TURKEYS FOREIGN POLICY TOWARDS MIDDLE EAST

(Post 1990 Era)

P R EP A R ED B Y: I R A M M USTA HSA N M P H I L I N TER N A TI O N A L R EL A TI O N S S ESSI O N 20 10 - 1 2

KINNAIRD COLLEGE FOR WOMEN

INTRODUCTION
Emergence of Turkey in 1922 Mustafa Kemal_____First president of Turkey Six Principles were being introduced Republicanism, Secularism, Nationalism, Populism,

Revolutionism, Etatism

FIRST PHASE (1923-1940)

Turkey.a Republic State Peaceful and Friendly Foreign Policy In 1926, Ankara accepted the integration of Mosul

into Iraq Treaty of Friendship with Greece and Balkan in 1930 and 1934 respectively Agreements with Iran Saadabad Treaty of 1937

SECOND PHASE (1940-1961)

Kemal Attaturk Death in 1940 Ismet InonuKemals immediate successor became

the President World War Two and Turkeys Neutral Policy Internal Westernization of Turkey lead towards open elections in 1950 Democratic Party won and they also continued the same policy

SECOND PHASE Continued

Turkey also began to involve in Middle East Various pacts were made to combat communism The elected government also intimidate anti-

western regimes in Middle East In 1960, through a military coup the government was demolished

THIRD PHASE 1961-1979

New government of Ismet Inonu Rapprochement with the Arab World This phase go through mistrust against West

Political events like Jupiter Missile Crisis and Cyprus

Crisis aggravated the situation Thus, attempt to normalize relations with the Arab world was partly a response of these disaappointments

FOURTH PHASE (1980-2002)

The fourth phase started after the military coup in

1980 The most important development during this phase was the end of Cold War After the end of Cold War, Turkeys foreign policy based on security concerns Another important development was the decision of EU to accept Turkey as a candidate country in 1999

FOURTH PHASE (CONTINUED)

Reformulation in Turkeys Foreign Policy Real change was seen after the emergence of Justice

and Development Party in 2002 Foreign Minister Ahmet Davotoglu introduced the Strategic Depth doctrine Zero Problems with Neighbors Five Pillars of new Foreign Policy Doctrine Turkey as a regional player

RATIONALE
Importance of Turkey

Different views regarding Turkeys Role

Where is Turkey Going?

SIGNIFICANCE
Knowledge about the emerging trends in Turkeys

Foreign Policy
Emerging Economic Power
Further Dimensions of Research

OBJECTIVES
To compare its contemporary policy with the Past To analyze its success in pursuing strategic depth

doctrine
To evaluate possible implications

RESEARCH QUESTIONS
Which Foreign policy tools are being used by Turkey

to pursue a successful foreign policy with its neighbors? What aims Turkey wants to achieve through its contemporary foreign policy? How far is Turkey successful in the Middle East?

LITERATURE REVIEW
Larrabee, F. Stephen and Ian O. Lesser in the

book Turkish Foreign Policy in an Age of Uncertainty described various reasons of Turkeys involvement in the Middle East region Oleg Svet in his article Turkeys Zero Problem Foreign Policy: An Untenable Balancing Act discusses the shift in current turkeys foreign policy Yaprak Gursoy in his article Democratization and Foreign Policy Reforms in Turkey: Europeanization of Turkish Politics? Intends to explore the new direction of turkey in international politics.

REFERENCES
1. Akgun, Mensur, Senyusel, Sabiha, & Percinoglu, Gockce. (2010). The perception of

turkey in the middle east. Ankara: TESEV Publishers.

2. Kirisci, Kemal. (2011). Turkey's "demonstrative effect" and the transformation of the

Middle East. Insight Turkey, 13(2), 33-55.

3. Lesser, Ian O., & Larrabee, Stephen F. (2003). Turkish foreign policy in an age of

uncertainty. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation.

4. Muftuler, Meltem, & Gursoy, Yaprak. (2010). Is there a Europeanization of Turkish

foreign policy?. Turkish Studies, 11(3), 405-427.

5. Nas, Cidgem. (2010). Changing dynamics of Turkish foreign policy and the

european union. Turkish Policy Quarterly, 9(4), 117-131.

6. Onis, Ziya. (2011). Multiple faces of the new Turkish foreign policy: underlying

dynamics and a critique. Insight Turkey, 13(1), 47-65.

REFERENCES
7. Ozturk, Asiye. (2008). Turkey~Europes bridge to the Middle East. Israel Journal of

Foreign Affairs, 2(2), 73-77.

8. Perthes, Volker. (2010). Turkey's role in the Middle East: an outsider's perspective.

Insight Turkey, 12(4), 1-8

9.

Shireen, Tahmasseb. (2011). Turkey's new activist foreign policy: challenges and
oppertunities for iran. Just Peace Diplomacy Journal, (3), Retrieved from http://peaceipsc.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/IPSC-No-3-English-Side-2.pdf

10. Taspinar, Omer. (2008). Turkey's Middle East policies between neo ottomanism

and kemalism. Washington, D.C.: Carneige Endowment for International Peace

Publications Department.
11. Yaprak, Gursoy. (2010). Democratization and foreign policy reforms in Turkey:

Europeanization of Turkish politics?. International Journal of Legal Information, 38(2), Retrieved from http://scholarship.law.cornell.edu/ijli/vol38/iss2/14/