OWO113030 WCDMA RAN11 Handover Algorithm and Parameters ISSUE1.02

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Course Code Product

OWO13 WCDMA RNO Algorithm
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Course Version ISSUE
Version 1.01
Product Version
RAN11 Feature Issue 2.0
Developer/Modifie Time r
Zhang Jian (45301) Guo Yang 57561 2009-07-06 2009-12-23
Approver
New/Update
Update RNP&RNO Team Bug Correction
Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page1
WCDMA Handover Algorithm and Parameters

www.huawei.com
Foreword
Why mobile system need handover?
The mobility of UE Load Balance Any others?
Page3
Page4
References
3GPP TS 23.122: Non Access Stratum functions related to Mobile Station (MS) in idle mode 3GPP TS 24.008: Mobile radio interface layer 3 specification; Core Network Protocols - Stage 3 3GPP TS 25.304: UE Procedures in Idle Mode and Procedures for Cell Reselection in Connected Mode 3GPP TS 25.331: RRC Protocol Specification 3GPP TS 23.060: General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Service description 3GPP TS 25.931: UTRAN Functions, Examples on Signalling Procedures
Page5
Objectives
Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
Explain the features of each handover Describe the procedures of each handover Perform the parameters setting of each handover
Page6
The Basic Concepts of Handover

Active set Monitored set Detected set Radio link (RL) Radio link set (RLS)
Maximum ratio combination
Selective combination Soft handover gain PCPICH
Page7
Contents
1. 2. 3.
Intra-Frequency Handover Inter-Frequency Handover Inter-RAT Handover
Page8
Contents
1. 2. 3.
Page9
Contents
1.
Intra-Frequency Handover
1.
Intra-Frequency Handover Overview Intra-Frequency Handover Procedure Signaling Procedures for Intra-Frequency Handover
2.
3.
Page10
Intra-Frequency Handover Types
The carrier frequencies of the current cell and target cell are the same:
Intra-frequency soft handover Intra-frequency hard handover
Page11
Intra-Frequency Handover Types (Cont.)
Comparison between soft handover and hard handover:

Item Soft Handover
Several One
Hard Handover
The number of RLs in active set during handover Interruption during handover
No
Yes
The frequencies of cells Only happened between Intrafrequency cells
Can be happened in Intrafrequency cells or Interfrequency cells
Page12
Intra-Frequency Soft Handover
The types of intra-frequency soft handover are as follows:
Intra-NodeB soft handover (also known as softer handover)
Intra-RNC inter-NodeB soft handover Inter-RNC soft handover
Page13
Intra-Frequency Soft Handover (cont.)
Comparison between soft handover and softer handover: Item

Softer Handover Soft Handover
When the UE is in the two neighboring cells of different NodeBs Using selection combination When the UE is in the neighboring cells of a NodeB with combined RLs
Scenario
overlapped coverage area of two overlapped coverage area of
Uplink signal Using maximum-ratio combination Downlink signal Using maximum-ratio combination
Using maximum-ratio combination Occupying more Iub bandwidth
Resource use Occupying less Iub bandwidth
Page14
Intra-Frequency Hard Handover
Intra-frequency hard handover:
No Iur interface Iur interface is congested High-speed Best Effort (BE) service Handover Soft handover fails
Page15
Contents
1.
1.
2.
3.
Page16
Intra-Frequency Handover Procedure
Measurement
Decision
Execution
Page17
Contents
1.
1.
Intra-Frequency Handover Overview Intra-Frequency Handover Procedure

1.
2.
Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement Intra-Frequency Handover Decision and Execution Neighboring Cell Combination Algorithm
2.
3.
3.
Signaling Procedures for Intra-Frequency Handover
Page18
Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement
Measurement control:
UE
UTRAN
MEASUREMENT CONTROL
Page19
Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement (Cont.)
Measurement report:
UE
UTRAN MEASUREMENT REPORT
Page20
Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement (Cont.)
Measurement model in the WCDMA system:
L3 filtering formula:
Fn = (1 ) Fn 1+ M n
Page21
Parameters of Intra-Frequency Measurement
IntraFreqMeasQuantity
Parameter name: Intra-freq Measure Quantity Recommended value: CPICH_EC/NO
FilterCoef Parameter name: Intra-freq meas L3 filter coeff Recommended value: D3, namely K=3
Page22
Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement Events

