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Pornography

Changing Standards
Entertainment Analyst Dennis McAlpine
Auerbach, Pollak & Richardson

“Most cable operators still don’t want to cross the


threshold from ‘acceptable adult
programming’ . . . penetration, anal sex, oral
sex, group sex, and lesbian and gay sex, to
‘pornography.’”
(In Paul, 2005 p. 56)
Economics
Hollywood annually

400 feature films

11,000 porn films


Economics
4 billion a year from videos

(More revenues than NFL, MLB or NBA)


Economics
Total Revenue
Adult Films

5 to 10 billion
Popularity
Porn sites visited

3 times more often

than Google, Yahoo, & MSN Search


combined
(InternetWeek, June 4, 2004)
Porn on internet
N = 15,246
Downloaded or intentionally viewed
erotic films or photos

Men 75%

Women 41%

(Lever, 2004)
Porn on Internet
18 – 24 year old men

70%

Visit porn site


At least once a month

(ComScore, an Internet traffic measuring service


in Paul, 2005)
Porn at Work
Accidentally visited
at work 75%

More than 10 times 15%

Seen co-workers surfing 40%

(SonicWALL Web Usage Survey, 2004)


Porn at Work
VA Department of Transportation

17

Fired for watching porn at work


> than 2 hours daily

(Bacque, 2004)
Violent Content
(Including torture & mutilation)

Magazines 25%

Videos 27%

Usernets 42%
(Barron & Kimmel, 2000)
Bukkake

Young Japanese women


Ejaculated on by multiple men

Crying
Teens & the Internet
Ages 15 – 17

Gone online 95%


Internet access from home 83%
Internet access from bedroom 31%
(Kaiser Family Foundation, 2001)
Teens & Online Pornography
Seen online accidentally
Ages 15 – 17

Total = 70%

Very often or
somewhat often 23%

Not too often 47%

(Kaiser Family Foundation, 2001)


Teens & Porn

Friends who regularly


view internet porn & download 45%

(Columbia U, 2004, In Paul 2005)


Teens & Porn
Regularly download porn

Age %
12 33

17 67

(Columbia U, 2004, In Paul 2005)


Do the Parents Know?
Ages 9 - 19

Kids Parents
N = 1511 N = 906

Contact w/ porn 57% 16%


Given out personal info 46% 5%
Unwanted sexual
comments 33% 5%
(Livingstone & Bober, 2005)
Allure of Porn
Woman loves anything done to them
No relationship issues
No pregnancies
No rejections
No AIDS
Allure of Porn
“Nobody fails to get an erection, the woman
doesn’t have trouble achieving orgasm,
nobody fears their gut looks too big or
they’re sweating too much or they can’t
catch their breath.”
(Paul, 2005, p. 41)
Impact of Porn

“I don’t see how any male who likes porn


can think actual sex is better, at least if it
involves all the crap that comes with
having a real live female in your life.”
(Paul, 2005, p. 39)
Austin
“Walking down the street, he says, you
see all these girls you want to have sex
with. ‘And it makes you angry in a way.
Not violently angry, but just pissed off. It
pains us every time we see another
woman we cant’ have sex with. You want
to see all these women naked and you
know you never will. It’s really frustrating.’”
(Paul, 2005, p. 40)
Austin
“’Sure you might get to see one woman, but
the point is you can’t get every one.
There’s always another woman who will
walk by and torment you. It makes life
seem incredibly unfair: all temptation, with
little reward. First you’re single and you
can’t get the women you really want; then
you’re married and you’re tied to one
woman for the rest of your life.”’
(Paul, 2005, p. 40)
Austin
Age 29

Never had a serious girlfriend


Compulsive Use
11 + hours a week

6 – 13%
Trouble Stopping
Problem Controlling Use to Log On

17%

(Elle-MSNBC survey, 2004)


