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Hydrotherapy

Leila Rafiee Pharmacology 2 oct 2011

Hydrotherapy
hydropathy, involves the use of water for pain-relief and treating illness.

A hydrotherapist therefore, is someone who practices hydrotherapy.

Type of hydrotherapy
(a) Water cure therapy a course of medical treatment by hydrotherapy

(b) water cure torture a form of torture in which a person is forced to drink large quantities of water.

Historical background
Various forms of hydrotherapy have been recorded in ancient Egyptian, Greek and Roman civilizations. Egyptian royalty bathed with essential oils and flowers, while Romans had communal public baths for their citizens.

Date discover in medication


After an apparent oblivion during the Middle Ages, hydrotherapy was rediscovered during the 18th and 19th centuries by people such as J.S.Hahn, MD.

Hydrotherapeutic mechanisms and modern medicine


Nowadays, water therapy may be restricted to use in physical therapy, and as a cleansing agent. However, it is also used as a medium for delivery of heat and cold to the body, which has long been the basis for its application.

What a Typical Hydrotherapy Treatment is Like

Warm water baths - Soak in warm water for up to 30 minutes, depending on the condition. Epsom salts, mineral mud, aromatherapy oils, ginger, moor mud, and dead sea salts may be added. Compresses - Towels are soaked in hot and/or cold water. Steam bath or Turkish bath Sauna - Dry heat

Sitz bath - There are 2 adjacent tubs of water, one hot and one cold. You sit in one tub with your feet in the other tub, and then alternate. Sitz baths are recommended for hemorrhoids, PMS and menstrual problems, cystitis, polyps.

What a Typical Hydrotherapy Treatment is Like


Wraps - Cold wet flannel sheets are used to cover the a person lying down. The person is then covered with dry towels and then blankets. The body warms up in response and dries to wet sheets. This is used for colds, bronchitis, skin disorders, infection, and muscle pain.
Wet sock treatment - Used for sore throat, ear infections, headaches, migraines, nasal congestion, upper respiratory infections, coughs, bronchitis, and sinus infections.
Hot fomentation - For treatment of acute conditions such as chest colds and coughs. It seems to relieve symptoms but also decrease the length of the illness

Purpose and effects of hydrotherapy


1. The provide local and reflex increase in blood flow through the feet and entire skin surface producing decongestion in internal organs and brain. 2. To provide general warming of the body. 3. To aid relaxation and comfort. 4. To provide a treatment for local inflammation of feet. 5. Increase white blood cell activity and increase Bp,P,T and metabolism.

Application
rheumatoid arthritis Osteoarthritis major depressive disorder neuroleptic and sedative treatment MS fibromyalgia syndrome
and etc.

hall J1996:A randomized and controlled trial of hydrotherapy in rheumatoid arthritis


Results. At follow-up, hydrotherapy patients maintained the improvement in emotional and psychological state.

Foley 2003:Does hydrotherapy improve strength and physical function in patients with osteoarthritisa randomized controlled trial comparing a gym based and a hydrotherapy based strengthening programmed Results: Compliance rates were similar for both exercise groups, with 84% of hydrotherapy and 75% of gym sessions attended. There were no differences in drug use between groups over the study period.

Blumenthal 2007:Exercise and pharmacotherapy in the treatment of major depressive disorder RESULTS:. Patients receiving active treatments tended to have higher remission rates than the placebo controls: supervised exercise = 45%; home-based exercise = 40%; medication = 47%; placebo = 31% (p = .057). All treatment groups had lower HAM-D scores after treatment; scores for the active treatment groups were not significantly different from the placebo group (p = .23).

Shevchuk 2008:Hydrotherapy as a possible neuroleptic and sedative treatment

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Evcik 2008:Effectiveness of aquatic therapy in the treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome: a randomized controlled open study. results showed that both aquatic therapy and home-based exercise programs have beneficial effects on FIQ, BDI, and NTP. In pain management, only aquatic therapy seems to have long-term effects.

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reference
Books:
Elements of Hydrotherapy for Nurses Hydrotherapy: Simple Treatments for Common Ailments Modern Hydrotherapy for the Massage Therapist

Thanks for attention

Article:
Hall J, Skevington SM, Maddison PJ, Chapman K. A randomized and controlled trial of hydrotherapy in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Care Res. 1996 Jun;9(3):206-15.
Foley A, Halbert J, Hewitt T, Crotty M. Does hydrotherapy improve strength and physical function in patients with osteoarthritis--a randomised controlled trial comparing a gym based and a hydrotherapy based strengthening programme. Ann Rheum Dis. 2003 Dec;62(12):1162-7. Blumenthal JA, Babyak MA, Doraiswamy PM, Watkins L, Hoffman BM, Barbour KA, Herman S, Craighead WE, Brosse AL, Waugh R, Hinderliter A, Sherwood A. Exercise and pharmacotherapy in the treatment of major depressive disorder. Psychosom Med. 2007 Sep-Oct;69(7):587-96. Epub 2007 Sep 10. Shevchuk NA. Hydrotherapy as a possible neuroleptic and sedative treatment. Med Hypotheses. 2008;70(2):230-8. Epub 2007 Jul 20.

Ghafari S, Ahmadi F, Nabavi M.[ Effects of applying hydrotherapy on fatigue in multiple sclerosis patients. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences 2008;18(66): 71-81.] persian Mohammadzadeh Sh, Shojaie F, Zeraati H, Mahidashtizad Sh. [Effects of exercise in water (hydrotherpy) on pain relief and extended range of motion in rheumatoid arthritis patients . Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad University,tehran Medical Unite 2007;17(3): 147-152.]persian Evcik D, Yigit I, Pusak H, Kavuncu V Effectiveness of aquatic therapy in the treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome: a randomized controlled open study. Rheumatol Int. 2008 Jul;28(9):885-90. Epub 2008 Feb 16.

Kargarfard M, Dehghani M, Heidari A. [ Effect of a period of aquatic exercise therapy on the quality of life, anxiety and depression in patients with hemophilia. koomesh, 2011; 12 (4) :364-371.] persian Website: www.pubmed.com www.iranmedex.com www.sid.ir www.inlm.gov *www.prequest.com

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