Destructive development

For several decades the environment has been experiencing stress due to human tampering with the worlds interdependent web of life weaved with air, land and water
environmental damages lead to deforestation, species loss, climate changes and so on

Obsession of growth
Obsession of growth has become the opium of the people

Mans reckless pursuit of modern lifestyle

Mans reckless pursuit of modern lifestyle Accelerated economic growth Host of economic problems Its effects on every sphere of life

Environmental Management
Is not the management of the environment Is the management of the humankinds interaction with and the impact on the environment Is not the conservation of the environment for environmental sake But the conservation of the environment for humankinds sake

Environmental Management
The core of environmental management is the sustainable development Environmental management involves the management of all components of biophysical environment, both living (Biotic) and non living (abiotic) It is the study of the relationship of human environment such as social, cultural and economic environment with the bio physical environment

Environmental Economics
Environmental economics is concerned with resource conservation in production and the value of bio-diversity to humans Greater emphasis to the interaction of the human economy and the natural environment Economy is three-fifth of ecology Mike Nickerson Sub fields: Environmental finance, natural capitalism, measurement of well being Once distinct from resource economics, but now became associated with sustainability and radical green economics

Man and Environment

Study of environment is a multi dimensional activity Man and environment are two words that have invaded all spheres known to recorded history Ultimately focus attention on nature and its compnents land water or diversity of living forms Nature its design and purpose are best understood by human beings Mans attempts to conquer natural processes have boomeranged It caused irreversible and irreparable damage to nature Man has been at the receiving end whenever and wherever he tried to dictate terms while dealing with nature

Man and his living

Over the years man has achieved unbelievable progress with his intellect Many land mark discoveries have contributed towards better living in many ways Some of the activities undertaken to improve the quality of life have back fired Mainly due to lack of foresight and inability to foresee long term effects Environmental pollution, acid rain, ozone depletion, open house effects, cancer and other health hazards are few of such hazards Population explosion, compelling industrialization has caused degradation of the earth Life on planet earth is at great risk. Earth ceases to be a planet of living systems

Modern growthModern growth- competitive consumption- standard of living of the growing population

Depletion of resources
The impact of growth on the stocks of planet's resources Depletion of resources degradation of environment

Darker side of Economic Growth

Attaining economic development by any means Paradigm shifts of economic development Darker side of economic growth

Natural Resources
The role of natural resources and environmental factors in development

Mass Production
Perpetual growth and finite system Mass production creating crisis to masses

Pollution and others

Pollution, depletion of resources, conflicts in sharing resources

Effects of Development
Effects of development on environment Environmental impact of developmental project Worry of the adverse effects of industrial development

Aggressive Advertisement

Excessive demand

Conspicuous consumption

Danger to environment

Excessive Profit

Mass Production

Vicious influence of industrialization

Materialistic mindset

Mechanization Of production

Mechanism of advertisement

Natural, ecological Environmental disturbances

Mindless destruction of Natural resources

Multiplication of wants

Vicious influence of industrialization

Population Growth
Do you believe that the population growth should very well be in harmony with the changing productive potential of the eco system

Economic Growth
Do you believe that economic growth and development take place at the cost of the national eco system

Exploitation of natural resources

Does economic growth imply the exploitation of natural resources?

Threat to the Ecology

Is the rising population in India posing great threat to the ecology and environment?

Challenge to Envtal. Quality

Is poverty a major challenge towards achieving environmental quality?

Effect on Envtal. Resources

Do you agree that economic activities have a direct bearing on the natural and environmental resources?

Eco-friendly models
New gained attention of experts The concept of eco friendly models of development

Sustainable Development
the concept of sustainable development is by no means new. Indian literature of Vedic times has a number of reference in respect of sustainable use of water, land and living resources sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present, without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
Report of world Commission on environment and Development (WCED) Our common Future

Sustainable Development
the history of sustainability in reality is the history of environment

Sustainable Development
Sustainable development which directs man to live in harmony with nature reduces the distance between man and Nature
Development which aims at the efficient use of human and natural resources. Human development is a pre condition to natural development

Sustainable development
Environmentally sound process of economic development A new development paradigm Practical guide to the humanity Brings together man nature and development for a better future A Futuristic Philosophy The master concept of 21st century The main item in the agenda of world summits A healthy model for the progress Development without destruction Alternative pattern of development Development through sustainable methods

Envtal.Aspects
Incorporation of environmental aspects in development of policy matters

Sustainable Devt.
The concept of sustainable development in industrialisation

Accessability
Accessibility and attainability Equitability and sustainability

Principles of Stewardship
The concept of sustainable development is based on the principle of stewardship

