MSE XXX: Introduction to

Materials Science & Engineering

Course Objective...
Introduce fundamental concepts in MSE

You will learn about:

• material structure
• how structure dictates properties
• how processing can change structure
This course will help you to:
• use materials properly
• realize new design opportunities
with materials

Chapter 1- a
 LECTURES
Lecturer:
Time:
Location:
Activities:
• Present new material
• Announce reading and homework
• Take quizzes and midterms*

*Make-ups given only for emergencies.

*Discuss potential conflicts beforehand.

Chapter 1- b
 RECITATIONS
Instructor:
Times and Places:
___. X:XXam _____ XXX
___. X:XXpm _____ XXX
___. X:XXpm _____ XXX
___. X:XXam _____ XXX
___. X:XXpm _____ XXX
Purpose:
• Discuss homework, quizzes, exams
• Hand back graded quizzes, exams
• Discuss concepts from lecture
Recitations start next week.
Try to attend your registered recitation.
If necessary, attend an alternate recitation.Chapter 1- c
 TEACHING ASSISTANTS

Name Office Tel. E-mail

_____ _____ XXX X-XXXX _____
_____ _____ XXX X-XXXX _____
_____ _____ XXX X-XXXX _____
_____ _____ XXX X-XXXX _____
_____ _____ XXX X-XXXX _____

Teaching Assistants will

• participate in recitation sessions,
• have office hours to help you with course material
and problem sets.

Chapter 1- d
 OFFICE HOURS
X:XX-X:XX each weekday**
____. _____ XXX _____
____. _____ XXX _____
____. _____ XXX _____
____. _____ XXX _____
____. _____ XXX _____
**Contact professors for special arrangements
Activities:
• Discuss homework, quizzes, exams
• Discuss lectures, book
• Pick up missed handouts
Chapter 1- e
 COURSE MATERIAL
Required text:
• Materials Science and Engineering: An Introduction
W.D. Callister, Jr., 6th edition, John Wiley and
Sons, Inc. (2003). Both book and
accompanying CD-ROM are needed.
Optional Material:
• _____
________.
• _____
________.
• _____
________.

Chapter 1- f
 GRADING
Weekly in-lecture quizzes XX%
Held on _____ at the beginning of class
Based on core homework problems
Your lowest quiz grade will be dropped

Midterm #1 XX%
Tentatively scheduled for:
Material covered:

Midterm #2 XX%
Tentatively scheduled for:
Material covered:

Final XX%
Tentatively scheduled for:
Material covered:

Chapter 1- g
 THE WEEKLY “CYCLE”
MON TUE WED THU FRI
Start of
assign-hmk1
course
recit-hmk1 recit-hmk1 recit-hmk1 recit-hmk1 quiz-hmk1
assign-hmk2

recit-hmk2 recit-hmk2 recit-hmk2 recit-hmk2 quiz-hmk2

assign-hmk3

KEEP TO THE READING /HOMEWORK/QUIZ CYCLE

**there are no recitations during the first week.

Chapter 1- h
 READING SCHEDULE
Week Topic Chapter
1 General Intro; Atomic Bonding 1,2
2 Crystalline Structure; Imperfections 3*,4
3 Diffusion; Mechanical Properties 5,6*
4 Strengthening Mechanisms; Failure 7*,8*
5 Phase Diagrams 9*
6 Kinetics & Phase Transformations 10*
Processing & Applications of Metals 11
7 Struc., Prop., Proc., Applic. of Ceramics 12,13*
8 Struc., Prop. of Polymers; Composites 15,16
9 Corrosion; Elec. & Thermal Prop. 17*,18*,19*
10 Magnetic & Optical Prop. 20,21
Econ. & Envir. Issues; Materials Selection 22*
Lectures: will highlight important portions of each
chapter.
*
One or more sections of this chapter are on the CD-ROM.
Chapter 1- i
 CHAPTER 1: MATERIALS
SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
Materials are...
engineered structures...not blackboxes!
Structure...has many dimensions...

Structural feature Dimension (m)

atomic bonding < 10-10
missing/extra atoms 10-10
crystals (ordered atoms) 10-8-10-1
second phase particles 10-8-10-4
crystal texturing > 10-6
Chapter 1- 1
Structure, Processing, & Properties
• Properties depend on structure
ex: hardness vs structure of steel
(β)
(δ)
(χ)
30
4µµ
0µµ
30µµ
(a)
Cooling
1
0.1
0.01
600
500
400
300
200
1000
100 Rate (C/s)
Hardness (BHN)

Data obtained from Figs. 10.21(a)

and 10.23 with 4wt%C composition,
and from Fig. 11.13 and associated
discussion, Callister 6e.
Micrographs adapted from (a) Fig.
10.10; (b) Fig. 9.27;(c) Fig. 10.24;
and (d) Fig. 10.12, Callister 6e.

