PROJECT:-ECLIPSE

STUDENT NAME:-JASPREET KAUR

PREET KAUR
TEACHER NAME:-AMARJEET SINGH
 DEFINATION OF ECLIPSE
 Eclipse, in astronomy, the obscuring of one
celestial body by another, particularly that of
the sun or a planetary satellite. Two kinds of
eclipses involve the earth: those of the moon,
or lunar eclipses; and those of the sun, or solar
eclipses .
 LUNAR ECLIPSE
 . A lunar eclipse occurs when the earth is
between the sun and the moon and its shadow
darkens the moon
 The earth, lit by the sun, casts a long, conical shadow
in space. At any point within that cone the light of the
sun is wholly obscured. Surrounding the shadow
cone, also called the umbra, is an area of partial
shadow called the penumbra. The approximate mean
length of the umbra is 1,379,200 km (857,000 mi); at
a distance of 384,600 km (239,000 mi), the mean
distance of the moon from the earth, it has a diameter
of about 9170 km (about 5700 mi).
 Total lunar eclipse
 A total lunar eclipse occurs when the moon
passes completely into the umbra. If it moves
directly through the center, it is obscured for
about 2 hours. If it does not pass through the
center, the period of totality is less and may
last for only an instant if the moon travels
through the very edge of the umbra.
 Partial lunar eclipse
 A partial lunar eclipse occurs when only a part
of the moon enters the umbra and is obscured.
The extent of a partial eclipse can range from
near totality, when most of the moon is
obscured, to a slight or minor eclipse, when
only a small portion of the earth’s shadow is
seen on the passing moon. Historically, the
view of the earth’s circular shadow advancing
across the face of the moon was the first
indication of the shape of the earth.
 SOLAR ECLIPSE
 A solar eclipse occurs when the moon is
between the sun and the earth and its shadow
moves across the face of the earth.
 Total solar eclipses
 ). Total solar eclipses occur when the moon’s umbra
reaches the earth. The diameter of the umbra is never
greater than 268.7 km (167 mi) where it touches the
surface of the earth, so that the area in which a total
solar eclipse is visible is never wider than that and is
usually considerably narrower. The width of the
penumbra shadow, or the area of partial eclipse on the
surface of the earth, is about 4828 km (about 3000
mi). At certain times when the moon passes between
the earth and the sun, its shadow does not reach the
earth. At such times an annular eclipse occurs in
which an annulus or bright ring of the solar disk
appears around the black disk of the moon.
 FREQUENCY OF ECLIPSES
 If the earth’s orbit, or the ecliptic, were in the
same plane as the moon’s orbit, two total
eclipses would occur during each lunar month,
a lunar eclipse at the time of each full moon,
and a solar eclipse at the time of each new
moon. The two orbits, however, are inclined,
and, as a result, eclipses occur only when the
moon or the sun is within a few degrees of the
two points, called the nodes, where the orbits
intersect.