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Working of WIMAX
IEEE 802.16 standard
802.16 Architecture
Features of WIMAX
Advantages of WIMAX over WIFI
FUTURE OF WIMAX
There are three possible ways to access internet.
Broadband access
Uses DSL or cable modem at home and T1 or
T3 line at office
WIFI
Uses WIFI routers at home and hotspots on
the road
Dial Up Connection
Broadband access is too expensive and WiFi
coverage is very sparse.
Line of sight
Uses a higher frequency range.
WiMAX Mini-PCI Reference Design Intel’s first WIMAX chip
Range- 30 miles from base station
Speed- 70 Megabits per second
Frequency bands- 2 to 11 and 10 to 66(licensed
and unlicensed bands respectively)
Defines both MAC and PHY layer and allows
multiple PHY layer specifications
IEEE 802.16 Protocol Architecture has 4 layers:
Convergence, MAC, Transmission and physical,
which can be mapped to two OSI lowest layers:
physical and data link.
Scalability
Quality of Service
Range
Coverage
Primary purpose of QoS feature is to define
transmission ordering and scheduling on the air
interface
•
Standard cannot currently Designed to support Voice and
guarantee latency for Voice, Video Video from ground up
•
Standard does not allow for •
Supports differentiated service
differentiated levels of service on a levels: e.g. T1 for business
per-user basis customers; best effort for
residential.
802.11 802.16a
•
Optimized for ~100 meters •
Optimized for up to 50 Km
•
No “near-far” compensation •
Designed to handle many users
spread out over kilometers
•
Designed to handle indoor multi- •
Designed to tolerate greater
path delay spread of 0.8μ seconds multi-path delay spread (signal
reflections) up to 10.0μ seconds
•
Optimization centers around
PHY and MAC layer for 100m •
PHY and MAC designed with
range multi-mile range in mind
802.11 802.16a
•
Optimized for indoor •
Optimized for outdoor NLOS
performance performance
•
Standard supports mesh network
•
No mesh topology support within topology
ratified standards
•
Standard supports advanced
antenna techniques
802.11 802.16a
•
Existing standard is WPA + •
Existing standard is PKM – EAP
WEP
•
Encryption codes are used
WiMax will be deployed in three
stages
In the first phase WiMaX technology (based on
IEEE 802.16-2004) provides fixed wireless
connections
In the second phase WiMaX will be available
as a cheap and self-installing Subscriber
Terminal (ST), linked to PC and to antenna
The third phase enables portability, thus
WiMAX (based on IEEE 802.16e) will be
integrated into commercial laptops
Will WIMAX replace 3G?
Along with the forthcoming standardization, WiMAX has the
potential to substitute 3G and become a promising 4G