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Faizan Ahmed
Ahsan Alvi
Muneeb Ahmed
Fahad Amin
TOPICS TO BE
DISCUSS
1.Determining sample size.
2.Sampling error.
3.Determining sample size if σ is unknown.
4.Discuss Ethical Issues.
5.Determining sample size on the basis of
judgment.
6.
Determining Sample
Size
Determining
Sample Size
For the
Mean
Sampling error
(margin of error)
σ σ
X±Z e=Z
n n
Determining Sample
Size (continued )
Determining
Sample Size
For the
Mean
σ 2
Z σ 2
e=Z
Now solve for
n to get
n=
n e 2
Sampling Error
The required sample size needed to estimate a
population parameter to within a selected
margin of error (e) using a specified level of
confidence (1 - ) can be computed
2 2 2 2
Z σ (1.645) (45)
n= 2
= 2
= 219.19
e 5
square root of n.
small large N
Sample size
As n increases, E decreases at a decreasing rate … …
costs & non sampling errors increase
Random Error and
Sample Size
Random sampling error varies with samples
of different sizes. -Increases in sample size
reduce sampling error at a decreasing rate.
Diminishing returns - random sampling error is
inversely proportional to the square root of n.