CHAPTER 1 The Exprience of Philosophy

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Plato, Theaetetus believes

Wonder is the feeling of a philosopher, and philosophy begins in wonder
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Will Durant, The Mansions of Philosophy believes

For what if we should fatten our purses, or rise to high office, and yet all the mind, brutal in behavior, unstable in character, chaotic in desire, and blindly miserableperhaps Free Powerpoint Templates Page 3 philosophy will give us, if

 Things that could make their knowledge more specialized. Knowledge that could help them earn a living and secure for themselves the necessities and comforts of life.
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The study of Philosophy (which they myopically understand to be simply the study of arguments and the activity of idle speculation, useless to the practical business of finding things out and consisting mostly of irrelevant theorizing), so they claim, tends to be unproductive and just a waste of valuable time.

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Reasons why students should study and practice PHILO:

1. Sharpens the mind of the student who is studying disciplines within the academic community. 2. Helps us to clarify issues, discriminate among options, and make better decisions. 3. Enhances our personal lives. 4. Assists us in penetrating to the roots of our commitments by helping us to investigate and substantiate our personal convictions.
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There are 2 major reasons for this: 1. Philosophers in the past have sought confine philosophy within narrower boundaries, because it tends to claim too much. 2. 2. Unfortunate consequence of Free Powerpoint Templates Page 7 the first

1. The Love of Wisdom = Philosophy comes from a Greek word Philosophia. = The term Philos is usually translated as Love, and Sophia is ordinarily translated to English as Wisdom. Free Powerpoint Templates Page 8

2. The Love of Exercising Ones Curiosity and Intelligence = Herodotus, instead of using the term Philosophia, has used the term Philosophein in the context which means nothing more than the desire to know or to find out 3. The Love of Wisdom that can Face the Test of Critical Discussions
Free Powerpoint as an = Plato defined PHILOTemplates activity Page 9 which sought a wisdom that can face

4. The Collective Name for Unanswered Questions = William James defined PHILO as the collective name for questions that have not been answered to the satisfaction of all that have asked him. 5. Philosophy is a Theory of Language = Rudolph Carnap, in his book Logical Syntax defined PHILO as a theory of the scientific use of language. = Logical positivists, like Carnap, believe Free Powerpoint Templates that there are only 2 meaningful statements: Page 10 a.) Logically necessary or Analytic

Ability to Wonder The predisposition of the mind to wonder and to be curious about everything from the peculiar to the very ordinary. Sense of Autonomy The quality of the mind to be independent, or the freedom of the will from external control and influence. Sense of Objectivity The ability of the mind to be open-minded or tolerant to some unpopular ideas, opinion, or Free beliefs of others. Powerpoint Templates Page 11

The History of PHILO Studies major philosophers, periods in the development of philosophy, history in single nation, and philosophical movements. Logic It deals with methods for distinguishing good from bad reasoning. Ethics Takes up the meaning of our moral concepts such as right action, obligation and justice, and formulates principles to Free Powerpoint Page 12 guide moral decisions. Templates

Metaphysics Seek basic criteria for determining what sorts of things are real. Epistemology Concerns the nature and scope of knowledge. Aesthetics One of the oldest fields. It is commonly known as Philosophy of Art and it concerns the nature of art, including Free Powerpoint Templates Page both the performing arts and painting, 13

Philosophy of Religion Philosophy of Science Ethic s Philosophy of Language

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 ARISTOTLE - Theory of the golden mean

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