The Rush
“In pornographic perception, the addict
experiences a type of vertigo, a fearful
exhilaration, a moment when all the
addict’s ties to the outside world do indeed
seem to be cut or numbed. That sense of
endless falling, that rush, is what the
addict seeks again and again. . . He is
helpless before it.”
(Mura, p. 125 in Kimmel, 1990)
Online Challenge
N = 100 Online Users
Go without porn 2 weeks

Failed within 1 week 52

Failed within 3 days 24

Dropped out 6

(www.pointlesswasteoftime.com/pornoff.html.)
Language of Addicts
“From the first hours on, lots of these guys
were suddenly talking about ‘withdrawal’
and talking about how tomorrow was going
to be a ‘tough day’ with time alone and
high-speed access. They were using the
language recovering addicts use, which I
admit both surprised me and creeped me
out a little.”
Impact on Relationships
Spouses “Seriously” Involved

No longer interested
in wives 50%

Wives lost interest 33%

Separated or divorced 20%


(Schneider, 2000)
Compulsion
2 friends
Both 20’s
Both overweight
Never had a girlfriend
Never had intercourse
No friends
Neither leaves home
Porn all free time
Compulsion
Gabe
Not spending time with kids
Straight from work to internet
One week online 24/7

Now 36 hour break every 2 or 3 weeks

5 years
Porn & Real Life
“Women who were otherwise good-looking
but weren’t as overtly sexy as the women
in porn don’t appeal to me as much
anymore. I find that I look more for
women who have the attributes I see in
porn. I want bigger breasts, blonder hair,
curvier bodies in general.”
(Harrison in Paul, 2005, p. 81)
Porn & Real Life

“It’s not easy to turn me on anymore. And


that’s not a good thing. . . I thought about
why it is that I don’t often look twice when
a nearly nude 20-something walks by me
in a restaurant. Or sometimes at night,
when, on that rare occasion I have a
woman in bed next to me waiting for me to
make a move, I fall asleep.”
(Paul, 2005, p. 82)
“I am immune to all of it . . . I have seen
everything – things I did not know the
human body could do or wanted to do. . .
When all is said and done, I have built
such a high immunity to sex that the whole
idea of it is demystified. There are no
secrets. There are no subtleties – the
subtleties that can tease a person to
arousal.” (Paul, 2005, p. 82)
Impact
Raises expectations
how women look 51%

Changes expectations
how women behave 48%
(Paul, 2005)
Impact on Sex
Online porn
5 + hrs/week

Sex w/ women
Less arousing 35%

Real sex can’t


Compare 20%
(Elle-MSNBC, 2004)
“My heart would race less. . . Sex just
seemed so ordinary; it was no longer
thrilling or magical the way it had been
before i-porn.”
(Rajiv in Paul, 2005, 0. 96)
“I’ve broken up with women who wouldn’t
perform certain things I’ve seen in films.”
(Paul, 2005, p. 93)

“I plan to bring up pornography very early in


my next relationship. That way, if it’s an
issue, we just won’t go anywhere.”
(Paul, 2005, p. 100)
Impact of Porn
N = 1209
Ages 15 – 24
• Serious impact 67%
• Encourages sex
before ready 59%
• Become addicted 49%
• Unprotected sex OK 49%
• Bad attitudes to women 49%
(Kaiser Family Foundation, 2001)
Impact of Porn
All adults 15-24

Have sex earlier 25% 59%

(Paul, 2005)
Impact of Porn
Ages
Older Younger
25- 40 18–24

Harms Relationships 30% 40%

(Paul, 2005)
Regulate Porn
18-24Parents
Warning labels &
restricting use 20% 10%
(Paul, 2005)
Impact on Perceptions
N = 80 college students
6 weeks
Exposure:
Massive 6 sexual films per session
48 minutes per week
4 hrs & 38 minutes

Intermediate 3 erotic; 3 nonerotic


2 hrs & 24 minutes

None All nonerotic films


(Bryant & Zillmann, 1982)
Impact on Perception
Newspaper Report
Rape of Hitchhiker
Recommended Sentences
Men Women
No films 95 mos 143 mos

