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9-5 Solving Quadratic Equations by

Factoring
Warm Up
Find each product.

1. (x + 2)(x + 7) 2. (x – 11)(x + 5)
x2 + 9x + 14 x2 – 6x – 55
3. (x – 10)2 x2 – 20x + 100

Factor each polynomial.

4. x2 + 12x + 35 5. x2 + 2x – 63
(x + 5)(x + 7) (x – 7)(x + 9)
6. x2 – 10x + 16 7. 2x2 – 16x + 32
(x – 2)(x – 8) 2(x – 4)2
You have solved quadratic equations by graphing.
Another method used to solve quadratic equations is
to factor and use the Zero Product Property.
Additional Example 1A: Use the Zero Product Property
Use the Zero Product Property to solve the
equation. Check your answer.

(x – 7)(x + 2) = 0
Use the Zero Product
x – 7 = 0 or x + 2 = 0
Property.
x = 7 or x = –2 Solve each equation.
Additional Example 1A Continued
Use the Zero Product Property to solve the
equation. Check your answer.

Check (x – 7)(x + 2) = 0
(7 – 7)(7 + 2) 0
(0)(9) 0
Substitute each solution
0 0
for x in the original
Check (x – 7)(x + 2) = 0 equation.
(–2 – 7)(–2 + 2) 0
(–9)(0) 0
0 0
Additional Example 1B: Use the Zero Product Property
Use the Zero Product Property to solve each
equation. Check your answer.
(x – 2)(x) = 0
(x)(x – 2) = 0 Use the Zero Product
x = 0 or x – 2 = 0 Property.
x=2 Solve the second
equation.

Check (x – 2)(x) = 0 Substitute (x – 2)(x) = 0


each solution
(0 – 2)(0) 0 (2 – 2)(2) 0
for x in the
(–2)(0) 0 original (0)(2) 0
0 0 equation. 0 0
Check It Out! Example 1a
Use the Zero Product Property to solve each
equation. Check your answer.

(x)(x + 4) = 0 Use the Zero Product


x = 0 or x + 4 = 0 Property.
x = –4 Solve the second equation.

Check (x)(x + 4) = 0 Substitute (x)(x +4) = 0


each solution
(0)(0 + 4) 0 for x in the (–4)(–4 + 4) 0
(0)(4) 0 original (–4)(0) 0
0 0 equation. 0 0
Check It Out! Example 1b
Use the Zero Product Property to solve the
equation. Check your answer.

(x + 4)(x – 3) = 0

x + 4 = 0 or x – 3 = 0 Use the Zero Product


Property.
x = –4 or x=3 Solve each equation.
Check It Out! Example 1b Continued
Use the Zero Product Property to solve the
equation. Check your answer.
(x + 4)(x – 3) = 0
Check (x + 4)(x – 3 ) = 0
(–4 + 4)(–4 –3) 0
(0)(–7) 0 Substitute each
0 0 solution for x in
Check (x + 4)(x – 3 ) = 0 the original
equation.
(3 + 4)(3 – 3) 0
(7)(0) 0
0 0
You may need to factor before using the Zero
Product Property. You can check your answers by
substituting into the original equation or by
graphing. If the factored form of the equation has
two different factors, the graph of the related
function will cross the x-axis in two places. If the
factored form has two identical factors, the graph
will cross the x-axis in one place.
Helpful Hint
To review factoring techniques, see Lessons 8-3
through 8-5.
Additional Example 2A: Solving Quadratic
Equations by Factoring
Solve the quadratic equation by factoring.
Check your answer.
x2 – 6x + 8 = 0
(x – 4)(x – 2) = 0 Factor the trinomial.
x – 4 = 0 or x – 2 = 0 Use the Zero Product
x = 4 or x = 2 Property.
Solve each equation.
Check Check
x2 – 6x + 8 = 0 x2 – 6x + 8 = 0
(4)2 – 6(4) + 8 0 (2)2 – 6(2) + 8 0
16 – 24 + 8 0 4 – 12 + 8 0
0 0 0 0
Additional Example 2B: Solving Quadratic
Equations by Factoring
Solve the quadratic equation by factoring.
Check your answer.
x2 + 4x = 21
The equation must be written in
x + 4x = 21
2
standard form. So subtract
–21 –21
21 from both sides.
x + 4x – 21 = 0
2

(x + 7)(x –3) = 0 Factor the trinomial.

x + 7 = 0 or x – 3 = 0 Use the Zero Product Property.


x = –7 or x = 3 Solve each equation.
Additional Example 2B Continued

Check Graph the related quadratic function. Because


there are two solutions found by factoring, the graph
should cross the x-axis in two places.
● ●
The graph of y = x2 + 4x – 21
intersects the x-axis at x = –7
and x = 3, the same as the
solutions from factoring. 
Additional Example 2C: Solving Quadratic
Equations by Factoring
Solve the quadratic equation by factoring.
Check your answer.
x2 – 12x + 36 = 0
(x – 6)(x – 6) = 0 Factor the trinomial.
x – 6 = 0 or x – 6 = 0 Use the Zero Product Property.

x=6 or x=6 Solve each equation.

Both factors result in the same solution, so there


is one solution, 6.
Additional Example 2C Continued

Check Graph the related quadratic function.

The graph of y = x2 – 12x + 36


shows one zero at 6, the same
as the solution from factoring. 


Additional Example 2D: Solving Quadratic
Equations by Factoring
Solve the quadratic equation by factoring.
Check your answer.
–2x2 = 20x + 50
–2x2 = 20x + 50 The equation must be written in
+2x2 +2x2 standard form. So add 2x2 to
0 = 2x2 + 20x + 50 both sides.
2x2 + 20x + 50 = 0
2(x2 + 10x + 25) = 0 Factor out the GCF 2.
2(x + 5)(x + 5) = 0 Factor the trinomial.
2≠0 or x + 5 = 0 Use the Zero Product Property.
x = –5 Solve the equation.
Additional Example 2D Continued
Solve the quadratic equation by factoring.
Check your answer.

