ARTISTS

AND ARTISANS
Intended Learning Outcomes:
At the end of the lesson, the students must have:
• identified the medium in various forms of art, viz.,
visual, auditory, and combined arts;

• defined an artist’s or artisan’s medium and

technique;

• defined the role of managers, curators, buyers,

collectors, art dealers in the art world;
Intended Learning Outcomes:
At the end of the lesson, the students must have:
• differentiated between artist’s and artisan
approach/technique toward a particular medium;
• understood that the artisan’s work is an end in itself
and the artist’s work is a means to an end; and
• identified national and GAMABA artists’ notable
works and their contribution to society.
 ARTIS
T

The word “artist” is

generally defined as an
art practitioner
 ARTIS
T

who produces or creates

indirectly functional arts with
aesthetic value using
imagination.
Artwork by Ericka Mae Chavez BSTM 1-A

Artist are creative individuals who use their

imagination and skills to communicate in an
art form.

Artists look to many sources for inspiration.

Some look forward to their natural and
cultural environment for ideas; others look
within themselves for creative motivation.
Artwork by Christine Joy P. Dionisio BSTM 1-C

Artist exhibit the courage to take risk. They

are willing to work intensely for long period
of time to achieve their goals.
Artwork by Scott Bell Ross Montejo BSCRIM 1-B

Some artist are self-taught (folk-artist)

because they are not educated in traditional
artistic methods.
Artwork by Jean C. Panes BSCRIM 1-E

Just like the artists, the artisan learn skills

and techniques from some other artist but
eventually, both artist and artisans, develop
their own unique styles.
 ARTISA
N

An ARTISAN is a craftsman
who produces directly
functional and/or decorative
arts.
Artisan help us in meeting our basic needs,
such as food, clothing, dwelling, furniture,
and kitchen utensils; they craft everything
that makes our life easy.
The artisan’s works are useful, relevant, and
essential in our daily life.
The ARTISAN is basically a physical worker
who makes objects with his or her hands, and
who through skill, experience, and ability can
produce things of great beauty, as well as
usefulness.
Artisans are devoted only to the creative part,
making visually pleasant work, only for the
gratification and appreciation of the viewer.
 KEY
COMPONENTS
OF THE
ART MARKET
Key Components of the Art Market

Curator
Art Buyer
Art Dealer
Private Collection
 C U R ATO R

A manager or overseer and usually a keeper of a

cultural heritage institution (gallery, museum,
library or archive)
 C U R ATO R

A content specialist charged with an institution’s

collections, selecting art to be displayed in
museum, organizing art exhibitions in galleries or
public places, researching artist and writing
catalogs and involved with the interpretation of
heritage.
 ART B U Y E R

A professional who is knowledgeable in art,

who may scout talents for an advertising agency
seeking to employ an art director, or who may
look for an art for collector or company.
 A RT D E A L E R

A person or a company that buys and sells works

of art.

Art dealers often study the history of art before

starting their careers.
 A RT D E A L E R

They keep up with the trends in the market and

are knowledgeable about the style of art that
people want to buy.
 A RT D E A L E R

They figure out how much they should pay for a piece
and then estimate the resale price.

To determine the artwork’s value, dealer inspect the

objects or paintings closely and compare the fine details
with similar pieces.
 P R I VAT E C O L L E C T I O N

This is personal owned collection of works, usually a

collection of art.

In museum or art-gallery environment, the term signifies

that a certain work is not owned by the institution, but
is on loan from an individual or organization, either for
temporary exhibition or for the long term.
 P R I VAT E C O L L E C T I O N

The source is usually from an ART COLLECTOR,

although it could be from a school, church organization,
from bank or from other private company or any
institution.
 THE CREATIVE
PROCESS
Robert Fritz, enumerated
the steps in the creative
process, and said that
creating is a skill that can
be learned and developed.
Like any other skill, we
learn by practice and
hands-on experience – we
can learn to create by
creating.
Basic Steps in the
Creative Process
1. Conceive the result you want to
create.

Creation starts at the end. We need to have an

idea of what we want to create. We need a vision
– individual or collective – that we want to
Basic Steps in the
Creative Process
2. Know what currently exists.

It is difficult to create something novel and/or

original in any area of knowledge without being
aware of what is being done in that area.
Basic Steps in the
Creative Process
3. Take action.

Having a wonderful idea or vision is not enough.

You have to do something to make it real,
generate criticism.
 Basic Steps in the
Creative Process
4. Learn the rhythms of the creative
process.
Creators have a higher ability to tolerate discrepancy than
most other. When you create, you become a player of forces
such as contrast, opposites, similarities, differences, time,
balance, and etc. If there is more discrepancy, there is more
force to work with. If there is less discrepancy, there is
Basic Steps in the
Creative Process
5. Create momentum.