Massive 50 mos 77 mos


(Bryant & Zillmann, 1982)
Impact
Massive Exposure

Less likely to want a daughter

(Bryant & Zillmann, 1982)


Impact
Massive Exposure

Less likely to support women’s causes

3 times less likely to favor women’s rights


(Bryant & Zillmann, 1982)
Child Pornography & the
Internet
Size of Collections
1998 San Diego case

40,000 photos

1,000 movies

Organized
“li’l rape”
Size of Collections
England, 1999

100,000 hardcore pictures

22,000 pictures of boys and girls


Ages 2 - 13
Child Pornography & the
Internet
Support

Advice

Access
Support from the Internet

Man Molesting 10-Year-Old Daughter

“I am so happy to find this site . . . I thought


having a sexual attraction to my daughter
was bad. I now do not feel guilty or
conflicted.”
(Eichenwald, 8/21/06)
Advice the Internet

Wants to be foster parent

“You better have a darned good excuse why you


never married, such as your fiancée died in a
car wreck . . I highly recommend you date
women for several years and keep at least a
couple of those relationships going for at least a
couple of months. Around the women, make a
point of being nice to children.”
(Eichenwald, 8/21/2006)
“It has been stated a million times already, you
should NEVER store anything illegal on your hd,
just too damn risky. . . Better to save all your
precious files on encrypted CD’s. . . You can
store up to 650 MG on a single CD and they’re
easy to hide or destroy if the worst were to
happen. Also, when you encrypt your CD’s with
PCPdisk or similar, you can rest assured that no
one will ever know just what you have on them.
And you can sleep a little better knowing just
that.” (Jenkins, 2001, p. 101)
Child Pornography
Support
“Does anyone know how many pedophiles
there are in this world? Sometimes I feel
like I’m the only one. . . I don’t think noone
know me interest but I am just 24 and I
feel very lonely in my age, do you think
there are more in my age who are pedo?”
Support
“No, you are not alone. We all share your
emotions. We are into kids, that’s why we
are here, you know. There are no stupid
questions, only answers.”
(Jenkins, 2001, p. 106)
Selling Their Philosophy

Podcasts

Internet Radio Stations


Selling the Philosophy
Podcasts

Benefits of Age Difference in Sexual Relationships


Child’s Sexual Autonomy, Practices & Consequences
Failure of Sex Offender Registries
The Misrepresentation of Pedophilia in the News Media
(Eichenwald, 8/21/2006)
Online Can Mislead Pedophiles
Discussion with Minors on Game Site

Raised Dutch Pedophilic party

Why Angry?

“Your post is a typical example of what happens


when you spend too much time in the online BL
community . . Believe it or not, most young
children are NOT anxious to have sex with adult
men.” (Eichenwald, 8/21/2006)
9-year-old Sexually Abused by
Neighbor
“Marion obviously enjoyed her time with the poster,
look at what she did for him, all that posing, and
for a beautiful girl like that ti miss out on it, how
long you think til she wants another guy, no
amount of abuse counseling is gonna convince
her that the pleasure she received was really
abusive and painful, oh, what a fucking mad
world.”
(Jenkins, 2001, p. 133)
Child Porn & Pedophilia
N = 685 Sex Offenders

Child pornography charges 100

(Seto et al., 2006)


Child Porn Offenders
Also Hands-on Child Offenses
Age 14 or Younger

Yes 43

No 57
(Seto et al., 2006)
Child Porn & Pedophilia
Pedophilic Index >.25
(Seto et al., 2006)
70

60

50

40
Child Porn
30 Child Victims

20

10

0
Child Porn & Pedophilia
Pedophilic Index
(Seto et al., 2006)
70

60

50

40
Pedo
30

20

10

0
CP No Vics CP w/ Vics 1 C Vic 2 C Vics 3 C Vvics
Child Porn & Pedophilia
(Seto et al., 2006)

Both child porn groups


(with & w/out hands-on victims)

