mCurriculum Planning Process

mContext of Schooling
mInstructional Variables
mPlanning Considerations
mPlanning for Classroom Instructions
Instruction in school is always a subset of curriculum
planning.

The substance, methodology and assessment of

classroom can be only understood by the purpose of
curriculum.

The classroom teacher is always be the final filter in

curriculum work.

Teachers, too as curriculum developers must exercise

their ability to influence classroom learning to the best of
their professional knowledge.
6

   



@esign

Evaluation Analysis

Implementation
 
a. Review curriculum plans
b. State and Select Objectives
c. Organize content by time

 3irstly., the teacher need to understand the nature of teaching task.

 This includes an identification of teaching objectives and students
outcomes in curriculum.
 This will including content outlines, textbooks and guides. Teacher
should request and study these aids prior to teaching so that they can
determine the overall objective of the curriculum.
 
a. Asses student ability
b. @etermine relevance to students
c. Reform objectives if necessary

 In second phase teachers should seek whatever information is

available,
To determine who they are teaching.

 An early determination should be made on students ability such as :

Knowledge ,skills,background,intelligence or maturation.
 
a. Consider possible methodology
b. Review existing knowledge base

 In this phase,the teacher is fully into design work and operating of an

Ô
ë m the task is t teach this material but my students are
poor readers,
I must ǥ..

 The possibilities for applied methodology are many .3


presents eighteen common methods that may be appropriate
for accomplishing curricular task.
O
 6   

÷3. Lecture
7.@rill ÷4. Manipulative &
÷.Comparative Analysis
8.Experimentation Tactile Activity.
2.Conference
9.3ield Experience ÷5.Modelling &
3.@emonstration
÷ .3ield Trip Imitation
4.@ianogsis
÷÷.Group Work ÷6.Problem Solving
5.@irect Observation
÷2.Laboratory ÷7.Programmed
6.@iscussion Instruction
Experience
÷8.Computer Assisted
 
a. Implement instructional strategies
b. Make corrections as appropriate

 Teacher is actually delivering instruction in classroom under live

conditions.
 As the teacher deliver the lesson, all of the planning pays off in a
predictable set of events.

 Adjustment of variables such as ;

r time (too much or too little)
r Materials and equipment
r Studentsǯ behaviour
r And some others variables found in any classroom.
  
a. Select assessment devices
b. Collect evidence of students growth

 3
 is very importance from a curriculum perspective since most
curricula are sequential learning and often dependent on previous learning.

 3or example, in some states §
§testing is conducted periodically to

ensure that learning is occuring.Whether these structures are in place or not
teaching is improve in classroom and teacher build evaluation into their
lesson plan.
 åonobtrusive measures,such as the number of library books checked out
after a topic is taught ,can be  
p
§for teacher.
  
a. Judge success of strategies
b. Make planning adjustment
c. Match outcomes to expectations

 3inally, each teacher as a curriculum worker will be judge of his /her

own teaching.

 In this phase, teacher compares expectation of the curriculum with

the result of the teaching.
 %"#&"3'(%

X 

X 
X
X 
X
X  
 
X !   
X 
X" #$ 
 
 
 School is a social experiences, the  This programs compensate to seek
higher social economic status of remedy deficiencies in a disadvantage
student (SES),the greater his/her studentǯs background
educational achievement.
by providing specific curricula
designed to make up what is lacking.
 Advantagedz children perform in
different way than do disadvantagedz
 
children.
 Some researchers believe that










 
    


 


 Closely related to social & economic is 
 

the readiness of students to benefit


 
from schooling.
 There are six type of


 
 How student perceive their social have been suggested as important for
environtment,peer acceptance, student success at school.
motivation and
attribution of academic success.
 ? r
r 

" )Children participating in

activities at home.

* ëHome responsibilities,

participation and decision
making.

+  - Parents recognize students

growth and advancement.

  - Parents influence peer

relations.

   - Clear and realistic

expectation for behavior.

" - Parents insist on time

management for schoolwork
 
 It has been estimated that students 
spend about seven hours in school
per day.
 The physical setting of classroom
affects the psychology, emotion and
physiology of learning.
  
( 
Organizing factors influence
classroom instruction such as ;
÷.management and discipline
2. Retention
3.Testing and Evaluation of Students.

 Physical space, seating pattern, light

colour,noise and temperature all
combine to orient the child to
learning experience.
!     
Can be define as




 





 

 


 
 "  #$ 
 School spend a great deal of time
 


       assessing students by testing and
r 6

sorting them to graded
r 
 


 performances.
r   3or examples, students take
r   m
competency exam in most states to
demonstrate progress through a

 prescribe curriculum before they
  




 
 can go into college.


 
   
   Most school tests are threaded as
   in that
 
 

 
 they are used to compare students
 


   
 progress against of other students.



 Instructional Variables
[ A large number of instructional
variables related to student learning
have been studied. Each of the
variables is ,of course influenced by
the purpose of teaching act.

These are some of the best-evidence areas ;

a) Ability grouping
b) Teacher Expectation
c) Use of Praise
d) Questions
e) Memory and Attention
f) Attribution
g) Self Concept
h) Gender Bias
i) Small Learning Groups
j) Learning /Teaching Styles