BRAZIL CASE STUDY

Social Stratification
PRESENTED TO: PRESENTED BY Khwaja Salmaan Mukesh Jaiswal Mukesh Patel Naveen Sharma Nikita Pathak Nilesh kumar

Prof. Swati Singh

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ABOUT

BRAZIL

Earlier brazil was a underdeveloped country because of slow economic growth,, but it will be more appropriate to say that it was just a unjust country ,, as said by the president of brazil. But now it is having a very large economies in the world. This "social question," as Brazilians call the divide between rich and poor, has characterized the nation since colonial times.

Distinction according to economics

North: poor and under developed

Southern: the wealthier, more industrialized South.

PROBLEM

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The problem is that they are having a unequal distribution of income of the individual.
In 1980 the wealthiest Brazilians earned 10 times more than the median family income, this difference has increased to 14 times, today

Brazil: 45% of nonwhite families and 25% of white families live below the poverty line. The poorest 20 percent of the population received only 3 % of national income, while the richest 10 percent received 47 %. In some parts of brazil, there was infant mortality,, which was again increasing the social inequality.

CONT.

70% of the electorate that is illiterate and never having completed primary school live in the Northeast region of Brazil. Blacks and pardos (brown) make up the majority of unemployed in the country even though together they represent 42.8% of the working-age (12). According to the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) blacks and pardos earn half the salary of what whites make. The regressive tax system punishes the poor. According to IPEA director Mrcio Pochmann, the poorest 10% pay 32.8% of their income in taxes while the richest 10% only pay 22.7% (17). A much more progressive tax code is urgently needed to find the necessary funding for the social problems that currently reside. "Today, the net worth of the 358 richest people is equal to the combined income of the poorest 45 percent of the world's population --2,300 million people.

CONT

Thousands of saqueiros working on the Serra Pelada gold mine, which is now closed. Gold was one of the most important exports in the eighteenth century

A RAY OF HOPE

In the late 1980,, there was a inflation in the brazil which compell the people to migrate towards another country like North America, Japan , Europe etc. But in mid 1990,there was a decline in inflation which stabilized the economy . With industrialization and urbanization during the first decades of the twentieth century, however, the growth of the Brazilian middle class has made this simple division more complex

CONT..

Now ,, Brazilians moved from working poor to the lower middle class. And they also changed there spending pattern , they started to spend on the consumer goods. And poor people was also benefitted by the stable price,, and now they can afford to purchase the staples like meat, chicken, eggs and beans.

SYMBOLS OF SOCIAL STRATIFICATION

Brazilians are preoccupied with class distinctions and are quick to size up the social distance that exists between themselves and others they meet. . The degree to which an individual's vocabulary and grammar is considered "educated" is used as a measure of schooling and, hence, social class.