INTRANET,EXTRANET,

INTERNET

DEEPTI KHANNA
INTRANET, EXTRANET & INTERNET
 INTRANET
An Intranet is an internet network that
is located inside the organisation & not generally
accessible by the general public.
It is based on the same technology components as
the Internet.

“An Intranet is Internet based

computing network that is private and
secure.”
Intranet Architecture
 Components Of
Standards
Intranet
Policies & Network Mgt
Software
Management

Content
Software
Security &
Tools
Data

Infrastructure
Servers Browsers

TCP/IP Hypermedia
databases
Network
 ADVANTAGES
 Better internal communication
 Improved customer service

 Sharing of best practices

 Reduction in paperwork

 Easily customized

 Ease of use
 DISADVANTAGES
 Collaborative applications for Intranets are not
as powerful as compared to the ones offered by
traditional groupware

 Less backend integration

 Short term risk

 APPLICATION
AREAS
 Publishing- delivering information & company
news as directories & web documents.

 Training- accessing & delivering various types of

e-learning to the user’s desktop.

 Workflow - automating a range of administrative

processes.
 Email - integrating the content of internet with
email services to enable information to be
distributed effectively.

 Document management - viewing, printing &

working collaboratively on office documents such
as spreadsheets.

 Frontend to corporate systems - providing

a common interface to corporate databases &
business information systems.
 ERP
Public/External CLIENTS SERVERS
Internet Users
Legacy
Systems

FIREWALLS INTRANET E-mail

Servers

Web
servers

Product
Database

Architecture of intranet
THE EXTRANET
THE EXTRANET
 An Extranet, or “extended intranet,” uses the TCP/IP
protocol networks of the internet, to link intranets in
different locations.
 Extranet transmissions are usually conducted over the
Internet, which offers little privacy or transmission
security.
THE STRUCTURE OF EXTRANETS
 Extranets are configured by two basic methods:
1. They can be implemented using a direct leased line with
full control over it, linking all intranets.
2. A secure link (tunnel) can be created across the Internet,
which can be used by the corporation as a VPN, usually at
a much lower cost.
EXTRANET PRODUCTS AND SERVICES
 Extranet development tools
 It provides the means and
facilities to design extranet
servers, a client-base,
security, EC applications,
and electronic catalogs.
 Extranet hosting and network
connectivity
 it provide secure ISP
connections to internet
backbones and host extranet
services for corporations.
EXTRANET PRODUCTS AND SERVICES

 Virtual private networks

 Extranet services  Provide components
 It provide extranet design specifically designed for
expertise with proprietary connecting remote operators
tools for building and and creating IP WANs for
operating extranet-based corporations.
services for corporate
clients.
EXTRANET TOOLS AND SERVICES
PROVIDERS
 CONSULTANTS who develop extranet network for
clients.
 DEVELOPERS who are using generally available
development tools or proprietary products.
 SYSTEM INTEGRATION firms that provide turnkey
solutions, including design, development, ISP
connectivity, and extranet hosting operations as a single
source.
 INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDER who already
operate the internet backbones.
BENEFITS OF EXTRANETS

 Enhanced communications
 Improved business partnership channels
 Effective marketing, sales, and customer support
 Collaborative activities support
 Improved internal communications
BENEFITS OF EXTRANETS

 Cost reduction
 Reduced error
 Improved comparison shopping
 Reduced travel and meetings
 Reduced administrative and operational costs
 Elimination of paper publishing costs
BENEFITS OF EXTRANETS

 Information delivery
 Low cost publishing
 Leveraging of legacy systems
 Standard delivery systems
 Ease of maintenance and implementation
 Elimination of paper publishing and mailing costs.
 Productivity enhancements
 Just-in-time information delivery
 Reduction of information overload
 Productive collaboration between work groups
 Training on demand

 Business enhancements
 Faster time to market
 Simultaneous engineering potential
 Lower design and production costs
 Improved client relationships
 new business opportunities
DIAGRAMMATIC CONTRAST OF THE
INTERNET, INTRANET, AND EXTRANET
 extranet

Suppliers

firewall
Clients

Distributors Intranet

Tunneling
internet

firewall
Customers Clients

Intranet
Internet
THE INTERNET IS A NETWORK OF
COMPUTERS LINKING MANY
DIFFERENT TYPE OF COMPUTER
ALL OVER THE WORLD.
 INTERNET SERVICES
Internet’s 4 basic services are as follows:
 ELECTRONIC MAIL

 FILE TRANSFER

 TELNET

 USENET NEWS
 USES OF INTERNET
•ONLINE COMMUNICATION

•SOFTWARE SHARING

•POSTINGOF INFORMATION OF GENERAL

INTEREST

•PRODUCT PROMOTION

•ONLINE SHOPPING
WORLD WIDE WEB(WWW)

THE WWW IS A SET OF PROTOCOLS AND SOFTWARE

THAT ALLOWS THE GLOBAL COMPUTER NETWORK
CALLED INTERNET TO DISPLAY MULTIMEDIA
DOCUMENTS.

IT HELPS IN HYPERTEXTING TWO WEB PAGES.USES

HTML(HYPERTEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE) TO CREATE
WEB PAGES.