Event
1A
Description
A primary CPICH enters the reporting range. This indicates that the quality of a cell is close to the quality of the best cell in the active set. A relatively high combined gain can be achieved when the cell is added to the active set. A primary CPICH leaves the reporting range. This indicates that a cell has a lower quality than the best cell in the active set. The cell has to be deleted from the active set. A non-active primary CPICH becomes better than an active primary CPICH. This indicates that the quality of a cell is better than the quality of the worst cell in the active set. The RNC replaces a cell in the active set with a cell in the monitored set. The best cell changes.
1B
1C
1D 1J
RAN10.0 provides the solution to the issue of how to add an HSUPA cell in a DCH active set to an E-DCH active set. Event 1J is added to the 3GPP protocol. This event is triggered when a non-active E-DCH but active DCH primary CPICH becomes better than an active E-DCH Copyright primary CPICH. 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page23
Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement Events (Cont.)
1A event
Event 1A is triggered on the basis of the following formula:
M New + CIONew W ( M i ) + (1 W ) M Best ( R1 H1 / 1 ) a a

i =1
NA
Page24
A: signal quality curve of the best cell in the active set
B: signal quality curve of a cell in the monitored set

Page25
C: curve of Th1A
Parameters of Intra-Frequency Handover (Cont.)
CIO
Parameter name: Cell oriented Cell Individual Offset Recommended value: 0, namely 0dB
CIOOffset
Parameter name: Neighboring cell oriented CIO Recommended value: 0, namely 0dB
Page26
IntraRelThdFor1ACSNVP
Parameter name: CS non VP service 1A event relative THD Recommended value: 6, namely 3dB
IntraRelThdFor1ACSVP
Parameter name: VP service 1A event relative THD Recommended value: 6, namely 3dB
IntraRelThdFor1APS
Parameter name: PS service 1A event relative threshold Recommended value: 6, namely 3dB Page27
Hystfor1A
Parameter name: 1A hysteresis Recommended value: 0, namely 0dB
TrigTime1A
Parameter name: 1A event trigger delay time Recommended value: D320, namely 320ms
Weight
Parameter name: Weighted factor Recommended value: 0

Page28
1A event report mode:
Event trigger report Event to periodical report
Page29
ReportIntervalfor1A
Parameter name: 1A event to periodical rpt period Recommended value: D4000, namely 4000ms
PeriodMRReportNumfor1A
Parameter name: 1A event to periodical rpt number Recommended value: D16
Page30
1B event
Event 1B is triggered on the basis of the following formula:
M Old + CIOOld W ( M i ) + (1 W ) M Best ( R1 + H1 / 1 ) b b

i =1
NA
Page31
A: signal quality curve of the best cell in the active set
B: signal quality curve of the worst cell in the active set

Page32
C: curve of Th1B
IntraRelThdFor1BCSNVP
Parameter name: CS non VP service 1B event relative THD Recommended value: 12, namely 6dB
IntraRelThdFor1BCSVP
Parameter name: VP service 1B event relative THD Recommended value: 12, namely 6dB
IntraRelThdFor1BPS
Parameter name: PS service 1B event relative threshold Recommended value: 12, namely 6dB Page33
Hystfor1B
Parameter name: 1B hysteresis Recommended value: 0, namely 0dB
TrigTime1B
Parameter name: 1B event trigger delay time Recommended value: D640, namely 640ms
Page34
1C event
Event 1C is triggered on the basis of the following formula:
M New + CIONew M InAS + CIOInAS + H1 / 1 c
Page35
A: signal quality curve of the best cell in the active set B: signal quality curve of a cell in the active set C: signal quality curve of the worst cell in the active set D: signal quality curve of a cell in the monitored set E: curve of Th1C
Page36
Hystfor1C
Parameter name: 1C hysteresis Recommended value: 8, namely 4dB
TrigTime1C
Parameter name: 1C event trigger delay time Recommended value: D640, namely 640ms
Page37
1C event report mode:
Page38
ReportIntervalfor1C
Parameter name: 1C event to periodical rpt period Recommended value: D4000, namely 4000ms
PeriodMRReportNumfor1C
Parameter name: 1C event to periodical rpt number Recommended value: D16
Page39
1D event
Event 1D is triggered on the basis of the following formula:
M NotBest + CIONotBest M Best + CIOBest + H1 / 1 d
Page40
A: signal quality curve of the best cell in the active set B: signal quality curve of a cell in the active set or the monitored set
C: curve of Th1D
Page41
Hystfor1D
Parameter name: 1D hysteresis Recommended value: 8, namely 4dB
TrigTime1D
Parameter name: 1D event trigger delay time Recommended value: D640, namely 640ms
Page42
1J event
Event 1J is triggered on the basis of the following formula:
M New + CIONew M InAS + CIOInAS + H1 / 1 J
Page43
A: signal quality curve of a cell in the E-DCH active set B: signal quality curve of the worst cell in the E-DCH active set C: signal quality curve of a cell not in the E-DCH active set but included in DCH active set
D: signal quality curve of a cell not in the E-DCH active set but included in DCH active set
Page44
Page45
Hystfor1J
Parameter name: 1J hysteresis Recommended value: 8, namely 4dB
TrigTime1J
Parameter name: 1J event trigger delay time Recommended value: D640, namely 640ms
MaxEdchCellInActiveSet
Parameter name: Max number of cell in EDCH active set Recommended value: 3
Page46
1J event report mode:
Page47
ReportIntervalfor1J
Parameter name: 1J event to periodical rpt period Recommended value: D1000, namely 1000ms
PeriodMRReportNumfor1J
Parameter name: 1J event to periodical rpt number Recommended value: D64
Page48
Contents
1.
1.

