCI bits

DPDCH #16 (optional) Dedicated Physical Data Ch.

S/P Cch
Gain