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SPACE STANDARDS
LIVING ROOM most of the primary activities take place in the living room. The type of activity will decide the furniture requirements and its arrangement. Eg: relaxing receiving guests, entertainment with kids. DINING ROOM Sufficient clearance in the furniture layout should be provided around the furniture to allow activities to take place freely.
LIVING ROOM
BEDROOM Sufficient moving should be provided around the furniture. Atleast one of the wall on the bed room should be an external wall. It should be located in such a way that sunlight enters the room in the morning and good breeze in the night.
BEDROOM
BATHROOM It is provided with attached bath and water closet. Good ventilation should be provided. The position of closet,wash basin must be carefully located to get best utilization. The floor level of the lavatory should be 1140mm and the floor level of the bath area should be about 10mm below with respect to the floor level outside the toilet.
BATHROOM
KITCHEN The work area of the kitchen is used to place the sink,cooking stove etc.. Ready to use modular kitchens are available in various colours. It can be installed and be completly functional in less than 72 hours.
KITCHEN
LIGHTING
Lighting refers to the useful energy output of a system consisting of light source, fixtures to support them in appropriate locations,wiring channels to activate the light source and the convenient electrical control. GENERAL LIGHTING Provides overall illumination TASK LIGHTING Supplies requirement illumination for specific tasks such as reading,painting etc... ACCENT LIGHTING Refers to decorative element to the area by lighting the particular objects of features in the area.
COLOUR
Colour is the most powerful element of designing. A understanding of colour gives a pleasing, personal and comfortable home. The three categories of colour PRIMARY COLOURS These are basic colours from which other colours are derived.Eg: Red, blue and yellow. SECONDARY COLOURS These are formed by mixing primary colours. Eg: orange and green. TERTIARY COLOURS These are formed by mixing two or more secondary colours.
Eg: RED: the most dramatic, emotional and active of the three primaries. It suggests bold and confident attitude. It is not used in sleeping area because of the energizing quality. BLUE: it is universally equated to beauty. Psychologically, it is associated with tranquillity and contentment. YELLOW: it evokes a sense of energy and excitement. It is combined with green to provide a natural freshness and richness. VIOLET: it is a colour of emotional contrast. Its is used for romantic, fragile and quiet feminine.
ORANGE COLOUR
LANDSCAPING
DEFINITION
It refers to any activity that modifies the visible features of an area of land outside or surrounding a building. Landscape design enhances the aesthetic appeal of a building.
PRINCIPLES OF LANDSCAPING
There are 5 basic principles that work together to create the final result to give an aesthetically pleasing i)TEXTURE
It includes everything from smooth and sleek to coarse, rocky, and rough. Different texture provide different finishings. It refers to varying sizes of structures, plants and other elements in landscape design. Taller elements can overwhelm shorter ones but ca be a great way to line a path.
ii)SCALE
iii)COLOUR Different colour schemes can be accomplished for a particular application. For example red and orange are more invogorative cooler colours while colors like blue, green are calm. iv)LINE Line refers to the flow of land space. It is creating natural path one would take while entering. v)FORM It refers to the geometric shape. It can be thin, draping, round etc. Form gives depth to the lines laid in landscape.
FEATURES OF LANDSCAPING
PATH: It is a passage created in the landscape. It could be paved by paving materials to eliminate hazards from mud and dust $stone path- it offers good durable wearing surface. $concrete path- due to strength and availability , pre-cast concrete slabs of different shapes are widely used. $Brick path- available in various colors due to variation in the chemical content
PATHWAY
PLANTS Plants are subjected to weather conditions, different soil types, insect and other environmental circumstances. The architect must deal with plants that celebrate the seasons. PLANT CONTAINERS Mud pots are used as plant containers. They are used in side pathway of gardens SCULPTURES They are created from natural or artificial materials. They are placed in landscape area based on the size and shadow pattern
SCULPTURES
LIGHTING Outdoor lighting is used to illuminate entry areas, pedestrian walk-ways and lawn. STREET FURNITURE The mode of seating provided in the landscape space is known as street furniture. These are made of wood, concrete, stone etc.. With or without backs. WATERBODY OR FOUNTAIN Water in the for of fountain or pools are used for its reflective quality and differences in sound. An electronic timing system is used to program the flow of water in fountains
WATERBODY
ROCK GARDEN
large stones or boulders are arranged to look like a rock garden. Rocks are converted into gardens by bonding large boulders with cement mortar or concrete.
ROCK GARDEN