1.
2.
2.
3.
3.
Page49
Intra-Frequency Handover Decision and Execution
The intra-frequency handover decision and execution procedure depends on the different measurement events that the RNC receives:
1A Event 1B Event 1C Event 1D Event 1J Event
Page50
Page51
MaxCellInActiveSet
Parameter name: Max number of cell in active set Recommended value: 3
SHOQualmin
Parameter name: Min quality THD for SHO Recommended value: -24, namely -24dB
Page52
Rate Reduction After an SHO Failure
If the radio link addition for a soft handover fails, the rate reduction is triggered for R99 NRT (Non Real Time) services to increase the probability of a successful soft handover
1A,1C,1D is received by RNC
Execute admission control in target cell No
Admission succeed? Yes
Estimation Rate Reduction Execution
Execute Handover
Page53
Estimation Procedure for Rate Reduction
Page54
Page55
RelThdForDwnGrd
Parameter name: Relative threshold of SHO failure Recommended value: 2, namely 1dB
ShoFailPeriod
Parameter name: Max evaluation period of SHO failure Recommended value: 60, namely 60s
ShoFailNumForDwnGrd
Parameter name: Threshold number of SHO failure Recommended value: 3

Page56
Procedure of Rate Reduction Execution
Page57
DcccShoPenaltyTime
Parameter name: Period of penalty timer for SHO failure after down rate
Recommended value: 30, namely 30s
Page58
Contents
1.
1.

1.
2.
2.
3.
3.
Page59
Neighboring Cell Combination Algorithm

Cell A Cell B Cell C Cell A, Cell B and Cell C are in active set. Cell A is the best cell. Cell B Ec/No is greater than Cell C.
Cell A
Cell B
Cell C
Firstly, the cells in the active set are added.
Secondly, the neighboring cells of cell A are added.
After that, the neighboring cells of cell B are added.
Finally, the neighboring cells of cell C are added.
Page60
Page61
Parameters of Neighboring Cell Combination Algorithm
HO_MC_NCELL_COMBINE_SWITCH
Parameter name: Neighboring Cell Combination Switch Recommended value: ON
NprioFlag
Parameter name: The flag of the priority Recommended value: FALSE
Nprio
Parameter name: the priority of the neighboring cell Recommended value: None
Page62
Contents
1.
1.
2.
3.
Page63
Signaling Procedures for IntraFrequency Handover
There are five types of signaling procedures for intra-frequency handover:
Intra-NodeB Intra-Frequency Soft Handover Intra-RNC Inter-NodeB Intra-Frequency Soft Handover Inter-RNC Intra-Frequency Soft Handover Intra-RNC Inter-NodeB Intra-Frequency Hard Handover Inter-RNC Intra-Frequency Hard Handover
Page64
Intra-NodeB Intra-Frequency Soft Handover
Page65
Intra-RNC Inter-NodeB IntraFrequency Soft Handover
Page66
Inter-RNC Intra-Frequency Soft Handover
Page67
Intra-RNC Inter-NodeB IntraFrequency Hard Handover
Page68
Inter-RNC Intra-Frequency Hard Handover
Page69
Contents
1. 2. 3.
Page70
Contents
2.
Inter-Frequency Handover
1.
Inter-Frequency Handover Overview Inter-Frequency Handover Procedure Signaling Procedures for Inter-Frequency Handover
2.
3.
Page71
Inter-Frequency Handover Types
The carrier frequency of the current cell and target cell are different
Based on the triggering causes of handover, interfrequency handover can be categorized into two types:
Coverage-based inter-frequency handover Load-based inter-frequency handover
Page72
Contents
2.
1.
Inter-Frequency Handover Overview Inter-Frequency Handover Procedure