Each new creation gives you added experience

and knowledge of your own creative process.
You will naturally increase your ability to
envision what you want and your ability to bring
those results into being.
 in the
Five STAGES
CREATIVE
Preparation Incubation

PROCESS
Insight

Evaluation Elaboration
 James Taylor

• James Taylor is a UK
based, award-winning A UK based,
Creativity Expert and award-winning
Entrepreneur Creativity
Expert and
Entrepreneur
 PREPARATION
Absorbing as much
information as you can.
Also known as the
“getting inspiration
stage” according to
James Taylor.
It is where you want to
immerse yourself
completely in your
subject and aspirations.
Artwork by Rosemarie S. Cordero BSTM 1-
James Taylor:

“The best place to do this preparation stage is in a

quiet environment. Because what you’re really trying
to do here is absorb as much as possible – and that
does require sitting on your backside and just reading
and thinking and speaking to people, just letting in.”

Example:
Musician - listening to the albums
Writer - reading as many books
INCUBATION

There is no specific time that you

need to give the incubation stage.

Artwork by Mjel Janthili P. Tredez TM 1-B

James Taylor:

“On the surface people think you are doing

nothing, but what you’re actually doing is you’re
putting all this stuff… into the back of your mind
and you’re letting all your subconscious
essentially churn through all this information.”
James Taylor:

“This can take days, weeks, sometimes

months… The idea is that you may be thinking
about [your subject] in the back of your mind but
it’s not really absorbing and it’s not something
you can really push. You let your subconscious
do the heavy lifting here.”
 INSIGHT
If you think hard enough about your creation, or
for long enough, eventually you’ll reach some
sort of breakthrough.

For a writer, it might be overcoming writer’s

block. For a musician, it might be discovering a
new beat that works well with your melody.

Taylor mentioned that often you might find these

moments come up while doing some sort of low-
level activity.

Artwork by Ma. Dareen Montejo CRIM 1-C

James Taylor:

“This is the classic ‘a-ha!’ moment, or the “eureka!’

moment. Interestingly, It’s probably the smallest
part of the creative process, in terms of time, but it’s
the one that they make the films about… What
you’ll tend to find is that you’ll have lots of series
of these little insights and moments.”
 EVALUATION
This could be the most
difficult stage for some.

We tend to have a lot of ideas

all of the time, but it doesn’t
mean they are all good ideas.
In this stage, you’ll have to
learn to sift through them all
to find the most viable option.

Artwork by Glory Mae Casamayor CRIM 1-

 EVALUATION

The evaluation stage is where you can

have a different hat and you actually have
to be self-critical of the ideas.

Look for people that will give you

useful feedback.
James Taylor:

This point of this stage you want to know “is this

an idea worth for sharing.” The point of the
evaluation stage is having a lot of ideas and
knowing which idea is this worth doing and
spending time, energy and resources on pursuing
this idea.
 ELABORATION

This is the most important stage of the

creative process. This is the moment
we take action.

The ‘go get it done’ portion of the journey

that will make or break your project.

Artwork by Reynan Paul P. Apid CRIM 1-E

 ELABORATION
This is where people
talk about your 1% inspiration and
99% perspiration.

This is where you do the work. You start to

test and to micro test, and get more
feedback on your on your ideas.

A lot of the work happens

at the preparation stage and then at the
execution stage.

Artwork by Rolyn Grace Astorga CRIM 1-E

James Taylor:

“Some days will be easy, and some days you’ll

get more of these insights than others as well,
but you’ll have to start by doing the work and
building in some kind of system for yourself that
works around your life and what you’re out to
do.”
Insight Elaboration
The Production
Process
 Production
Preproduction
PROCESS
Production

Postproduction
 PREPRODUCTION

• Is the process of planning some of the

elements involved in a film, play, or
other performances.

• It ends when the planning ends and the content

starts being produced.

Artwork by Ronvil Itucas TM 1-A

 PREPRODUCTION

• The artist always begins with an idea he wants

to express or communicate with his audience.

• It may not necessarily be fully formulated, and

so some form of exposure, research, and other
approaches may be explored to get the idea
long before actually making the artwork.

Artwork by Ronvil Itucas TM 1-A

 PRODUCTION

• The action of making or manufacturing from

components or raw materials.

• Production is the method of turning raw materials

or inputs into finished goods or products in a
manufacturing process. In other words, it means
the creation of something from basic inputs.

Artwork by Cerelo Molina CRIM 1 - E

 POSTPRODUCTION

• Once an artwork is finished it will then be

decided on how it will be circulated not only
in the art world, but many publics (galleries,
museums, performance halls, theaters, etc.)

