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Introduction to Computers
What Is a Computer?
An electronic machine, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory accepts data manipulates the data according to specified rules produces results stores the results for future use
Process
Input
Any data or instructions you enter into a computer
Output Communication
The capability of communicating with other computers
Storage
Area in a computer that can hold data and information for future use
mouse scanner
digital camera
monitor
speakers
printer
The System Unit What are common components inside the system unit?
Processor Memory module Expansion cards Sound card Modem card Video card Network interface card Ports and Connectors
Ports
What is a port?
Used to connect external devices to the system unit Port is the interface, or point of attachment, to the system unit Most located on the back of the system unit
keyboard USB serial port mouse USB printer (parallel port) speaker monitor game port network microphone
FM reception cable TV
Ports
What is a connector?
Used to join a cable to a device Some connectors are on the computer when purchased, others added on expansion cards Male connectors have one or more exposed pins Female connectors have matching holes to accept the pins on a male connector
power cord
mouse connector
network connector
Gender changer is a device that allows you to join two connectors that are the same
Ports
Ports
What is a parallel port?
Connects devices that can transfer more than one bit at a time Usually used for printers Two newer types
EPP (Enhanced Parallel Port) ECP (Extended Capabilities Port) byte representation for number 1 byte representation for number 3 byte representation for number 5
Converts alternating current (AC,115 to 120 volts) to direct current (DC, 5 to 12 volts)
ATX Motherboard
ATX Motherboard
AGP Slot USB, Serial, Parallel, Keyboard, mouse Ports P1 or ATX power connector
PCI Slots
Northbridge
CMOS battery
System bus Part of the motherboard that connects the processor to main memory
Control Unit
CPU The control unit repeats a set of four basic operations: Fetch Arithmetic/ Control Unit obtain a program instruction or data item from memory Control Unit Logic Unit Decode - translate the instruction into (ALU)
commands Execute - carry out the command Store - write the result to memory