Doing Business with Asia

Asian History

INTRODUCTION

Great empires and cultures

Cultural, social, economical, linguistic and religious differences are enormous and complex

One of the great centers of human civilization

China

Japan
India South Korea Thailand Philippines Indonesia Australia

CHINA

CHINA
Chinese society has progressed through five major stages: 1. primitive society, 2. slave society, 3. feudal society, 4. semi-feudal and semi-colonial society, and

5. socialist society.

CHINA
China was ruled by strong dynasties for thousands of years.

The first recorded dynasty: The Hsia (existed around 2200 B.C).The last one: The Ching (ended in 1911)

Some of the most important cultural achievements in history were produced during this time: papermaking, the compass, gunpowder, and movable printing

CHINA
After the fall of the last dynastu, Sun Yat-Sen founded the Republic of China and was succeeded by Chiang, Kai-shek in 1927.

Mao Tse-tungs communist forces took control in 1949 and The People's Republic of China was established.

CHINA
Mao declared: China is against imperialism, feudalism, bureaucracy, and struggle for independence, democracy, peace and unity Mao promoted collective farming and nationalized commerce and industry, which had been private up until that point. He tried to make China communism society complete by every means.

CHINA
Great Leap Forward (1958) The Cultural Revolution (CR). (1966 1976) Reform of the economy (1976 1997)
Hua Guofeng: Four Modernization

MODERN ERA
Deng Xiaoping

Jiang Zemin

Hu Jintao

JAPAN

JAPAN
Japan has been ocuppied for thousands of years.

Historically, Japan resisted outside influences, and frequentry closed itself to foreigners.

United States forced Japan to foreign markets in 1853 when Commodore Perry sailed his fleet into Tokyo Bay.

JAPAN
Restoration
Term commonly applied to the political changes in Japan that returned power to the imperial house in 1868

Mutsuhito (later known by his reign name: Meiji) Promulgation of the Meiji Constitution (1889)

JAPAN
Japan invaded neighboring nations:
Korea was annexed in 1910, Manchuria in 1931 China property was invaded in 1937

Japan surrendered to the Allies in 1945, and was occupied until 1952.

JAPAN
The United States, wishing to demilitarize and democratize Japan, instituted many reforms after World War II.

These efforts included a decrease in the power of the emperor and decentralization of the government

INDIA

INDIA
Indian subcontinent has been home to advanced civilizations since before recorded history It has also known its share of invaders
The Aryans (predecessors of the hindus) conquered most of the subcontinent before 1500 B.C. The muslim moghuls ruled much of India until the advent of the european invaders. The portuguese first arrived in 1489. French, dutch and english trader followed.

INDIA
The British East India Company became ascendant, essentially ruling India from 1760 to 1858, when India was formally transferred to the British Crown. India became an independent country in 1947.
British India was partitioned into primarily hindu India and mostly Muslim Pakistan.

SOUTH KOREA

SOUTH KOREA
Koreas original name: Choson, meant land of the morning calm The cocuntry history has been shaped by frequent invasions from its neighbors.

Korean history in divided into three main periods:

The Silla (668 935) Koryo (935 1392), and Yi (1392 1910)

SOUTH KOREA
Foreign influence direct and indirect ocurred throughout these dynasties. All of the Koreas foreign overlords (mongolian, chinese, and japanese) instituted a closed door policy in order to solidify their rule. This isolation earned Korea the name of the Hermit Kingdom.

SOUTH KOREA
Japan annexed Korea (1910)
Outlawing korean culture and language.

After World War II, the United States and the Sovietic Union jointly established temporaru administrative trusteeship over Korea until democratic elections could be held.
Two sides Prowestern government was established in the south Later the Soviet Union established the Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea in the nort.

SOUTH KOREA
North Korea forces invaded South Korea (1950)

Armistice (1953)

THAILAND

THAILAND
Thailand was peopled in prehistoric times thorugh successive migrations from central Asia. Evidence of bronze age civilizations in northeast Thailand illustrate the high level of thecnology achieved prehistoric people in South Asia. Eleventh century:
The thai people began migrating from southern China.

Thirteenth to the early twentieth century

The country was called Siam.

THAILAND
1939
The name was changed to Thailand

Thailand was ruled by absolute monarchy until a group of foreign-educated Thais directed a military and civilian coup detat in June of 1932.
Absolute monarchy was replaced with a constitutional monarchy.
The current nation can be dated to that period.

THAILAND

1949:
Thailand was occupied by Japan

After World War II, Thailand followed a pro Western foreign policy

PHILIPPINES

PHILIPPINES
Chinese began to trade with the filipinos in the tenth century A.D.
Arab trader introduce Islam to the Philippines in the fourteenth century. The portuguese navigator Magellan led a spanish fleet to the Philippines in 1521 and named the islands after King Philip II of Spain.

PHILIPPINES
The spaniards subsequently ruled for 350 years and brought catholicism to the islands, as well as the latino attitudes and traditions that are now a major part of the filipino makeup.
After the Spanish-American War, the Philippines were ceded to the United States in 1899. The japanese conquered the Philippines in 1941.

PHILIPPINES
The Philippines were liberated in 1945 by Allied troops.

Full independence for the Philippines came in 1946

INDONESIA

INDONESIA
Thanks to its central location, Indonesia has been trading outpost for many centuries. Chinese trading settlements in Indonesia were established as early as the third century B.C. However, it was indian trader who eventuallu had greatest influence upon early Indonesia. By the second century A.D., several small states had organized on Indian models and flourished on Sumatra, Java, and Borneo.

INDONESIA
Majapahit Empire is considered a unifying cultural heritage in modern Indonesia. Contact with Europe began in the sixteenth century. Beginning in 1511 the portuguese dominated the region from their base ina Malacca, in neighboring Malaysia. The Dutch arrived in 1596; they eventually reduced portuguese holdings in Indonesia to the eastern half of the island of Timor.

INDONESIA
Indonesia was ruled by the Dutch East India Company from 1602 to 1798, when the Dutch government took direct control. Nationalist sentiments grew during the early twentieth century, but Indonesia remained a Dutch colony until World War II. The japanese occupied Indonesia from 1942 to 1945. During this occupation, native Indonesians were finally placed in positions of power.

INDONESIA
Sukarno, declared Indonesia an independent republic on August 17, 1945, The Deutch fought to regain control of Indonesia, but they finally relinquished all claims to their former colony in 1949