Linear Equations

 Identify linear equations and functions.  Write linear equations in standard form and graph them.

1) linear equation 2) linear function 3) standard form 4) y-intercept 5) x-intercept

Linear Equations
y 6

Sara has 4 hours after dinner to study and do homework. She has brought home algebra 2 and chemistry. If she spends x hours on algebra and y hours on chemistry, a portion of the graph of the equation x + y = 4 can be used to relate how much time she spends on each.

x y ! 4

-2 -2 0

An equation such as x + y = 4 is called a linear equation.

Linear Equations
A linear equation has no operations other than: addition subtraction multiplication of a variable by a constant ________, ___________, and ____________________________________. denominator The variables may not be multiplied together or appear in a ____________. A linear equation does not contain variables with exponents other than __. 1 The graph of a linear equation is always a ____. line Linear Equations Not Linear Equations

5x  3 y ! 7 x!9

7 a  4b 2 ! 8
y ! x5 x  xy ! 1 1 y! x

6 s ! 3t  15
1 y! x 2

Linear Equations
A linear function is a function whose ordered pairs satisfy a linear equation. Any linear function can be written in the form are real numbers.

f(x) = mx + b,

where m and b

State whether each function is a linear function. a)

Explain.

f(x) = 10 5x

Yes! It can be written as f(x) m = 5, b = 10

= 5x + 10

b)

g(x) = x4 5

No!

x
c)

has an exponent other than 1.

h(x, y) = 2xy

No! Two variables are multiplied together.

Linear Equations
The linear function P(d) = 62.5d + 217 can be used to find the pressure (lb/ft2) at a depth of d ft. below the surface of the water. Find the pressure at a depth of 350 feet.

P(d) = 62.5d + 217 P(350) = 62.5(350) + 217 P(350) = 22,092

To avoid decompression sickness, it is recommended that divers ascend no faster than 30 feet per minute.

The pressure at a depth of 350 feet is about

lb 22,000 2 ft

Linear Equations
Standard Form of a Linear Function The standard form of a linear function is A and B are not both zero. Also, A, B, and C are integers whose greatest common factor is 1

Ax + By = C, where A > 0,

Write the equation in Standard Form:

y ! 3 x  4

3x  y ! 4

Linear Equations
Standard Form of a Linear Function The standard form of a linear function is A and B are not both zero. Also, A, B, and C are integers whose greatest common factor is 1

Ax + By = C, where A > 0,

Write the equation in Standard Form:

1 1 x y!6 2 2

x  y ! 12

Linear Equations
In the previous lesson, you graphed functions by using a table of values. Since two points determine a line, there are quicker ways to graph linear functions. One way is to find the points at which the graph intersects each axis and then connect them with a line.
y

The y-coordinate of the point at which the graph y - intercept crosses the y-axis is called the ____________. The x-coordinate of the point at which the graph x - intercept crosses the x-axis is called the ____________.

(0, 3) (-4, 0)
x

Linear Equations
Find the x-intercept and the y-intercept of the graph of the equation. Then graph the equation.

5 x  3 y ! 15
The x-intercept is the value of x when y = 0.
(0, 5)
y

5 x  3(0) ! 15 5 x ! 15
x!3
The y-intercept is the value of y when x = 0.
(3, 0)
x

5(0)  3 y ! 15
3 y ! 15 y!5

Linear Equations

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Using Glencoes Algebra 2 text, 2005