Responsible Use
Responsible use of human and natural resources Achieving a balance between economic growth and environmental quality

Respect for Environment

Economic growth-better and healthier lives-respect for environment

Future Generation
In meeting current needs one should not forget the future generation

Future Well being

Future well being of the people should not be prejudiced nor sacrificed for short term gain

No Denial
The development should not deny future generations the best of today's environmental pleasures and plentitudes

The Balance
The process of growth and development should not disturb the balance in the eco system

Complementary & competitive

Environment and economic growth are both complementary and competitive Complementary for the developing countries, and competitive for the developed countries

No Confrontation
Confrontation between the economists and environmentalist be avoided

A Trade off
A trade off between the objective of environmental protection and economic growth is attained through the concept of sustainable development

Ecological Imperatives
Do you think that under the pressure of developmental requirements and removal of poverty we lost sight of environmental and ecological imperatives?

The Agenda
Do you believe that environmental planning was on the agenda of the planners of our nation?

Integral Part
Do you agree that the issue of environmental sustainability an integral part of Indian planning and policy making?

Public Private Interface

Would you suggest partnership of public and private sector cooperation in environmental protection?

Capabilities of Scientific Communities

How do you utilize the capabilities of our scientific communities to lead our people to a cleaner and greener century?

Survival or Quality of Life

In Indian context environmental management is a matter of survival whereas in developed nation it is a matter of quality of life?

Natures Principle
Environmental management must follow natures principle; first create and then grow

Efficient Envtal. Management

Efficient environmental management is an absolute necessity to avoid the over use and abuse of natural resources

The Economic Mind

Do you believe that thinking economically about environment is essential to meeting the goal of sustainable development?

The Health of the Planet

The health of the planet is the health of the people. Produced wealth doesnt mean the creation of health either of the people or of the planet. comment?

Gross National Happiness

Gross National Product (GNP) should be attained through Gross Natural products (GNP). Then only we are able to attain Gross National Happiness (GNH)

Two Centuries
20th century is the century of economics and 21st century the century of environment. Discuss?

Natural Resources and the Quality of Envt.

Economic progress depends up on the stock of natural resources as well as the quality of environment. Discuss

Economic Growth and Protection of Envt.

Environment and development are interrelated and that promotion of economic growth and protection of environment should go together

For the Entire Planet

Real development is not just the progress in few places for few years but for the entire planet in to the distant future

Initiatives to sustainability

Healthy model for the progress Eco-economic management of resources Optimum use and satisfaction Restoration of degraded resources Maintenance of production resources Enlargement of resource base Wise use of renewable resources An all-round human development Integrated and holistic development Opportunity to satisfy the aspirations of all Non-exploitation of others and non violence Equitable opportunities for all Equal access to natural resources Efficient use of energy and other natural resources Conserving and enhancing resources

Unity of Economics and Ecology

Sustainable development requires the unification of economics and ecology in order to promote development and protect environment

Affluence and Effluents

The demand for environmental quality has registered a sharp increase due to the affluence while the supply of clean air, water and other environmental services have declined due to effluents

Why ?
Why our production process slows down and our consumption rate scales sky high? Why our production process fails to pace with population growth?

The Four Aspects

Competitive consumption Contributive consumption Constructive consumption Creative consumption

Essential requirements for attaining sustainable development

Political system Economic system Social System Production system Technological system International system Administrative system Spiritual system

:peoples participation in :decision making

Self reliant and sustainable Equity, access, free from conflicts harmony Respect for ecological consideration Innovative, problem-solving sustainable pattern of trade and finance flexible, capacity for self correction Values and ethics

Tri-dimensional sustainability
Social dimension
Health Safety Quality of life Protection of disabled Economic dimension Production Creation of wealth Efficiency Waste management Value addition

Environmental dimension Protection of environment Waste management Renewable resources

Dimensions of Sustainable Development

HUMAN BEINGS

SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

CULTURE SOCIETY POLITY ECONOMY

CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT

POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

NATURE

ECOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT

Economic dimension of Sustainable Development

Economics is the system of deciding how to allocate limited resources for meeting the needs and wants of a Society The major activity of economics is to sell, buy or barter goods or services, or both, at local regional, national or international Level The ability of a country to buy most of what most people desire Is an indication of its economic growth

Economic dimension of Sustainable Development

The sustainable economic growth of a country depends not only on the economic goals but also on the social and environmental goals, policies and strategies

Economic dimension of Sustainable Development

Economic issues are closely linked to environmental concerns for example over exploitation of renewable resources would undercut a countrys economy Concerns and issues related to the environment are inextricably linked to economic issues such as poverty