–2x2 = 20x + 50

Check
–2x2 = 20x + 50
Substitute –5 into the
–2(–5) 2
20(–5) + 50
original equation.
–50 –100 + 50
–50 –50 
Check It Out! Example 2a
Solve the quadratic equation by factoring.
Check your answer.
x2 – 6x + 9 = 0
Factor the trinomial.
(x – 3)(x – 3) = 0 Use the Zero Product
x – 3 = 0 or x – 3 = 0 Property.
x = 3 or x = 3 Solve each equation.
The only solution is 3.
Check
x2 – 6x + 9 = 0 Substitute 3 into the
(3)2 – 6(3) + 9 0 original equation.
9 – 18 + 9 0
0 0
Check It Out! Example 2b
Solve the quadratic equation by factoring.
Check your answer.
x2 + 4x = 5
x2 + 4x = 5 Write the equation in standard
–5 –5 form. Add –5 to both sides.
x2 + 4x – 5 = 0

(x – 1)(x + 5) = 0 Factor the trinomial.

x – 1 = 0 or x + 5 = 0 Use the Zero Product Property.


x=1 or x = –5 Solve each equation.
Check It Out! Example 2b Continued

Check Graph the related quadratic function. Because


there are two solutions found by factoring, the graph
should cross the x-axis in two places.

The graph of y = x2 + 4x – 5
● ● intersects the x-axis at x = 1
and x = –5, the same as the
solutions from factoring.
Check It Out! Example 2c
Solve the quadratic equation by factoring.
Check your answer.
30x = –9x2 – 25
Write the equation in standard
–9x2 – 30x – 25 = 0 form.
–1(9x2 + 30x + 25) = 0 Factor out the GCF, –1.
–1(3x + 5)(3x + 5) = 0 Factor the trinomial.
–1 ≠ 0 or 3x + 5 = 0 Use the Zero Product Property.
– 1 cannot equal 0.
Solve the remaining equation.
Check It Out! Example 2c Continued

Check Graph the related quadratic function.


Because there is one solution found by factoring,
the graph should cross the x-axis in one place.


The graph of y = –9x2 – 30x – 25
intersects the x-axis at x = ,
the same as the solution from
factoring. 
Check It Out! Example 2d
Solve the quadratic equation by factoring. Check
your answer.
3x2 – 4x + 1 = 0

(3x – 1)(x – 1) = 0 Factor the trinomial.

3x – 1 = 0 or x – 1 = 0 Use the Zero Product Property.

or x = 1 Solve each equation.


Check It Out! Example 2d Continued

Check Check
3x2 – 4x + 1 = 0 3x2 – 4x + 1 = 0
3(1)2 – 4(1) + 1 0
3 –4 +1 0 3–4+1 0
0 0

0 0
Additional Example 3: Application
The height in feet of a diver above the water
can be modeled by h(t) = –16t2 + 8t + 8,
where t is time in seconds after the diver
jumps off a platform. Find the time it takes
for the diver to reach the water.
h = –16t2 + 8t + 8
The diver reaches the water
0 = –16t + 8t + 8
2
when h = 0.
0 = –8(2t2 – t – 1) Factor out the GCF, –8.
0 = –8(2t + 1)(t – 1) Factor the trinomial.
Additional Example 3 Continued
Use the Zero Product
–8 ≠ 0, 2t + 1 = 0 or t – 1= 0 Property.
2t = –1 or t = 1 Solve each equation.

 Since time cannot be


negative, does not
It takes the diver 1 second make sense in this
to reach the water. situation.
Check 0 = –16t2 + 8t + 8
0 –16(1)2 + 8(1) + 8 Substitute 1 into the
0 –16 + 8 + 8 original equation.
0 0
Check It Out! Example 3
What if…? The equation for the height above
the water for another diver can be modeled
by h = –16t2 + 8t + 24. Find the time it takes
this diver to reach the water.

h = –16t2 + 8t + 24
The diver reaches the water
0 = –16t + 8t + 24
2
when h = 0.

0 = –8(2t2 – t – 3) Factor out the GCF, –8.

0 = –8(2t – 3)(t + 1) Factor the trinomial.


Check It Out! Example 3 Continued
Use the Zero Product
–8 ≠ 0, 2t – 3 = 0 or t + 1= 0
Property.
2t = 3 or t = –1 Solve each equation.
t = 1.5 Since time cannot be
negative, –1 does not
It takes the diver 1.5 make sense in this
seconds to reach the water.
situation.
Check 0 = –16t2 + 8t + 24
0 –16(1.5)2 + 8(1.5) + 24
0 –36 + 12 + 24 Substitute 1.5 into the
0 0 original equation.
Lesson Quiz: Part I

Use the Zero Product Property to solve each


equation. Check your answers.
1. (x – 10)(x + 5) = 0 10, –5
2. (x + 5)(x) = 0 –5, 0
Solve each quadratic equation by factoring.
Check your answer.
3. x2 + 16x + 48 = 0 –4, –12
4. x2 – 11x = –24 3, 8
Lesson Quiz: Part II

5. 2x2 + 12x – 14 = 0 1, –7
6. x2 + 18x + 81 = 0 –9
7. –4x2 = 16x + 16 –2
8. The height of a rocket launched upward from
a 160 foot cliff is modeled by the function
h(t) = –16t2 + 48t + 160, where h is height
in feet and t is time in seconds. Find the
time it takes the rocket to reach the ground
at the bottom of the cliff.
5s

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