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In this congressional system, members
are in charge of choosing the
executive.

WHAT IS A PARLIAMENT?
mnder the original m.S. |

,
members of Congress, were selected
in this indirect way.

WHAT ARE STATE LEGISLATmRES?

 Throughout the existence of the Senate, the
filibuster has been used by both sides despite it
being unpopular. There have been attempts to
restrict its use. Today, it takes this many Senators
to end debate.

WHAT IS 60?
 In this type of voting district, the winner of
the election gets less than 55% of the vote.

WHAT IS A MARGINAL DISTRICT?

This explanation for congressional voting
behavior assumes members vote to
please their constituents.

WHAT IS REPRESENTATIONAL?
 When establishing the office of the
president, delegates to the Constitutional
Convention feared these two things
EQmALLY.

WHAT ARE MONARCY AND ANARCHY?

 Alexander Hamilton gave a five hour
speech at the Constitutional Convention
calling for this kind of executive.

WHAT IS AN ELECTIVE MONARCHY?

This method became the Framers solution
for the debate of how to elect the
president.

WHAT IS THE ELECTORAL COLLEGE?

 The two-term tradition was initiated by
President Washington but is now official
law under this amendment.

WHAT IS THE 22ND AMENDMENT?

Prior to the 1850s, this president made the
most vigorous use of the veto power.

WHO IS ANDREW JACKSON?

This is the chief judicial weapon in the
government¶s system of checks and
balances.

WHAT IS JmDICIAL REVIEW?

This type of judge would approach
law in a manner that supports that
courts should make as well as
interpret the law.

WHAT IS AN ACTIVIST?
The m.S. |

makes this court(s)
the only mandated court.

WHAT IS THE SmPREME COmRT?

 This practice occurs when
presidents are appointing only
justices who agree with their own
political philosophy.

WHAT IS COmRT-PACKING?
Along with the issue of slavery, between
1789 and 1861, the Supreme Court was
primarily occupied with this dominating
issue.

WHAT IS NATIONAL SmPREMACY?

This shapely relationship once described the
communication exchange between an
agency, committee, and interest groups. It
has effectively been replaced by a more
complex system.

WHAT IS AN IRON TRIANGLE?

 During most of the nineteenth and
twentieth centuries, appointments to the
civil service were based primarily on this
system.

WHAT IS PATRONAGE?

ureaucrats who report misconduct of their
bosses regarding recruitment, retention, and
abuse of office are protected under this 1989
Act.

WHAT IS THE WHISTLE-

LOWER ACT?
 A dramatic increase in activism by the
federal bureaucracy occurred in the twentieth
century largely as a consequence of these
two world wide situations.

WHAT IS THE GREAT DEPRESSION AND WWII?

This important federal agency demanded
an eight-fold increase in the amount of
federal employees between 1813 and
1861.

WHAT IS THE POST OFFICE?

This case decided that there is no
unqualified presidential privilege of
immunity from judicial process.

WHAT IS mNITED STATES V. NIXON?

 This case held that the federal
government could pass any laws
necessary and proper to the attainment
of constitutional goals.

WHAT IS = |
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In this CLASS-ACTION SmIT, the Supreme Court
determined that segregation in public places is no
longer legal.

WHAT IS BROWNBOARDOF DU|ATION

In this case, the court determined that
slaves are not citizens and could not
legally sue in court.

WHAT IS DR D
|OTT
ANFORD?
This Supreme Court case upheld judicial
review of congressional acts.

WHAT IS =ARBURY=ADI
ON?
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 This member of the Senate is
considered to be the real officer of
leadership.

WHO IS THE MAJORITY LEADER?

A member of the Senate has just been elected to
a position that requires him to keep the majority
leader informed about the opinions of other part
members. He has just been elected to this office.

WHAT IS THE MAJORITY WHIP?

 These Congressional committees are
usually the only ones that can report out
bills, making them the ë important
committees.

WHAT ARE STANDING COMMITTEES?

 This type of resolution requires the
approval of both houses and the signature
of the president.

WHAT IS A JOINT RESOLmTION?

 This type of bill has many non-
germane amendments tacked on but
despite its name usually does not
fancy a star on top.

WHAT IS A CHRISTMAS TREE

ILL?
This rule states that power tends to
be wielded by the people who are in
the room when a decision is made.

WHAT IS THE RmLE OF PROPINQmITY?

When President Reagan appointed a chief
of staff in 1985, he was acting according to
this model of White House Office staff
organization.

WHAT IS PYRAMIDAL ORGANIZATION?

 This is most important agency in the
Executive Office of the President in terms
of providing administrative assistance.

WHAT IS THE OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND

mDGET?
Although enjoyed by some state executives,
this action on legislation has never been
legally approved for use by the president.

WHAT IS A LINE-ITEM VETO?

 These two states give out electoral votes
proportional to the percent each candidate
receives in the general election.

WHAT ARE MAINE AND NE

RASKA?
 Senatorial courtesy is an especially
important consideration in nominations to
court.

WHAT IS A DISTRICT COmRT?

 To put a case on the docket of the
Supreme Court, it must have the approval
of this many justices.

WHAT IS FOmR?
 The original jurisdiction in a case where
California is suing Arizona over the use of
the Colorado River would be held in this
court.

WHAT IS THE m.S. SmPREME COmRT?

This author of the Fee, describes
the Judiciary as the branch ³least
dangerous´ to political rights of citizens.

WHO IS ALEXANDER HAMILTON?

 This is a law practice established for low
income participants in civil suits makes the
loser pay the court costs.

WHAT IS FEE SHIFTING?

In the first Congress, it was decided that
appointed federal officials could only be
removable by this member(s) of
government.

WHO IS THE PRESIDENT?

 Relative to their share of the population,
Republicans tend to be overrepresented in this
agency or department.

WHAT IS THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE?

This bureaucratic recruitment strategy would
take place if an agency committed to
consumer protection hires someone from a
private environmental protection group.

WHAT IS AN ISSmE NETWORK RECRmITMENT?

The merit system of appointments began
with this 1883 legislation.

WHAT IS THE PENDLETON ACT?

This term describes when an agency such
as the Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) makes an important decision; it is
likely to be taken to court to challenge its
judgment. It often produces enemies.

WHAT IS AN ADVERSARY CmLTmRE?

 This Amendment created the
position of ³acting president´ to take
over when a President has been
deemed incapacitated or dead.

WHAT IS THE 25TH AMENDMENT?

This is the MOST powerful group in
Congress in terms of control over an
agency¶s budget.

WHAT IS THE HOmSE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE?

While conferencing on which cases to put
on the docket, the Supreme Court issues
this in order to obtain the records from the
lower courts that heard the case.

WHAT IS A WRIT OF CERTIORARI?

 This type of Supreme Court opinion
unofficially announces the decision of the
Court without the Constitutional backgrounds
or reasoning.

WHAT IS A PER CmRIAM OPINION?

This is the most likely way an interest group
such as the ACLm or the NAACP would
attempt to influence the Supreme Court.

WHAT IS AN AMICmS CmRIAE

RIEFING?
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