Economic dimension of Sustainable Development

Poverty has been shown to drive people to indulge in destructive activities like felling of trees for fuel, enhancing agricultural Lands, over exploitation of water resources etc In order to maintain environmental quality and ecological balance, concerned agencies should develop policies that link the environmental sector with both economic growth and social needs

Linkage among

social, economic and environmental indicators

Air quality Health Education Economic development

crime
Culture

Natural resources

Economic dimension of Sustainable Development

The ability of a country to buy most of what most people Desire is an indication of its economic growth The sustainable economic growth of a country depends not only on the economic goals but also on the social and environmental goals, policies and strategies

Economic dimension of Sustainable Development

Economics is the system of deciding how to allocate limited resources that will be used to meet the needs and wants of a Society The major activity of economics is to sell, buy or barter goods or services, or both, at local regional, national or international Level

Assessing Performance of sustainable Development

ECONOMIC OBJEVTIVE SOCIAL OBJECTIVE
ENVIRONMENTAL

Growth, shareholders value, Efficiency, Innovation, sustainable growth Empowerment and equity, social mobility Social cohesion, cultural identity Ecosystem integrity, climate integrity, Carrying capacity

OBJECTIVE

Summing Up Proper allocation of natural resources for meeting the needs and wants of the entire society Equitable distribution and effective exchange of commodities Economic, social and environmental dimensions of sustainable development No more over exploitation of renewable resources Environmental issues (Pollution) economic issues (Poverty), climate change and consumption Poverty-felling of trees for fuels, converting forest lands into farms, exploitation of water resources

Summing Up

Directs man to live in harmony with nature Reduces the distance between man and nature Efficient use of human and natural resources Human development as a pre-condition Improvement in health and safety Improved quality of life Protection of the sick and disabled Continuous production, creative consumption Creation of wealth higher than consumption

Summing Up

Efficient utilization of resources Effective waste management Value addition Protection of environment No human tampering with nature No exploitation and violence to none Less environmental damages Checked deforestation, protection of wild life Conservation of bio diversity

Sustainable Industrialization
A management paradigm Integration of environmental consideration at every stage of decision making From resource extraction to disposal of the product Every transformation generates environmental Impact This calls for an eco centric approach in production

stages of decision making

Design and manufacturing

Material extraction

Primary processing

Disposal

Use

Distribution

Eco centric management

Rests on the holistic view of the human community Man is integral part of nature Nature is not simply a resource to be used for human welfare

Nature has the right to exist and function normally

Eco centric management

Use the nature with care and responsibility Eliminate environmental damages Promote a lifestyle that is in harmony with nature

It is the first step towards sustainable industrialization

Sustainable Industrialization Benefits

Lower cost of raw materials
Lower energy costs

Lower waste disposal costs

Reduced liability for cleaning up contamination

Sustainable Industrialization Benefits

Few regulatory complications Lower operational and maintenance costs Lower employee, public and environmental risks Better employee morale, productivity and product quality

Some Related Areas

Ecological marketing
A new marketing approach
Promotes re-consumption

Increase the ability to use and reuse

Re-consumption over generations (life cycle usage) Non purchasing conservation activity

Four rules of Green marketing

Reduction of consumer needs Encouraging re-consumption Reorientation of marketing mix Reorganizing

Terms used in Marketing strategies

Degradable Bio degradable Photo gradable Compostable Recyclable Refillable Ozone friendly Eco-friendly Recycled contents Eco labeling

Valdez Principle
A litmus test for corporate behavior Prescribes the following for achieving sustainable industrialization Protection of biosphere Sustainable use of natural resources Reduction and disposal of waste Wise use of energy Risk reduction Marketing of safe production and services Damage compensation

Welfare economics
Welfare economics is a branch of economics that uses micro economic techniques to simultaneously determine allocational efficiency and the income distribution associated with

It attempts to maximize the level of social welfare by examining the economic activities of the individuals that comprises society

Social Responsiveness of Business

The ability of the corporation to relate its operations and policies to the social environment that are mutually beneficial to the company and the society. Business organization must function as part of a larger social system, because they are in fact part of that system

Social Responsibility
An intelligent and objective concern for the welfare of the society that restrains individuals and corporate behavior from ultimately destructive activities K.R.Andrews The business must recognize and understand the aspirations of the society and resolve to contribute to its achievement Howard Bowen

Ecological Responsibility of Business

Avoid misuse of national resources and economic power Business men are obliged to use the productive resources for the common good of the society They should reduce the amount of effluents which damage the surrounding environment They are duty bound to repair the damage by recognizing their ecological responsibility towards society