1.
2.
Coverage-based Inter-Frequency Handover Load-based Inter-Frequency Handover Blind Handover based on Event 1F Inter-Frequency anti-Ping-Pong
1.
2.
3.
3.
Signaling Procedures for Inter-Frequency Handover
Page73
Coverage-based Inter-Frequency Handover
Page74
Coverage-based Inter-Frequency Handover - Triggering Phase
Triggering event:
2D event:
The estimated quality of the currently used frequency is below a certain threshold
2F event:
The estimated quality of the currently used frequency is above a certain threshold
Page75
Compressed Mode
Purpose
Measure the inter-frequency cell or inter-RAT cell under FDD mode
Categories
Downlink compressed mode Uplink compressed mode
Realization Methods
SF/2 Higher layer scheduling
Page76
Coverage-based Inter-Frequency Handover Events
2D event:
Event 2D is triggered on the basis of the following formula: QUsed TUsed2d - H2d/2
Page77
Parameters of Inter-Frequency Handover
InterFreqCSThd2DEcN0
Parameter name: Inter-freq CS measure start Ec/No THD Recommended value: -14, namely -14dB
InterFreqR99PsThd2DEcN0
Parameter name: Inter-freq R99 PS measure start Ec/No THD Recommended value: -14, namely -14dB
InterFreqHThd2DEcN0
Parameter name: Inter-freq H measure start Ec/No THD

Page78
Parameters of Inter-Frequency Handover (Cont.)
InterFreqCSThd2DRSCP
Parameter name: Inter-freq CS measure start RSCP THD Recommended value: -95, namely -95dBm
InterFreqR99PsThd2DRSCP
Parameter name: Inter-freq R99 PS measure start RSCP THD Recommended value: -95, namely -95dBm
InterFreqHThd2DRSCP
Parameter name: Inter-freq H measure start RSCP THD

Page79
HystFor2D
Parameter name: 2D hysteresis Recommended value: 4, namely 2dB
TimeToTrig2D
Parameter name: 2D event trigger delay time Recommended value: D320, namely 320ms
Page80
Coverage-based Inter-Frequency Handover Events (Cont.)
2F event
Event 2F is triggered on the basis of the following formula: QUsed TUsed2f + H2f/2
Page81
InterFreqCSThd2FEcN0
Parameter name: Inter-freq CS measure stop Ec/No THD Recommended value: -12, namely -12dB
InterFreqR99PsThd2FEcN0
Parameter name: Inter-freq R99 PS measure stop Ec/No THD Recommended value: -12, namely -12dB
InterFreqHThd2FEcN0
Parameter name: Inter-freq H measure stop Ec/No THD

Page82
InterFreqCSThd2FRSCP
Parameter name: Inter-freq CS measure stop RSCP THD Recommended value: -92, namely -92dBm
InterFreqR99PsThd2FRSCP
Parameter name: Inter-freq R99 PS measure stop RSCP THD Recommended value: -92, namely -92dBm
InterFreqHThd2FRSCP
Parameter name: Inter-freq H measure stop RSCP THD

Page83
HystFor2F
Parameter name: 2F hysteresis Recommended value: 4, namely 2dB
TimeToTrig2F
Parameter name: 2F event trigger delay time Recommended value: D1280, namely 1280ms
Page84
Coverage-based Inter-Frequency Handover - Measurement Phase
UE
Measurement report (2D) Physical Channel Recfg (CM) Physical Channel Recfg Complet (CM) Measurement control
RNC
UE
Measurement report (2D) Physical Channel Recfg (CM) Physical Channel Recfg Complet (CM) Measurement control (RSCP) Measurement control (Ec/No)
RNC
Periodical Reporting
Event Reporting
Page85
Coverage-based Inter-Frequency Handover - Measurement Phase (Cont.)
Measurement report:
UE
Measurement report Measurement report Measurement report Handover
RNC
UE
RNC
Measurement report (2B) Handover
Event Reporting
Page86
InterFreqReportMode
Parameter name: Inter-frequency measure report mode Recommended value: Periodical reporting
PrdReportInterval
Parameter name: Inter-frequency measure periodical rpt period Recommended value: D500, namely 500ms
InterFreqMeasTime
Parameter name: Inter-freq measure timer length Recommended value: 60, namely 60s Page87
Coverage-based Inter-Frequency Handover - Decision Phase
The coverage-based inter-frequency handovers are categorized into two types according to the following two measurement report modes:
periodical measurement report mode event-triggered measurement report mode
Each mode corresponds to a different decision and execution procedure
Page88
Coverage-based Inter-Frequency Handover - Decision Phase (Cont.)
Periodical measurement report mode:
RNC decide whether both the CPICH Ec/No value and CPICH RSCP value of the pilot signal of the target cell meet the requirement of inter-frequency handover. The evaluation formula is listed below:
M other_Freq + CIOother_Freq Tother_Freq + H/2
Start the hard handover time-to-trigger timer, which is configured through the parameter TimeToTrigForPrdInterFreq If M other_Freq + CIOother_Freq < Tother_Freq - H/2, stop the timer Select the cells in sequence, that is, from high quality cells to low quality ones, to initiate inter-frequency handover in the cells where the hard handover time-to-trigger timer expires
Page89
Page90
CIO
CIOOffset
Page91
HystForPrdInterFreq
Parameter name: HHO hysteresis Recommended value: 0, namely 0dB
TimeToTrigForPrdInterFreq
Parameter name: HHO period trigger delay time Recommended value: 0, namely 0ms
Page92
Event-triggered measurement report mode:
After receiving the event 2B measurement report, the RNC starts the following procedure:
Add all the pilot cells that trigger event 2B to a cell set and arrange the cells according to the measurement quality of CPICH_Ec/No in descending order
Select the cells in turn from the cell set to perform interfrequency handover
Page93
2B event:
The estimated quality of the currently used frequency is below a certain threshold and the estimated quality of a non-used frequency is above a certain threshold
Event 2B is triggered on the basis of the following formula: QNoused TNoused2b + H2b/2 QUsed TUsed2b - H2b/2
Page94
Page95
TargetFreqCsThdEcN0
Parameter name: Inter-freq CS target frequency trigger Ec/No THD
Recommended value: -12, namely -12dB
UsedFreqCSThdEcN0
Parameter name: Inter-freq CS Used frequency trigger Ec/No THD
Page96
Recommended values of 2B event:

Objective Target Cell Used Cell CS Ec/No threshold-12, namely -12dB -12, namely -12dB
PS Ec/No threshold -12, namely -12dB -12, namely -12dB
H Ec/No threshold -12, namely -12dB -12, namely -12dB
CS RSCP threshold -92, namely -92dBm

-92, namely -92dBm -92, namely Page97
PS RSCP threshold -92, namely
HystFor2B
Parameter name: 2B hysteresis Recommended value: 4, namely 2dB
TimeToTrig2B
Parameter name: 2B event trigger delay time Recommended value: D0, namely 0ms
Page98
Contents
2.
1.

1.
2.
1.
2.
3.
3.
Page99
Load-based Inter-Frequency Handover
Page100
Load-based Inter-Frequency Handover - Triggering Phase
Current cell
Heavy load
Target cell
Light load Blind handover flag is true
Target user
User with lower integrated priority
Page101
BlindHOFlag
Parameter name: Blind handover flag Recommended value: False
Page102
Load-based Inter-Frequency Handover - Decision Phase
Step 1: Based on the handover state, the RNC determines how to trigger an inter-frequency blind handover:
Perform direct blind handover, go to step 2 Perform conditional blind handover, go to step 3 Do not perform blind handover
Step 2: The RNC check whether the conditions of direct blind handover are met or not. If yes, UE perform direct blind handover. Otherwise, go to step 3 Step 3: The RNC check whether the conditions of conditional blind handover are met or not. If yes, UE perform conditional blind handover. Otherwise, not perform blind handover
Page103
Page104
HO_ALGO_LDR_ALLOW_SHO_SWITCH
Parameter name: HandOver switch Recommended value: ON
BlindHOQualityCondition
Parameter name: Blind handover condition Recommended value: -92, namely -92dBm
Page105
BlindHOIntrafreqMRInterval
Parameter name: Intrafrequency measurement report interval of blind HO
Recommended value: D250, namely 250ms
BlindHOIntrafreqMRAmount
Parameter name: Intrafrequency measurement report amount of blind handover
Recommended value: D2, namely 2 times
Page106
Contents
2.
1.

1.
2.
1.
2.
3.
3.
Page107
Blind Handover based on Event 1F
Blind handover in inter-frequency handover:
Load-based handover Speed-based handover from micro cell to macro cell 1F event triggered inter-frequency handover
Page108
Blind Handover based on Event 1F (Cont.)
1F event:
A PCPICH becomes worse than an absolute threshold Event 1F is triggered on the basis of the following formula: MOld T1f - H1f/2
Page109
IntraAblThdFor1FecNo
Parameter name: 1F event absolute EcNo threshold Recommended value: -24, namely -24dB
IntraAblThdFor1FRSCP
Parameter name: 1F event absolute RSCP threshold Recommended value: -115, namely -115dBm
Page110
Hystfor1F
Parameter name: 1F hysteresis Recommended value: 8, namely 4dB
TrigTime1F
Parameter name: 1F event trigger delay time Recommended value: D640, namely 640ms
BlindHORSCP1FThreshold
Parameter name: 1F event blind handover trigger condition Recommended value: -115, namely -115dBm
Page111
Contents
2.
1.