USES HTTP (HYPERTEXT TRANSPORT PROTOCOL) FOR

INTERACTION BETWEEN COMPUTERS ON THE
INTERNET.
A NETWORK OF NETWORKS
The internet is a network of thousands interconnected networks.
Interconnected networks include:
1) the interconnected backbones that have international reach.
2) a multitude of access/delivery subnetworks.
3) thousands of private and institutional networks connecting various
organizational servers and containing much of the information of interest.
..THE BACKBONES ARE RUN BY THE
NETWORK SERVICE PROVIDERS (NSP’S).

..THE DELIVERY SUBNETWORKS ARE

PROVIDED BY THE LOCAL AND REGIONAL
INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDERS (ISP’S).

..THE ISP’S EXCHANGE DATA WITH THE NSP’S

AT THE NETWORK ACCESS POINTS (NAP’S).
INTERNET PROTOCOLS
A protocol is a set of rules that determines how two
computers communicate with one another over a network.
principles:-INTERNET PROTOCOLS
Interoperable – the system supports computers and
software from different vendors.
Layered – the collection of internet protocols works in
layers with each layer building on the layers at lower levels.
Simple – each of the layers in the architecture provides only
a few functions or operations.
End-to-end – the internet is based on “end-to-end”
protocols.
TCP/IP
 TCP/IP is actually a collection of protocols or rules that
governs the way data travel from one machine to another
across networks.
 The TCP ensures that two computers can communicate
with one another reliably.
 The request or response must be divided into packets
labeled with addresses of the sending and receiving
computers.
 IP formats the packets and assigns addresses.
 TCP/IP ARCHITECTURE

Application Layer
FTP,HTTP,Telnet,NNTP
Transport layer
TCP UDP
Internet protocol
(IP)
Network Interface Layer

Physical Layer
DOMAIN NAMES
 Names which refers particular computers on the internet.
 Eg: www.microsoft.com
 Domain names are divided into segments.
 www – specific computer

microsoft – subdomain
com – top-level domain
 Examples of top-level domains are com,edu,gov,
mil,net,org,int
 Each organization provides atleast 2 domain servers-
primary and secondary to handle overflow.
 Names are issued on first-come, first-serve basis.
INTERNET CLIENT/SERVER
APPLICATIONS
 2 major classes of software :-
- client software , usually residing on an end user’s
desktop and providing navigation and display.
- server software , usually residing on a workstation or
server-class machine and providing back-end data access
services.
 Application protocol purpose
E-mail Simple mail transport protocol Allows the transmission of text
(SMTP) messages and binary attachments
Post office protocol version 3 across the internet.
(POP3)
Internet message access protocol
(IMAP)
Multipurpose internet mail
extensions (MIME)

file transfer File transfer protocol Enables files to be uploaded and

(FTP) downloaded across the internet.

chat Internet relay chat protocol (IRC) Provides a way for users to talk to
one another in real time over the
internet.

UseNet Newsgroups Network news Transfer Protocol Discussions forums where users
(NNTP) can asynchronously post
messages and read messages
posted by others.

World wide web HyperText Transport Protocol Offers access to hypertext

(HTTP) documents, executable programs,
and other internet resources.
WEB BROWSERS
 A web browser connects a web server and sends a
request for information, receives the information and
displays it on the user’s computer.
 The client software that assembles the graphical display
from the HTML text file (web page) for display to the
end user.
 Two major browsers are netscape navigator and internet
explorer.
WEB SERVER
A web server is a computer program that delivers
content, such as web pages , using the hypertext transfer
protocol.
or,
A web server is a piece of software that enables a website
to be viewed using HTTP. HTTP (HyperText Transfer
Protocol) is the key protocol for the transfer of data on
the web.
 OSI MODEL
(OPEN SYSTEM
INTERCONNECTION MODEL)
DEFINITION
 . Open system interconnection model (OSI MODEL) is a
framework for defining standards for linking heterogeneous
computers in a packet switched network.

 The standardized OSI protocols made it possible for any two

heterogeneous computer systems , located anywhere in the
world , to easily communicate with each other
LAYERS OF OSI
MODEL
1. PHYSICAL LAYER
 Covers the physical interface between devices.

 Deals with mechanical , electrical , procedural and functional

characteristics of transmission.

 Data is transferred only between the lowest layers i.e. the

physical layers of the source and destination.
2. DATA LINK LAYER
 Responsible for establishing error-free communication path.

 Performs cyclic redundancy check (CRC).

 Multiplexes different messages onto the same transmission

channel.

 Uses synchronous and asynchronous transmission techniques.

3. NETWORK LAYER
 Sets up a logical path between the source and the destination
computers.

 The message to be transmitted is first fragmented into packets.

 Then it performs sequencing and error control of these packets.

 Routing decisions are taken at this layer.

4. TRANSPORT LAYER
 Provides control standards for a communication session.

 Splits the message into smaller units and appends a header to

each unit.

 Controls message flow between sender and receiver.

 Multiplexes several message streams onto one physical

channel.
5. SESSION LAYER
 Provides means of establishing , maintaining and terminating a
dialogue or a session between two end users.

 Specifies dialogue type.

 Regulates the direction of message flow.

6. PRESENTATION LAYER
 Provides facilities to convert encoded transmitted data
into displayable form.

 Perform text compression , code conversion or security

encryption on the message.
7. APPLICATION LAYER
 It is a user oriented layer.

 Offered services include file transfers , remote file

access , database management, etc..

 Provides network transparency to the end users.