Green Economics
An approach to economics in which the economy is considered to be a component of the natural world It takes the widest possible view of stakeholders of a transaction to include impacts of nature, non human species, planet, earth sciences, the biosphere It includes the environmental economics and ecological economics It is careful to include principles of social equity at the core of its concerns It emphasizes on eco systems as the right starting point for economics Growthism in economics disrupts and destroys growth of the life supporting capacity of the natural ecosystems

Eco sensitive efforts for a healthy living

High pitched fast life endangers our existence Exploiting the nature has its strong opposite reactions Use the resources, do not misuse it, never abuse it Let us use the leaves and fruits and leave the tree to live Let us draw milk from the cow, let us not kill them This is the real ahimsa, the dharmic way of living

What we need today

Stop endangering ourselves by our bad habits Stop exploitation of the earth through commercialization Imbibe eco friendly attitude in our activities Ensure economy in the utilization resources Ensure vital economy (pranasakthi mitavyayam) in human life

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30.

Acid rain and environmental efficiency Bio-farming Bio-friendly living Biological hazards Biosphere Club of Rome Conservation strategy Consumerism its impact Corporate environmental responsibility Declining resources its impact Deforestation Demographic advantage Earth Summit Eco-friendly industrialization Eco-friendly products Eco-friendly technologies Ecological engineering Ecology and economics Ecology and environment Economic development Environment and bio-technology Environment and corporate lifestyle Environment and human activities Environment and industrialization Environment and population explosion Environment and quality of life Environment and urbanization Environmental Accounting Environmental audit Environmental Audit

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30.

Environmental economics Environmental ethics Environmental Impact Assessment Environmental management Environmental performance Environmental pollution Environmental social responsibility Evergreen revolution Genetically Modified Crops Greenhouse effect and global warming Greenhouse gases Greening the globe Health and environment Hundred years of emission Important health hazards Intellectual Property rights Kyoto protocol Limits to growth Man and environment Ozone depletion its effect on environment Radical green economics Reforestation Renewable energy industries Renewable resource industries Resource conservation Rio- declaration Stock home agreement Sustainable development Sustainable ecosystems What is techno sphere

Corporate environmental responsibility Environmental economics Environmental management Environmental performance Man and environment Environment and human activities Environment and quality of life Environmental pollution Acid rain and environmental efficiency Ozone depletion its effect on environmental efficiency Greenhouse effect and global warming Environment and population explosion Environment and industrialization Greening the globe Eco-friendly industrialization Renewable energy industries Renewable resource industries Eco-friendly technologies Bio-farming Environmental Impact Assessment Environment and urbanization Health and environment Important health hazards Biological hazards Environment and bio-technology Demographic advantage Environment and corporate lifestyle Resource conservation What is techno sphere

Eco-friendly products Environmental ethics Intellectual Property rights Genetically Modified Crops Consumerism its impact Ecology and environment Ecological engineering Sustainable ecosystems Biosphere Environmental audit Economic development Sustainable development Deforestation Reforestation Declining resources its impact Limits to growth Club of Rome Stock home agreement Conservation strategy Earth Summit Rio- declaration Kyoto protocol Environmental social responsibility Ecology and economics Evergreen revolution Hundred years of emission Greenhouse gases Bio-friendly living Radical green economics

Questions
1. 2. The health of the planet determines the health of the people. Discuss? 20th century was the century of economics. The 21st century will be a century of environment. Discuss? Do you think that developmental activities are real threats to the environment? Discuss? What is the significance of environmental management in modern world? How can the relation between population and economic growth be viewed from the angle of sustainable development? Discuss the industrialization as a tool to enhance the quality of life with out environmental damage? Elucidate the environmental problems created by urban agglomerations? What are the risks posed by GM crops to the environment? Is consumerism the principal cause of pollution? Elucidate Explain the application of biotechnology with reference to environment?

3.
4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Questions
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Ecology is being recognized as an interface between environment and technology. Explain Explain the impacts of human interaction on environmental and social components? Distinguish between the exploitation of resources and the exploration of resources What is sustainable development? Enumerate the economic dimensions of sustainable development What is the role of women empowerment in sustainable development? What are the prerequisites for sustainable development? What is limits to growth? How do you justify the concept of no-growth in a developing economy? Explain the concept of sustainable industrialization?

References
Uberoi N.K., Environmental Management, Excel Books, New Delhi Pandey G.N., Environmental Management, Vikas, New Delhi Eugene T, Environmental Economics, Vrinda Publications, New Delhi Muraleevallabhan T.V., Dimensions of Sustainable Economic Development, UNMA Publications Nooranad Karpagam. M. Environmental Economics, Sterling Publishers New Delhi Gautam Sharma, Environment, Man and Nature, Reliance Publishing House, Delhi Shankar Ulganathan, Environmental Economics, OUP, Delhi