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CODE STROKE

Ns.Sulasmi,Skep
Stroke Unit, Dept. Neurology
Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital
PENDAHULUAN
• Kasus stroke semakin meningkat
- SKRT 1995 : 2 per mil
- Riskesdas 2013: 12,1%
- Riskesdas 2016 : 7 per mil
• Penyebab kematian dan kecacatan tertinggi di
Indonesia
Stroke is Emergency
Time is Brain Tissue

Ischaemic core
(brain tissue
destined to die)
Penumbra
(salvageable
brain area)

An untreated patient loses Revascularization


approximately 1.9 million (reperfusion) offers the
neurons every minute in potential to reduce the
the ischaemic area extent of ischaemic injury

Saver. Stroke 2006;37:263-266.


González. Am J Neuroradiol
2006;27:728-735.
Revascularization

• Intravenous thrombolysis
• Mechanical thrombectomy
• Intraarterial thrombolysis
TUJUAN
• Terimplementasinyasuatu sistem asesmen,
pemeriksaan dan tatalaksana stroke yang
bersifat time-critical
• Membuat dan menjalankan protokol yang
jelas untuk rapid assesment dan tatalaksana
pasien stroke dengan onset <4,5jam yang
menjadi kandidat tromboloisis
• “Door - to – neeedle time” <60 menit
“Code Stroke”
• Suatu sistem layanan stroke akut yang timnya
terdiri dari staf bidang stroke, dighubungkan
lewat SMS dan/atau telepon yang diaktivasi di
IGD via single call (ke operator) dan memiliki
target untuk memberikan terapi definitif
stroke di fase akut
Pasien Kandidat Code Stroke
• Datang ke IGD onset stroke <4.5 jam
• Pasien rawat inap RSCM yang mengalami
defisit neurologis mendadak dengan onset
<4.5 jam
Role of Nurse
Recommendation Regarding Thrombolytic
Treatment in Acute Ischemic Stroke
AHA/ASA Guideline Guidelines for the
Early Management of Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke
2013 & 2015
 Organized protocol for completing evaluation and to begin fibrinolytic
treatment within 60 min of patient’s arrival in ED (I/B)
 Intravenous rtPA (0.9 mg/kg, max dose 90 mg) is recommended for
selected patients who may be treated within 3 hours of onset of ischemic
stroke (IA).
 Intravenous rtPA (0.9 mg/kg, max dose 90 mg) is recommended for
administration to eligible patients who can be treated in the time period of
3 to 4.5 hours after stroke onset (I/B).
 In patients undergoing fibrinolytic therapy, physicians should be aware of
and prepared to emergently treat potential side effects, including
bleeding complications & angioedema that may cause partial airway
obstruction (I/B).
AHA/ASA Guideline Guidelines for the Early Management of Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke 2013 & 2015
Role of Nurse
• Participate in Code Stroke
• Before Thrombolysis :
– Confirm sign and symptom of stroke in 10 minutes
– Preparing thrombolysis by helping to rule out
inclusion and exclusion criterias
– Shorten door to needle time
• During thrombolysis
• After Thrombolysis
· IGD (Triage) Pasien dicurigai Gejala FAST : (Lihat Ceklis)
· Ruang Rawat Stroke
-Face (mulut mencong)
CODE STROKE RSCM/FKUI DOKTER EMERGENSI
-Arm (lemah separuh badan)
-Speech (pelo/afasia)
CURIGA STROKE AKUT < 4.5 jam) -Time last normal (< 4.5 jam)

Dalam 10 menit :
1. EKG
2. GDS (stick)
ACTIVATE CODE STROKE 3. Lab (bila perlu)
(Warfarin  INR ; NOAC  APTT)
4. Order Urgent CT/MRI Brain
5. Nilai NIHSS
Konsul / Refer cito ! 6. Pasang iv-line
Urgent Neurologi 7. Call Neurologist
CT/MRI Brain
DPJP NEUROLOGI
DPJP Neurologi
· Konfirmasi Stroke Iskemik
· Klarifikasi onset gejala
ELIGIBILITAS TROMBOLISIS · NIHSS
Lihat Ceklis · Order Obat Alteplase

·Alteplase 0.6-0.9 mg/kgBB


· Berikan bolus 10% dosis
START TROMBOLISIS · Sisanya di drip dalam 1 ja

TRANSFER KE RUANGAN
(STROKE UNIT/Bangsal
Neuro/HCU/ICU)
Protokol
Sebelum Trombolisis
Protokol
Selama & Setelah
Trombolisis
Prosedur Pemberian Trombolisis Intravena

• Infus alteplase 0,6-0,9 mg/kg (maksimum 90 mg) dalam 60 menit


dengan 10-15% dosis diberikan sebagai bolus dalam 1 menit
SNOBS
Standardised Nursing
Observations for Stroke
Standardised Nursing Observations for Stroke

• Merupakan alat asesmen dengan 5 butir penilaian,


bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi perubahan fungsi
neurologis awal (atau perburukan) pada stroke akut
• Skor harus mewakili apa yang terlihat saat itu, bukan
apa yang penilai pikir dapat mereka temukan
• Impresi pertama sebaiknya dicatat dengan
mencentang satu kotak pada tiap kategori
• Setiap penurunan skor di tiap kategori harus
dikonfirmasi dengan mengulangi observasi oleh
perawat lain
Birschel P, Ellul J, Barer D; on behalf of the European Progressing Stroke Study (EPSS)
Group Progressing Stroke: Towards an internationally agreed definition. Cerebrovas Dis 2004;17 (2–3):242–252.
Special thanks to…
I n t e r d i s c i p l i n a r y C a r o t i d & S t r o k e Te a m

THANK YOU

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