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Scientific Research
Methods
Topic 2
An Overview of
The research Process
Mohamed Bannaga
Topic Contents
The Research Process: An Overview:
*The Research Process: An Eight-Step Process,
*Step 1: Formulating a research problem,
*Step 2: Conceptualizing a research design,
*Step 3: Constructing an instrument for data
collection,
*Step 4: Selecting a sample,
*Step 5: Writing a research proposal,
*Step 6: Collecting data,
*Step 7: Processing (analyzing) data,
*Step 8: Writing a research report.
*Step 1: Formulating a Deciding what
research problem
The Research Journey
*Step 2: Conceptualizing Planning How
a research design
*Step 3: Constructing an
instrument for data
collection
*Step 4: Selecting a
sample
*Step 5: Writing a
research proposal
*Step 6: Collecting data Actually doing
*Step 7: Processing
(analyzing) data
*Step 8: Writing a
Quantitative Vs. Qualitative Research
Quantitative and qualitative Research methodologies
differ in the philosophy that underpins their mode of
inquiry as well as, to some extent, in methods, models,
and procedures used.
If your research problem needed qualitative mode of
inquiry, you are most likely to use unstructured
interviews and observations rather than subjecting your
data to statistical procedures (used for quantitative
research) as your method for data collection.
Difference with Quantitative Qualitative research
respect to:
Underpinning research
Rationalism: “The Empiricism: “The
philosophy human beings only knowledge that
achieve knowledge human beings
because of their acquire is from
capacity to reason” sensory experiences”
(Bernard 1994: 2) (Bernard 1994: 2)
• Kumar, R. Research
Methodology: a step-by-step
Guide for Beginners, 2nd Edition,
Sage Publications, 2005.