Had same pedophilic arousal


Child Porn & Pedophilia
(Seto et al., 2006)

“Child pornography offenders, regardless


of whether they had a history of sexual
offenses against child victims, were more
likely to show a pedophilic pattern of
sexual arousal than were a combined
group of offenders against children.”
(p. 613)
Child Porn & Pedophilia
(Seto et al., 2006)
7
6
5

4 Max Child
3 Max Adult

2
1
0
CP no CP w/ 1 C vic 2 C vic 3 C vic
vics vics
Child Pornography & Contact Offenses

N = 201
Child Pornography Offenders
Possession, distribution or production

Prior criminal offense 56%


Prior violent offenses 30%
Prior contact sex offenses 24%
(Seto & Eck, 2005)
Child Porn & Contact Offenses
Recidivism
Follow-up – 2.5 years

New crime 17%

New child porn crime 6%

New contact sex crime 4%

(Seto & Eck, 2005)


Content of Child Porn
Prepubescent children 80%
Penetration 80%
Sexual violence
(bondage, rape & torture) 21%
Video 33%
(Wolak et al., 2005)
Ages of Children
Ages 6 – 12 83%

3–5 39%

Toddlers & infants 19%

(Wolak et al., 2005)


Bourke & Hernandez 2009
N = 155
All were Child Porn Possessor
No producers of child porn

Intensive sex offender treatment program


Criteria for Contact Offenses

Conviction

Admission

Substantiation by Child Protection


Child Porn & Contact Offenses
(Hernandez, 2000)
2000
1800
1600
1400
1200
1000 Contact sex crimes
800
600
400
200
0
PSA After SOTP
Child Porn & Hands On Victims
(Bourke & Hernandez, 2009)
140

120

100

80

No hands on victims
Hands on victims
60

40

20

0
At Sentencing End of Tx
Child Porn and Hands On Offenses
At After
Sentencing Treatment

Hands On Victims 40 (26%) 131 (85%)

No Hands On Victims 115 (74%) 24 (15%)

(Bourke & Hernandez, 2009)


Total Number of Victims
Child Porn and Hands On Offenses
Total Number of Victims
At After
Sentencing Treatment

Hands On Victims 75 1,777

(Bourke & Hernandez, 2009)


Average Number of Victims
Child Porn and Hands On Offenses
Average Number of Victims
At After
Sentencing Treatment

Hands On Victims 1.88 13.56

(Bourke & Hernandez, 2009)


Child Porn Group
No Known Offenses at Sentencing

Victims of Both Genders 24%

Pre & Post pubescent 48%


(Bourke & Hernandez, 2009)
Are Child Porn Possessors at Risk
to Molest Children?
“Our findings show that the Internet
offenders in our sample were significantly
more likely than not to have sexually
abused a child via a hands-on act.”
(Bourke & Hernandez, 2009, p. 183)
Are Child Porn Possessors at Risk
to Molest Children?
“They also indicate that the offenders who
abused children were likely to have
offended against multiple victims, and that
the incidence of ‘crossover’ by gender and
age is high.”
(Bourke & Hernandez, 2009, p. 183)
Are Child Porn Possessors
Pedophiles?
“In our work with hundreds of Internet child
pornography offenders in treatment, the
vast majority of those who initially denied
paraphilic interest subsequently
acknowledged their pre-existing and
longstanding sexual interest in minors.”
(Bourke & Hernandez, 2009, p. 185)
Average Number of Victims
Child Porn Group
No Known Offenses at Sentencing
8.7 Victims per Offender

(Bourke & Hernandez, 2009)


Review of 6 Studies
Child Pornography
N = 521

Official Self-Report
Records
Hands On Offenses 12% 55%

(Hanson & Babchishin, 2009)


Follow-Up
N = 2,630
1.5 – 6 year follow-up

4.6% some kind of offense

2% contact sexual offense

3.4% new pornography offense


Officially Known Offenses

N = 4,464

12%

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