1.
2.
Coverage-based Inter-Frequency Handover QoS-based Inter-Frequency Handover Load-based Inter-Frequency Handover Speed-based Inter-Frequency Handover Blind Handover based on Event 1F Inter-Frequency anti-Ping-Pong Inter-Frequency Handover Retry
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
3.
Page112
Inter-Frequency anti-Ping-Pong
When a coverage-based inter-frequency handover or an inter-frequency blind handover based on event 1F occurs, the RNC starts the timer specified by IFAntiPingpangTimerLength for the UE When a non-coverage-based inter-frequency handover is triggered, first, the RNC determines whether the timer specified by IFAntiPingpangTimerLength expires
If the timer does not expire, the RNC cancels the handover If the timer expires, the RNC performs the handover
Page113
IFAntiPingpangTimerLength
Parameter name: The timer length of anti pingpong NCOV interfreq handover
Recommended value: 30, namely 30s
Page114
Contents
2.
1.
Inter-Frequency Handover Overview Inter-Frequency Handover Procedure Signaling Procedures for Inter-Frequency Handover
2.
3.
Page115
Signaling Procedures for InterFrequency Handover
Intra-RNC inter-frequency handover:
Page116
Signaling Procedures for InterFrequency Handover (Cont.)
Inter-RNC inter-frequency handover:
Page117
Contents
1. 2. 3.
Page118
Contents
3.
Inter-RAT Handover
1.
Inter-RAT Handover Overview Inter-RAT Handover Procedure Signaling Procedures for Inter-RAT Handover
2.
3.
Page119
Inter-RAT Handover Scenarios
Page120
Inter-RAT Handover Types
Based on the triggering causes of handover, interfrequency handover can be categorized into three types:
Coverage-based 3G to 2G handover Load-based 3G to 2G handover Service-based 3G to 2G handover
Page121
Inter-RAT Handover Preconditions
Before handover, the RNC checks whether all the following preconditions for the 3G to 2G handover are met:
2G cell capability Service capability UE capability Service handover indicator
Page122
Page123
Inter-RAT Handover Rules
Rules for coverage-based and QoS-based 3G to 2G Handover:
Service handover indicator:
HO_TO_GSM_SHOULD_BE_PERFORM HO_TO_GSM_SHOULD_NOT_BE_PERFORM
Three types of capability:
Refer to the following table
Page124
Inter-RAT Handover Rules (Cont.)
Rules for Load-based 3G to 2G Handover:
Service handover indicator:
HO_TO_GSM_SHOULD_BE_PERFORM HO_TO_GSM_SHOULD_NOT_BE_PERFORM
Refer to the following table
Page125
Inter-RAT Handover Rules (Cont.)
Rules for service-based 3G to 2G Handover
Service Handover Indicator
HO_TO_GSM_SHOULD_BE_PERFORM
Refer to the table of load-based handover
Service switch
Page126
Contents
3.
Inter-RAT Handover
1.
Inter-RAT Handover Overview Inter-RAT Handover Procedure

1.
2.
Coverage-based Inter-RAT Handover Load-based Inter-RAT Handover Service-based Inter-RAT Handover UMTS to GSM Multimedia Fallback
2.
3.
4.
3.
Signaling Procedures for Inter-RAT Handover
Page127
Coverage-based Inter-RAT Handover
Page128
Coverage-based Inter-RAT Handover - Triggering Phase
Triggering event:
2D event:
The estimated quality of the currently used frequency is below a certain threshold
2F event:
The estimated quality of the currently used frequency is above a certain threshold
Page129
Coverage-based Inter-RAT Handover Events
2D event:
Event 2D is triggered on the basis of the following formula: QUsed TUsed2d - H2d/2
Page130
Parameters of Inter-RAT Handover
Recommended values of 2D event:

Parameter InterRATCSThd2DEcN0 InterRATR99PsThd2DEcN0 InterRATHThd2DEcN0 InterRATCSThd2DRSCP InterRATR99PsThd2DRSCP InterRATHThd2DRSCP HystFor2D TimeToTrig2D Recommended Value -14, namely -14dB -15, namely -15dB -15, namely-15dB -100, namely -100dBm -110, namely -110dBm -110, namely -110dBm 4, namely 2dB D320, namely 320ms
Page131
Coverage-based Inter-RAT Handover Events (Cont.)
2F event:
Event 2F is triggered on the basis of the following formula: QUsed TUsed2f + H2f/2
Page132
Parameters of Inter-RAT Handover (Cont.)
Recommended values of 2F event:

Parameter InterRATCSThd2FEcN0 InterRATR99PsThd2FEcN0 InterRATHThd2FEcN0 InterRATCSThd2FRSCP InterRATR99PsThd2FRSCP InterRATHThd2FRSCP HystFor2F TimeToTrig2F Recommended Value -12, namely -12dB -13, namely -13dB -13, namely-13dB -97, namely -97dBm -107, namely -107dBm -107, namely -107dBm 4, namely 2dB D1280, namely 1280ms
Page133
Interoperability between Inter-RAT and Inter-Frequency Handover
Inter-frequency measurement:
2D, 2F event Inter-frequency neighboring cell

Measure interfrequency neighbor?
Inter-RAT measurement:
2D, 2F event Inter-RAT neighboring cell

Measure inter-RAT neighbor?
Page134
InterFreqRATSwitch
Parameter name: Inter-freq and Inter-RAT coexist switch
Recommended value: SIMINTERFREQRAT
CoexistMeasThdChoice
Parameter name: InterFreq and InterRat coexist measure threshold choice
Recommended value: COEXIST_MEAS_THD_CHOICE_INTERFREQ
Page135
Coverage-based Inter-RAT Handover - Measurement Phase
UE
RNC
Measurement report (2D) Physical Channel Recfg (CM) Physical Channel Recfg Complet (CM) Measurement control (RSCP or Ec/No)
Page136
Coverage-based Inter-RAT Handover - Measurement Phase (Cont.)
Measurement report:
UE
Measurement report Measurement report Measurement report Handover
RNC
UE
RNC
Measurement report (3A) Handover
Event Reporting
Page137
InterRatReportMode
Parameter name: Inter-RAT report mode Recommended value: PERIODICAL_REPORTING
InterRATPeriodReportInterval
Parameter name: Inter-RAT period report interval Recommended value: D1000, namely 1000ms
Page138
InterRATMeasTime
Parameter name: Inter-RAT measure timer length Recommended value: 60, namely 60s
MeasQuantityOf3A
Parameter name: 3A Measure Quantity Recommended value: Auto, namely based on the 2D
Page139
Coverage-based Inter-RAT Handover - Decision Phase
The coverage-based and QoS-based 3G to 2G handover is categorized into two types according to the following two measurement report modes:
Periodical measurement report mode Event-triggered measurement report mode
Each mode corresponds to a different decision and execution procedure
Page140
Coverage-based Inter-RAT Handover - Decision Phase (Cont.)
RNC decide whether the quality of 2G cells meets the conditions of inter-RAT handover. The evaluation formula is listed below:
Mother_RAT + CIOother_RAT Tother_RAT + H/2
Start the evaluation of the cells that meet the quality requirement and start the time-to-trigger timer. If the measurement report meet the following formula and time-totrigger timer does not expire, stop the time-to-trigger timer
Mother_RAT + CIOother_RAT < Tother_RAT - H/2
Select the cells in sequence, that is, from high quality cells to low quality ones, to initiate 3G to 2G handover in the cells where the handover time-to-trigger timer expires
Page141
CIO
CIOOffset
Page142
HystforInterRAT
Parameter name: Inter-RAT hysteresis Recommended value: 0, namely 0dB
TimeToTrigForVerify
Parameter name: Time to trigger for verified GSM cell Recommended value: 0, namely 0ms
TimeToTrigForNonVerify
Parameter name: Time to trigger for non-verified GSM cell Recommended value: 0, namely 0msPage143
Event-triggered measurement report mode:
After receiving the event 3A measurement report of 2G cells, the RNC performs the following decision and execution procedures:
Put all the 2G cells that trigger event 3A into a cell set and arrange the cells according to the measurement quality in descending order
Select the cells in sequence from the cell set to perform inter-RAT handover
Page144
3A event:
The estimated quality of the currently used UTRAN frequency is below a certain threshold and the estimated quality of the other system is above a certain threshold
Event 3A is triggered on the basis of the following Q formula: OtherRAT + CIOOtherRAT TOtherRAT + H3a/2 QUsed TUsed - H3a/2
Page145
UsedFreqCSThdEcN0
Parameter name: Inter-RAT CS Used frequency trigger Ec/No THD
TargetRatCsThd
Parameter name: Inter-RAT CS handover decision THD
Recommended value: 16, namely -95dBm
Page146
Recommended values of 3A event:

Used cell Target cell CS threshold: 16, namely -95dBm
CS Ec/No threshold: -12, namely -12dB PS Ec/No threshold: -13, namely -13dB H Ec/No threshold: -13, namely -13dB CS RSCP threshold: -97, namely -97dBm
PS threshold: 16, namely -95dBm
PS RSCP threshold: -107, namely -107dBmH threshold: 16, namely -95dBm
H RSCP threshold: -107, namely -107dBm
Page147
Hystfor3A
Parameter name: 3A hysteresis Recommended value: 4, namely 2dB
TrigTime3A
Parameter name: 3A event trigger delay time Recommended value: D0, namely 0ms
Page148
Contents
3.
Inter-RAT Handover
1.