Artwork by Mylene Joy C. Montejo TM 1 - C

 MEDIUM,
TECHNIQUE AND
APPROACH
MEDIUM
• It refers to the
materials that are
used by an artist
to create a work of
art.
MEDIUM
• Without the medium,
an idea remain a
concept, or it would
just dwell in the
walls of the artist’s
imagination. It is
challenging to
manipulate medium
and transform it
from its raw state.
MEDIUM

It can be classified into three:

• Visual
• Auditory
• Combined
 Visual Arts Medium
These are grouped into
TWO CLASSES:
1. Dimensional or Two-
Dimensional Arts
 Visual Arts Medium
2. Three
Dimensional Arts
 Visual Arts Medium
2. Three
Dimensional Arts
 Visual Arts Medium

• Visual arts are those than can be perceived by the eyes.

• Painting Mosaic
• Stained Glass
• Tapestry
• Drawing – pencil, pen and ink, and charcoal, bistre,
crayons, silverpoint
• Printmaking
• Sculpture – stone, jade, ivory, metals, plaster, clay, glass,
wood
 painting
Examples:
the art of creating • Watercolor
meaningful effects on a • Fresco
flat surface by the use of • Tempera
pigment. These • Pastel
mediums are applied to • Encaustic
wet plaster, canvas, • Oil
wood, or paper. • Acrylic
 Watercolor

• Difficult to handle as
it produces warm and
rich tones.
• Watercolor pigments Best Friends
invite brilliance and a Watercolor Painting by Maria Reichert

variety of hues.
 Fresco

• Painting done in a moist

plaster surface with colors
ground in water or a
limewater mixture.
• It must be done quickly
because it is exacting The Harmony between Religion and Science
medium. Ceiling Fresco by Paul Troger

• The image becomes

permanently fixed and almost
impossible to remove.
 Tempera
• Mineral pigments mixed
with egg yolk or egg
white and ore. This binds
the pigments to the
surface.
• It dries quickly so,
Two Christians before the Judges
corrections are difficult to Tempera on Wood by Niccolo Semiticolo
make thus, the artist must
be precise in his work.
• One of the advantage is
its luminous state – colors
being clear and beautiful.
 Pastel

• Stick of dried paste made

of pigment ground chalk
and compounded with
gum water.
• Less popular because it is “Portrait of a Child”
difficult to preserve the Pastel Painting by Artist Bhavna Misra
product in its original
state as the chalk rubs off
thus, the image loses
some of its brilliance.
 Encaustic

• One of the early mediums

used by the Egyptians for
painting portraits on
mummy cases.
• This is done by applying
wax colors fixed with heat. Spring Snow
Encaustic Painting by Lorraine Glessner
• Painting with wax produces
luster and radiance, making
subjects appear at their best
in portraits.
 Oil

• One of the most expensive art

activities today because of the
prohibitive cost of materials.
• The heaviest of painting
mediums.
• Pigments are mixed with Mountains in Canada
linseed oil and applied on Oil Painting by Nino Ponditerra
canvas.
• Dries slowly and the painting
can be changed and worked
over for a long period of time.
 Acrylic
• A medium used popularly
by contemporary painters
because of the
transparency and quick-
drying characteristics of
watercolor and the
flexibility of oil combined. Poppyscape Sunset
Acrylic Painting by Mona Edulesco
• They do not tend to break
easily, unlike oil paints
which turn yellowish or
darker over a period of
time.
 mosaic
Art of putting together
small pieces of colored
stones or glass called
“tesserae” to create an
image.

Tessarae is often cut

into squares and glued
on a surface with
plaster or cement.
Tulip Mosaic Art
by Mary Pille
 Stained Glass
An artwork common
in Gothic cathedrals
and churches.

It is made by
combining small
pieces of colored
glass, held together by
bands of lead.
The Crucifixion
by Master of the Holy Kindred
 Tapestry
A fabric produced by
hand-weaving colored
threads upon a warp.

The woven designs

often end up as
pictorials, wall
hangings, and
furniture covering.
 Drawing
Usually done on
paper using pencil,
pen and ink, or
charcoal.

The most
fundamental of all
skills necessary in art.

Shading can also be Morgan Freeman

used to make Drawing by Nestor Cenavarro
 Printmaking
Anything printed on a
surface that is a direct
result from the duplication
process.

The painting or graphic

image, usually done in
black in on white paper.