• Processing can change structure

ex: structure vs cooling rate of steel
Chapter 1- 2
 The Materials Selection Process
1. Pick Application Determine required Properties
Properties: mechanical, electrical, thermal,
magnetic, optical, deteriorative.

2. Properties Identify candidate Material(s)

Material: structure, composition.

3. Material Identify required Processing

Processing: changes structure and overall shape
ex: casting, sintering, vapor deposition, doping
forming, joining, annealing.

Chapter 1- 3
 ELECTRICAL
• Electrical Resistivity of Copper:
0Χ
Πυρε
C
Cu
0 υesistivity,
-100
-200
6
5
4
3
2
1R ++1.12
deformed
Tu(¡C)3.32
2.16Χυ
ατ%Νι
Cu ρ+ 1.12 at%Ni
at%Ni
Adapted from Fig. 18.8, Callister 6e.

(10 −8 Οηµ−µ)
(Fig. 18.8 adapted from: J.O. Linde,
Ann Physik 5, 219 (1932); and
C.A. Wert and R.M. Thomson,
Physics of Solids, 2nd edition,
McGraw-Hill Company, New York,
1970.)

• Adding “impurity” atoms to Cu increases resistivity.

• Deforming Cu increases resistivity.
Chapter 1- 4
 THERMAL
• Space Shuttle Tiles: • Thermal Conductivity
--Silica fiber insulation of Copper:
offers low heat conduction. --It decreases when
Fig. 19.0, Callister 6e. you add zinc!
(Courtesy of Lockheed
Missiles and Space 20 Composition
1
0
100
200
300
400
40
30
Thermal
0 Conductivity
(wt%Zinc)
Company, Inc.) (W/m-K)

100µµ

Adapted from Adapted from Fig. 19.4, Callister 6e.

Fig. 19.4W, Callister (Fig. 19.4 is adapted from Metals
6e. (Courtesy of Handbook: Properties and Selection:
Lockheed Aerospace Nonferrous alloys and Pure Metals, Vol. 2,
Ceramics Systems, 9th ed., H. Baker, (Managing Editor),
Sunnyvale, CA) American Society for Metals, 1979, p.
(Note: "W" denotes 315.)
fig. is on CD-ROM.) Chapter 1- 5
 MAGNETIC
• Magnetic Storage: • Magnetic Permeability
--Recording medium vs. Composition:
is magnetized by --Adding 3 atomic % Si
recording head. makes Fe a better
recording medium!
Fe
Fe+3%Si
Magnetic
Magnetization
Field

Adapted from C.R. Barrett, W.D. Nix, and

Fig. 20.18, Callister 6e.
(Fig. 20.18 is from J.U. Lemke, MRS
Bulletin,
Vol. XV, No. 3, p. 31, 1990.)
A.S. Tetelman, The Principles of
Engineering Materials, Fig. 1-7(a), p. 9,
1973. Electronically reproduced
by permission of Pearson Education, Inc.,
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.

Chapter 1- 6
 OPTICAL
• Transmittance:
--Aluminum oxide may be transparent, translucent, or
opaque depending on the material structure.

polycrystal: polycrystal:
single crystal low porosity high porosity

Adapted from Fig. 1.2,

Callister 6e.
(Specimen preparation,
P.A. Lessing; photo by J.
Telford.)

Chapter 1- 7
 DETERIORATIVE
• Stress & Saltwater... • Heat treatment: slows
--causes cracks! crack speed in salt water!
Òheld
Òas-isÓ
increasing
crack speed
-10
-8
Alloy
10 at in
load
(m/s)
7178 tested
saturated aqueous NaCl
160C
solution atfor
23C 1hr
before testingÓ

Adapted from Fig. 11.20(b), R.W. Hertzberg, "Deformation

and Fracture Mechanics of Engineering Materials" (4th ed.),
Adapted from Fig. 17.0, Callister 6e. p. 505, John Wiley and Sons, 1996. (Original source:
(Fig. 17.0 is from Marine Corrosion, Markus O. Speidel, Brown Boveri Co.)
Causes, and Prevention, John Wiley and
4µ m
Sons, Inc., 1975.)
--material:
7150-T651 Al
"alloy"
(Zn,Cu,Mg,Zr)
Adapted from Fig. 11.24,
Callister 6e. (Fig. 11.24 provided courtesy of G.H.
Narayanan and A.G. Miller, Boeing Commercial
Airplane Company.) Chapter 1- 8
 SUMMARY
Course Goals:

• Use the right material for the job.

• Understand the relation between properties,

structure, and processing.

• Recognize new design opportunities offered

by materials selection.

Chapter 1- 9
 ANNOUNCEMENTS
Reading:

Core Problems:

Self-help Problems:

Chapter 1- 0