GOVT.SEN.SEC.

SCHOOL
DALLA

GUIDED BY:

Mr.DAVINDERPAL SINGH
Mrs. MANDEEP VERMA
Miss. SATVIR KAUR
SUBMITTED BY:
 MANVIR KAUR -10th
 PARAMJIT KAUR -10th
 BALJIT KAUR -10th
 PRABDEEP KAUR -10th
 KARAMJIT KAUR -10th
 RAJWANT SINGH -10th
 MANPREET SINGH -10th
 PARAMJIT SINGH -10th
 CONTENTS

 INTRODUCTION
 DEFINITION
 PROCESS OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS
 PHASES OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS
 FACTORS AFFECTING PHOTOSYNTHESIS
 IMPORTANCE OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS
 INTRODUCTION

All living organisms need food. Animals

obtain food from plants but plants prepare
it for themselves by the process of
photosynthesis. Plants are, therefore,
called autotrophs (auto: self, trophe: food),
and the animals which have a different
mode of nutrition are called heterophs
(hetro: different)
CLASSIFICATION OF AUTOTROPHS

Autotrophs are classified into two types:

1. Photoautotrophs: Green coloured plants
and algae which systhesis food in living
cells containing chlorophyll, in the
presence of sunlight, are called
photoautotrophs.
2. Chemoautotrophs: They produce food
by using energy obtained through
chemical reaction and not from sunlight.
 DEFINITION

Photosynthesis is the process by which

living plant cells, containing chlorophyll,
produce food substances (glucose and
starch), from carbon dioxide and water, by
using light energy. They release oxygen
as a waste product in this process.
PROCESS OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS

Mesophyll cells in a leaf are the principal

centres of this activity. During daytime,
whenthe sunlight falls on the leaf, the light
energy is trapped by the chlorophyll of the
upper layers specially of the mesophyll
specially palisade cells. This energy is
utilized in chemical processes involved in
the manufacture of food, where the raw
materials used are carbon dioxide and
water
 The overall chemical equation of this
process is as follows:
light energy
6CO2 + 12H2O chlorophyll
C6H12O6 + 6H2O+ 6O2

The 6 molecules of H2O liberated at the end of the

process are those that are re-formed and are not
out of the original ones.
PHASES OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS

 Light Reaction: The light reaction takes place in

chlorophyll. Containing thylakoids of chloroplasts.
the light reaction occurs in two main steps.
Step 1. Activation of Chlorophyll. The chlorophyll on
exposure to light energy become activated by absorbing
photons .
Step 2.Splitting of water . The absorbed energy is used
in splitting the water molescule into its two components
and releasing electrons.
H2O H+ +OH- 2H+ +O +2e-
 Dark Reaction: The term “dark reaction” does
not mean that it occurs when it is dark i.e., at
night. It only means that the reactions are not
dependent on light.In this phase ,the
hydrogen of NADPH is used to combine it with
CO2 by utilising ATP energy to ultimately
produce glucose . This synthesis occurs in a
number of steps using certain special
intermediary compound .
6RuBP +6CO2 +18ATP +12NADPH +12H+
6RuBP +C6H12O6 +18ADP +18Pi +12NADP
+6H2O
 FACTORS AFFECTING
PHOTOSYNTHESIS

 EXTERNAL FACTORS
 INTERNAL FACTORS
EXTERNAL FACTORS
 Light
Intensity
 Carbon dioxide concentration
 Temperature
 Water content
INTERNAL FACTORS
 Chlorophyll
 Protoplasm
 Structure of leaf
 IMPORTANCE OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS

 Food for all: Photosynthesis is ultimately

the source of energy and life for all living
beings, whether plants, animals or
humans.
 Oxygen to breathe: this is the only
biological process which releases oxygen
into the atmosphere. The oxygen supports
all life on earth.
 Thanks