Training Aids

Training Aids
Training aids means any equipments or

objects which helps trainees to learn faster & better. Also called as learning aids.

We Learn and Retain:

10% of what we READ 20% of what we HEAR 30% of what we SEE 50% of what we HEAR and SEE Higher levels of retention can be achieved through active involvement in learning.

Basic classification of Learning Aids

Training Media Static Media Dynamic Media Examples White board, black board, printed material, OHP, Video tapes, CDs, DVDs, audio tapes

Telecommunication Devices Video conferencing, conference calls Computer based media Internet, intranet, PPTs,

Matching training aid with training approach

Training Approach Appropriate Learning Aid

On the Job

Job cards, manuals, conference calls, work place equipments & tools OHP, LCDs , white/black boards, animations, television Computer, CDs, DVDs, internet, books, manuals & other study material.

Off the Job

Self Paced

Black/White board
Place centrally so that visible to all. Fix a no. of tube lights horizontally atop for

clear visual. Use small points, not exceeding 5-6 words Use capital letters for better understanding Use thick tip marker for better visibility. Use dark color marker Seek feedback from trainees.

WHITE-/BLACKBOARD
Advantages
No advanced preparation

Disadvantages
Time-consuming if you have a

required, except when displaying a complex table/chart/ diagram. Technology is not dependent on electricity or other possible glitches. Can be used by students for problem-solving, etc.

lot to write. Handwriting may be difficult to read (legibility, size, glare, etc.). Turn your back on audience. Cleaning the board (chalk dust, permanent marker, etc.) Cant go back to something youve erased.

Flip charts
Take 1 sheet at a time Dont fix them to wall as ink can spread Highlight important points Add title to each chart May use different color for different points

Advantages
Information can be preserved Time saving

Disadvantage Costly

Printed Material
Material containing text, graphs, tables , pictures etc. Print the logo & address of the company Use 11-12 font size Not use more than 4 font size Use good quality A4 sheet Use simple language that can be understood by the

trainees Provide adequate space all around the paper Provide references at the end.

Over Head Projectors

Serial no. on the top of each OHP sheet Use waterproof transparency writing pens Write in capital letters May use different color markers Not more than 8 words in a line Not more than 12 lines per sheet Write brief points

OVERHEAD PROJECTOR
Keep words to a minimum:
Please observe the rules prohibiting the combustion of vegetable material and the exhalation of noxious fumes in this auditorium.

NO SMOKING

OVERHEAD PROJECTOR
Tables are best avoided:
1st Qtr. 2nd Qtr. 3rd Qtr. 4th Qtr. 20.4 27.4 90.0 20.4 30.6 38.6 34.7 31.5 45.9 46.8 45.0 43.9

East West North

OVERHEAD PROJECTOR
Use Charts/Graphs instead:
200 150 100 50 0 1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr North West East

OVERHEAD PROJECTOR
Choosing a Font
Size - minimum 20pt (5mm

Examples:

14 pt Tahoma

high)

20 pt Tahoma

28 pt Tahoma

36 pt Tahoma
Sans serif fonts preferred Times New Roman Arial Comic Sans

OVERHEAD PROJECTOR
Advantages
Allows you to prepare all your

Disadvantages
A blown bulb or power failure

slides in advance. Particularly suited for complex diagrams, charts and illustrations. Can build up information pointby-point through the use of overlays. Dont have to turn your back on the audience.

can spoil all your hard work. Image quality can also be a problem. Can be disorienting to manipulate transparencies on projector plate.

Computer based presentations

LCD projectors

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS Laptop/computer LCD Projector White screen of 4*6 or bigger A laser pointer Electricity with UPS backup

Advantages/disadvantages
Easy to prepare & use Easy to carry & store Can be changed & modified anytime Visuals like movies , picture, text, tables etc can be inserted Audios can be included Easy for trainers & effective for trainees. Expensive Require electricity

Other Media AUDIO TAPES or CDs

When to USE:
Particularly suited for language

TIPS
Check the room and equipment

learning, media studies, English literature, etc. Valuable when referring to recorded historical events (e.g. Martin Luther Kings I have a dream speech). Background music can also be played before class starts and during group activities.

beforehand. Can it be heard from the back of the room? Find the right spot on the tape/CD and queue it up in advance. Dont play more than a few minutes of audio at one time. Break up longer clips into segments, interspersed with discussion or other activities.

Other Media VIDEO TAPES or DVDs

When to USE:
Adds a dimension not available

TIPS
Same as for CDs/audio tapes Check equipment beforehand. Can images be seen from the back of the room? Queue up the tape in advance. Break viewing into short segments, interspersed with discussion or activities.

through audio alone - helps students to visualise. Essential when illustrating things that are impractical to do in real life. Particularly suited for language learning, media studies, engineering, etc. Valuable when referring to recorded historical events.

Telecommunications
Internet, intranet, extranet Covers vast area, people Saves time & cost of travel No personal contact Need electricity costly

Simulators
These are the devices that can replicate the

conditions & environment of an actual job. Useful when it is not feasible to train on actual equipments. Safety, quality, customer service Expensive

Work Equipments
On the Job or near the job Easy to learn & implement Dangerous & expensive

Props
A prop is something people can hear ,see,

smell & touch. Any physical element that can be used for explaining the concept or for providing the demonstration is prop Draws attention Helps understanding Easy to handle

Activity sheets
For off the job training Easy to use Retrievable To learn both knowledge & skills Not for blinds Static

Pen/pencil & notebook

Simple & easy