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PRODUCTION
Introduction
Animal and agricultural wastes constitute a high proportion
of biomass and their utilization and recycling is important for
economical and environmental aspects.
Anaerobic digestion Methanogens the most widely used
processes for treating these wastes and represents an
attractive method for treating organic wastes for biogas
production as alternative energy sources
PROBLEM DEFINITION
Fossil fuel sources depletion
Need for a renewable energy source
Effective utilization of plant, animal, human and agricultural
waste.
CH4
CO2
How is it made?
Biogas is produced by the breakdown of organic waste by
bacteria without oxygen (anaerobic digestion or
fermentation).
Leftover food from houses, shops,
restaurants and factories
• Daily, fresh slurry is added, displacing previous days load that bacteria have
started to digest
• Amount of biogas depends on the waste itself and design of the digester.
• Some digesters can yield 20 liters of biogas per kilogram of waste up to 800 liters per kilogram.
• Factors: waste quality, digester design, temperature, system operation, presence of oxygen.
Methanogens
• Methanogens are group of microbes known as methanogens
that produce methane gas
• They can be used as sources of biogas
• This would be a renewable source of energy
Classification
•Methanogens belong to the Archaea group
•Examples
Methanococcus jannaschii
Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum
BEA Dithmarschen
Biogas composition
Matter %
Methane, CH4 50-75
Carbon dioxide, CO2 25-50
Nitrogen, N2 0-10*
Hydrogen, H2 0-1
Hydrogen sulphide, H2S 0-3
Oxygen, O2 0-2*
2. (acidogenic digestate) is a stable organic material
comprised largely of lignin and chitin, but also of a variety
of mineral components in a matrix of dead bacterial cells;
some plastic may be present. This resembles domestic
compost and can be used as compost or to make low grade
building products such as fibreboard.
3. A liquid (methanogenic digestate) that is rich in nutrients and
can be an excellent fertilizer dependent on the quality of the
material being digested.
Biogas production
Graduated gas
Cylinder •