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• Cost Advantage
• Better Safety
• Environmental Impact – Improved Emissions
Approach for Improving Effluent Quality
• Change in Mindset
• Reduction at source
• Recycling
• Recovery
• Treatment
Tools Used
• Optimizing water used for centrifuge and filter press washing etc
• Results not only in lower volume but also Concentrated effluent easier to treat
– Recycling
• centrifuge washes
– Recovery
– Steam distillation
– Sulfatation
NH2 NH2
2RNH2 Diazo
R Reduction
R + RNH2
NRNH2 NH2
Effluent Details
Filter Sulphatation CF
Diazo Reduction Distillation Distillation
Press
vessel Vessel
Rec MA Effluent
Qty: 450 Kgs Qty: 6.5 KL
(For Reuse COD: 40000
After Dist)
Process Operation was modified as follows :
Steam Distillation 9.0 KL 35000 8.5 KL 2000 to COD reduce due to 2nd
(2) 3500 stripping Column
• Continuous discharge
Primary ETP - FACCO 2 & 3 to Aeration
FACCO2 FACCO3
Cartridge Filter
A Lime
I FeSO4
R Magnafloc
N3 N4 N2 N5
Acidic 1 KL 1 KL
Effluent
From Plant
+ From FACCO 1
H2 O 2
Aeration
Secondary ETP & Final Discharge
Neutral
FACCO1
From FACCO 2/3
Effluent Alum
Cartridge Filter Sol
Lime
FeSO4
Magnafloc
1 KL Sand
Filter
H2 O 2
FeSO4
Sludge Sludge
Bed Bed
PT1 PT2
Primary ETP
Effluent From Plant or FACCO2/3
Washing
Overflow
PT3
27KL Septic Tank Final
Discharge
Tank
Aeration
CETP
WHAT IS FACCO?
Fenton (reaction)
Activated
Catalytic
Carbon
Oxidation
FACCO BASICS
• Uses Hydroxy radical – second most powerful oxidizing agent for
oxidizing organics in effluent
• CLRI developed technique uses Meso porous Carbon as catalyst to
catalytically generate hydroxy radical from fenton reagents (H2O2
and FeSO4) , oxygen and water
• Use of Fenton reagents only to initiate reaction. Therefore cost
effective
FACCO
1.8 mts
Foundation
Monthly Average COD Results from FACCO
treatment
FACCO 1 FACCO 2/3
Month Input COD Output COD Month Input COD Output COD
Mg/lts Mg/lts Mg/lts Mg/lts
Jan 2010 38792 14979 Jan 2010 9500 5676
Feb 2010 28800 13348 Feb 2010 8028 3203
Mar 2010 24800 10082 Mar 2010 6499 2889
Apr 2010 34563 14664 Apr 2010 8310 3306
May 2010 32690 12452 May 2010 7835 3175
Jun 2010 20800 10400 Jun 2010 6040 2865
Jul 2010 30813 14441 Jul 2010 5973 2531
Aug 2010 34094 14024 Aug 2010 7392 3130
Sep 2010 36108 13955 Sep 2010 7800 3293
Oct 2010 31921 14947 Oct 2010 6640 3224
Nov 2010 34500 15580 Nov 2010 5800 2300
Dec 2010 28791 14988 Dec 2010 6359 2805
GCMS Analysis of Effluent streams before and after FACCO 1
B /F ACC O -I (01/12/10)
CS SPE_041210 003 GCMS Analysis of Effluent streams
17.22
from different stages Scan EI+
T IC
100
2.0 0e9
%
6.61
8.93 13.2713.77
-5 T ime
4.05 6.05 8 .05 10.0 5 12.05 14.05 16.05 18.05 2 0.05 22.05 24.05 26.05 28.05
A/F ACC O -I (01/12/10)
CS SPE_041210 004 Scan EI+
T IC
100
2.0 0e9
%
6.70 10.99 17.24
-5 T ime
4.05 6.05 8 .05 10.0 5 12.05 14.05 16.05 18.05 2 0.05 22.05 24.05 26.05 28.05
AFT E R AER AT IO N (01/12/10)
CS SPE_061210 005 Scan EI+
T IC
100
2.0 0e9
%
17.80 18.82
-5 T ime
4.05 6.05 8 .05 10.0 5 12.05 14.05 16.05 18.05 2 0.05 22.05 24.05 26.05 28.05
F IN A L D IS C H AR G E (0 1 /1 2 /1 0 )
C S SPE_0 61210 006 S ca n E I+
T IC
100
2 .0 0 e 9
%
-5 T im e
4 .0 5 6 .0 5 8 .0 5 1 0 .0 5 1 2 .0 5 1 4 .0 5 1 6 .0 5 1 8 .0 5 2 0 .0 5 2 2 .0 5 2 4 .0 5 2 6 .0 5 2 8 .0 5
Observations from GCMS Data
• Substantial reduction in Area of most compounds after FACCO indicating
complete oxidation
• GCMS data of stream after aeration shows substantial reduction in all areas
indicating increased biodegradability. This offers the greatest advantage.
Limitations of FACCO
• Suspended Solids or Oil present in effluent hamper COD reduction as these block
active sites on catalyst
• Is not a “Quick Fix “ solution - Proper Process control and operation is critical :
– Dosing correct quantities of reagents
– Effective air blowing
– Back Washing
– Maintaining effluent pH
• Very effective for high COD effluents -cost effectiveness reduces for low COD
effluents
• Is not a substitute for biological treatment but complements biological treatment
Concluding Remarks
• Improvement in effluent quality can often be done by simple, inexpensive means – Change in
Mindset required
• Constant and ongoing efforts needed. Drive should come from top
• Efforts to reduce organics in effluent can lead to recoveries resulting in cost advantages
• FACCO technology is versatile and works with most kinds of effluent streams. It is a relatively
inexpensive process for reducing organic load and toxins like phenols
Quotes