One of the advantages of

printmaking is the ease
with which one can make
multiple copies of the
original drawing.
 Sculpture
The most important thing Examples:
to consider in choosing a • Stone
subject is the material. • Jade
• Ivory
• Metals
• Plaster
• Clay
• Glass
• Wood
The Miraculous Journey
by Damien Hirst
 Stone

• The hard and brittle

substance formed from
mineral and earth
material.
• The finished product is
granular and dull in
appearance.
• It includes sandstone,
granite, basalt, marble,
and limestone.
 Jade
• A fine stone, usually
colored green, and used
widely in Ancient China.
• It is highly esteemed as
an ornamental stone for
carving and fashion
jewelry.
• It is believed to
symbolized virtues such
as faithfulness, wisdom,
and charity.
 Ivory

• Comes from the main

parts of tusks of
elephants, is the hard
white substance used to
make carving and
billiard balls.
 Metals
• Include any of a class of
elementary substances
such as gold, silver, or
copper, all of which are
crystalline when solid
and many of which are
characterized by
capacity, ductility,
conductivity, and
peculiar luster when
freshly fractured.
 Plaster
• Is composed of lime,
sand, and water.
• It is worked on an
armature of metal wires
and rods in addition to
various materials and
fibers.
• It is applied on walls
and ceilings and
allowed to harden and
dry.
 Clay

• Is a natural earthy
material that is plastic
when wet
• It consists essentially of
hydrated silicates of
aluminum and is used
for making bricks and
ceramics.
.
 Glass

• A medium that is hard,

brittle, non-crystalline,
more or less transparent
substances produced by
fusion, usually
consisting of mutually
dissolved silica and
silicates and contains
soda and lime.
.
 Wood
• It is easier to carve than
any other mediums
available because it cab
be subjected into a variety
of treatment.
• It is lighter and softer to
carve despite having
greater strength than
stone; hence, it can be
used in long pieces
without breaking.
.
 Auditory Arts Medium
Are those whose mediums
can be heard and which
are expressed in time.
Example: Music and
Literature
 Music
It deals with sounds. The
mediums of music are vocal
and instrumental music.
 Vocal Music
• Oldest and most natural form of
music.
• Voice is produced by the
vibrations of the vocal chords in
the voice box.
• Since the sound produced by
these vibrations is not loud
enough to be heard, resonators
(lungs, esophagus, head, and
mouth cavities) are need to
increase its volume.
• Hence, correct positioning of the
body, head, and mouth will
enable the air to vibrate freely.
 Classification of Vocal Music
2. SHORT VOCAL FORMS
1. LONG VOCAL
- Folk Songs - Art
FORMS
Songs
- Opera
- Kundiman -
- Cantata Balitaw
- Oratorio - Danza Habanera -
- Moro-Moro Anthem
- Zarzuela - Motet - Madrigal
- Ballad - Chorale
- Round/Canon - Area
 Voice Classification

1. Women’s Voices 2. Men’s Voices

• Soprano – tone is • Tenor – the highest type in
lighter in character, men’s voices
less somber, and
• Baritone – lies between
frequently more
tenor and bass
flexible.
• Bass – lowest and deepest
voice quality.
• Alto or contralto –
the tone is richer and
fuller
 Instrumental Music
1. Sonata – long composition for solo instrument
2. Suite – a series of musical pieces that tells a
story.
3. Symphony – a sonata for the orchestra
4. Concerto – a sonata for solo and orchestra
designed to show-off the virtuosity of the soloist,
5. Chamber Music – written for two solo
instruments (violin and flutes) and basso continuo
(low string and keyboard).
 Literature

The medium of
literature is
language. Each part
of the world has
literature written in
its own language.
 Combined Arts Medium
Are those mediums
that can be both seen
and heard and which
exist in both space and
time.
TECHNIQUE

It refers to the artist’s ability and knowledge

or technical know-how in manipulating the
medium. It is the manner by which the artist
controls the medium to achieve the desired
effect; thus, it is in the technique that artists
differ from one another.
 Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan
• One of the two major awards given to artists in
the Philippines. The other one is the Orden ng
Pambansang Alagad ng Sining (Order of
National Artists)

• The Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan

(GAMABA) or National Living Treasures
Award was created on 1992 under the
Republic Act no. 7335.
 Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan

• It conducted a search for the finest traditional

artists of the land, adopts a program that will
ensure the transfer of their skills to others and
undertakes measures to promote a genuine
appreciation of and instill pride among our
people about the genius of Manlilikha ng
Bayan.
 Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan
• It was first conferred to three outstanding
artists in music and poetry back in 1993.
• Ginaw Bilog – a master of the Ambahan
Poetry
• Masinao Intaray – a master of various
traditional musical instruments of the Palawan
People
• Samaon Sulaiman – a master of the kutyapi
and other instruments.
 Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan

Qualifications:
• A citizen engaged in any traditional art
uniquely Filipino whose distinctive skills have
reached such a high level of technical and
artistic excellence and have been passed on to
and widely practiced by the present generation
in his/her community with the same degree of
technical and artistic competence.
 Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan
Incentives:
• A specially designed gold medallion
• An initial grant of Php 100,000 and a Php 10,000
monthly stipend for life (later increased to Php
14,000)
• Benefits such as a maximum cumulative amount of
Php 750,000 medical and hospitalization benefits
• Funeral assistance or tribute fit for a National
Living Treasure
This ends
Lesson 5!