CHINNU N S

Introduction
Cellular Phones use 824-MHz to 894-
MHz frequency bands. Some obstacles
to this in the near future are missing
roaming and authentication features in
SIM cards and radius, the narrowness of
the available spectrum and the limited
range.
ie,Wi-Fi will directly compete against
cellular.
 Definition
Wi-Fi is a wireless technology brand owned by
the Wi-Fi Alliance intended to improve the
interoperability of wireless local area network
products based on the IEEE 802.11 standards.

Common applications for Wi-Fi include Internet

and VoIP phone access, gaming, and network
connectivity for consumer electronics such as
televisions, DVD players, and digital cameras.
Wi-Fi Alliance is a consortium of separate
and independent companies agreeing to a
set of common interoperable products
based on the family of IEEE 802.11
standards.
Wi-Fi is supported to different extents
under Microsoft Windows, Apple
Macintosh and open source Unix and
Linux operating systems.
A wireless network uses radio waves, just
like cell phones, televisions and radios do.
In fact, communication across a wireless
network is a lot like two-way radio
communication.

A computer's wireless adapter translates

data into a radio signal and transmits it
using an antenna.
A wireless router receives the signal and
decodes it. It sends the information to the
Internet using a physical, wired Ethernet
connection.

The process also works in reverse….

 Uses

A Wi-Fi enabled device such as a PC,

game console, cell phone, MP3 player or
PDA can connect to the Internet when
within range of a wireless network.
Wi-Fi can be used to create mesh
network.
Wi-Fi access point are often used in
homes and provide Internet access.
 Cont…
Wi-Fi also allows connectivity in peer-to-
peer (wireless ad-hoc network) mode.
Wi-Fi can also be connected in ad-hoc
mode.
It is publicly available at Wi-Fi hotspot
which is provided either free of charge or
subscribers to various providers.
 Advantages of Wi-Fi

Wi-Fi allows LANs to be deployed without

cabling for client devices, typically
reducing the costs of network deployment
and expansion.
Wi-Fi more suitable for latency-sensitive
applications (such as voice and video),
and power saving mechanisms improve
battery operation.
 Cont..
Wi-Fi uses unlicensed radio spectrum.

Wi-Fi products are available in the

market.

Wi-Fi supports roaming.

Wi-Fi is a global set of standarads.

 Disadvantages of Wi-Fi

Wi-Fi networks have limited range.

The most common wireless encryption

standard, Wired Equivalent Privacy or
WEP, has been shown to be easily
breakable even when correctly configured.
 Cont..

Wi-Fi pollution or an excessive number of

access points in the area caused by
overlapping channels in 802.11 spectrum.
Power consumption is fairly high
compared to some other low-bandwidth
standards, such as Zigbee and Bluetooth,
making battery life a concern.
 WiFi Hotspots

A hotspot is a venue that offers Wi-Fi

access. The public can use a laptop, WiFi
phone, or other suitable portable device to
access the Internet.
Embedded systems
Embedded Wi-Fi modules have become
available with a real-time operating
system and provide a simple means of
wireless enabling any device which has
and communicates via a serial port.

This allows simple monitoring devices

 Standard devices

Wireless access points connects a group

of wireless devices to an adjacent wired
LAN. An access point is similar to an
Ethernet hub.
Wireless range extenders or wireless
repeaters can extend the range of an
existing wireless network.
Wireless Ethernet bridges connect a wired
network to a wireless network. This is
different from an access point.
Wireless adapters allow devices to connect
to wireless networks.
Wireless routers allow wired and wireless
Ethernet LAN devices to connect to a
Single WAN devices.
 Non-standard devices

USB-Wi-Fi adapters, food container

"Cantennas", parabolic reflectors, and
many other types of self-built antennas are
increasingly made.

Long-range Wi-Fi is used for low-cost,

unregulated point-to-point connections, as
an alternative to cellular networks,
microwave or satellite links.
Wireless adapters can plug into a computer's PC card slot or USB port.
 Mu-Fi

Municipal Wi-Fi (or Muni-Fi) is the idea of

using thousands of overlapping Wi-Fi
service zones to provide blanket coverage
over a municipal area.
Municipal Wi-Fi is most commonly
attained by utilizing what is known as Wi-
Fi Mesh or Metro Wi-Fi to implement a
self-forming, self-healing broadband
network.
How WiFi Phones Work
Like a basic cell phone, a WiFi phone has a
printed circuit board (PCB) that connects:
A processor
A speaker and a microphone
A numeric keypad and other function keys
A lithium ion battery
A screen, usually a liquid crystal display (LCD)
An antenna
Memory
 Cont..

Wi-Fi phones use Session Initiation

Protocol (SIP).

SIP is an open protocol.

Wi-Fi phones use the 802.11b standard

transmit at 2.4GHz.
 Building a Wireless Network
You can create a wireless network with
a wireless access point.
This single unit contains
A port to connect to your cable
A router
An Ethernet hub.
A firewall
A Wireless Access Point
Wireless Router
A wireless router uses an antenna to send
signals to wireless devices and a wire to send
signals to the internet.

To keep the network private the following

methods are…
 Wired Equivalency Privacy (WEP)
 Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA)
 Media Access Control (MAC)
Hitachi Cable WirelessIP5000 - WiFi IP Phone
WirelessIP5000 is an advanced wireless
IP phone that provides crystal clear voice
communication over an IEEE 802.11b/g
wireless IP network.

WirelessIP5000 can be used to either

connect to existing phone infrastructure or
a VoIP system