1.
2.
2.
3.
4.
3.
Page149
Load-based Inter-RAT Handover
Page150
InterRATMeasTime
Parameter name: Inter-RAT measure timer length Recommended value: 60, namely 60s
Page151
Load-based Inter-RAT Handover Decision Phase
3C event:
The estimated quality of other system is above a certain threshold
Event 3C is triggered on the basis of the following formula: MOtherRAT + CIOOtherRAT TOtherRAT + H3c/2
Page152
InterRATNCovHOCSThd
Parameter name: Inter-RAT CS handover decision THD
InterRATNCovHOPSThd
Parameter name: Inter-RAT PS handover decision THD
Page153
Hystfor3C
Parameter name: 3C hysteresis Recommended value: 0, namely 0dB
TrigTime3C
Parameter name: 3C event trigger delay time Recommended value: D640, namely 640ms
Page154
Load-based Inter-RAT Handover Execution Phase
After receiving the event 3C measurement report of 2G cells, the RNC performs the following handover decision and execution procedure:
Put all the 2G cells that trigger event 3C into a cell set and arrange the cells according to the measurement quality in descending order
Select the cells in sequence from the cell set
Page155
Page156
SndLdInfo2GsmInd
Parameter name: Send Load Info to GSM Ind Recommended value: ON
NcovHoOn2GldInd
Parameter name: NCOV Reloc Ind based on GSM cell load
Recommended value: ON
Page157
CSHOOut2GloadThd
Parameter name: CS domain Reloc GSM load THD Recommended value: 80, namely 80%
PSHOOut2GloadThd
Parameter name: PS domain Reloc GSM load THD Recommended value: 60, namely 60%
Page158
InterRATHOAttempts
Parameter name: Inter-RAT handover max attempt times
Recommended value: 16
Page159
Contents
3.
Inter-RAT Handover
1.

1.
2.
2.
3.
4.
3.
Page160
Service-based Inter-RAT Handover
Page161
CSServiceHOSwitch
Parameter name: Inter-RAT CS handover switch Recommended value: OFF
PSServiceHOSwitch
Parameter name: Inter-RAT PS handover switch Recommended value: OFF
Page162
Contents
3.
Inter-RAT Handover
1.

1.
2.
2.
3.
4.
3.
Page163
UMTS to GSM Multimedia Fallback
VP service:
AMR service:
Speech Video
Speech
GSM
WCDMA
VP
AMR
AMR
Page164
Contents
3.
Inter-RAT Handover
1.
Inter-RAT Handover Overview Inter-RAT Handover Procedure Signaling Procedures for Inter-RAT Handover
2.
3.
Page165
Signaling Procedures for CS InterRAT Handover
Page166
Page167
Thank you
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Revision Record

Course Code Product

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Update RNP&RNO Team Bug Correction

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

WCDMA Handover Algorithm and Parameters

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Why mobile system need handover?

The mobility of UE Load Balance Any others?

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:

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The Basic Concepts of Handover

Maximum ratio combination

Selective combination Soft handover gain PCPICH

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Intra-Frequency Handover Inter-Frequency Handover Inter-RAT Handover

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Intra-Frequency Handover Inter-Frequency Handover Inter-RAT Handover

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Intra-Frequency Handover Types

Intra-frequency soft handover Intra-frequency hard handover

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Intra-Frequency Handover Types (Cont.)

Comparison between soft handover and hard handover:

The frequencies of cells Only happened between Intrafrequency cells

Can be happened in Intrafrequency cells or Interfrequency cells

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Intra-Frequency Soft Handover

The types of intra-frequency soft handover are as follows:

Intra-NodeB soft handover (also known as softer handover)

Intra-RNC inter-NodeB soft handover Inter-RNC soft handover

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Intra-Frequency Soft Handover (cont.)

Comparison between soft handover and softer handover: Item

overlapped coverage area of two overlapped coverage area of

Using maximum-ratio combination Occupying more Iub bandwidth

Resource use Occupying less Iub bandwidth

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Intra-Frequency Hard Handover

Intra-frequency hard handover:

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Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Intra-Frequency Handover Procedure

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Intra-Frequency Handover Overview Intra-Frequency Handover Procedure

Signaling Procedures for Intra-Frequency Handover

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement (Cont.)

UTRAN MEASUREMENT REPORT

Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement (Cont.)

Measurement model in the WCDMA system:

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Parameters of Intra-Frequency Measurement

Parameter name: Intra-freq Measure Quantity Recommended value: CPICH_EC/NO

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Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement Events