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Ns.Sulasmi,Skep
Stroke Unit, Dept. Neurology
Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital
PENDAHULUAN
• Kasus stroke semakin meningkat
- SKRT 1995 : 2 per mil
- Riskesdas 2013: 12,1%
- Riskesdas 2016 : 7 per mil
• Penyebab kematian dan kecacatan tertinggi di
Indonesia
Stroke is Emergency
Time is Brain Tissue
Ischaemic core
(brain tissue
destined to die)
Penumbra
(salvageable
brain area)
• Intravenous thrombolysis
• Mechanical thrombectomy
• Intraarterial thrombolysis
TUJUAN
• Terimplementasinyasuatu sistem asesmen,
pemeriksaan dan tatalaksana stroke yang
bersifat time-critical
• Membuat dan menjalankan protokol yang
jelas untuk rapid assesment dan tatalaksana
pasien stroke dengan onset <4,5jam yang
menjadi kandidat tromboloisis
• “Door - to – neeedle time” <60 menit
“Code Stroke”
• Suatu sistem layanan stroke akut yang timnya
terdiri dari staf bidang stroke, dighubungkan
lewat SMS dan/atau telepon yang diaktivasi di
IGD via single call (ke operator) dan memiliki
target untuk memberikan terapi definitif
stroke di fase akut
Pasien Kandidat Code Stroke
• Datang ke IGD onset stroke <4.5 jam
• Pasien rawat inap RSCM yang mengalami
defisit neurologis mendadak dengan onset
<4.5 jam
Role of Nurse
Recommendation Regarding Thrombolytic
Treatment in Acute Ischemic Stroke
AHA/ASA Guideline Guidelines for the
Early Management of Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke
2013 & 2015
Organized protocol for completing evaluation and to begin fibrinolytic
treatment within 60 min of patient’s arrival in ED (I/B)
Intravenous rtPA (0.9 mg/kg, max dose 90 mg) is recommended for
selected patients who may be treated within 3 hours of onset of ischemic
stroke (IA).
Intravenous rtPA (0.9 mg/kg, max dose 90 mg) is recommended for
administration to eligible patients who can be treated in the time period of
3 to 4.5 hours after stroke onset (I/B).
In patients undergoing fibrinolytic therapy, physicians should be aware of
and prepared to emergently treat potential side effects, including
bleeding complications & angioedema that may cause partial airway
obstruction (I/B).
AHA/ASA Guideline Guidelines for the Early Management of Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke 2013 & 2015
Role of Nurse
• Participate in Code Stroke
• Before Thrombolysis :
– Confirm sign and symptom of stroke in 10 minutes
– Preparing thrombolysis by helping to rule out
inclusion and exclusion criterias
– Shorten door to needle time
• During thrombolysis
• After Thrombolysis
· IGD (Triage) Pasien dicurigai Gejala FAST : (Lihat Ceklis)
· Ruang Rawat Stroke
-Face (mulut mencong)
CODE STROKE RSCM/FKUI DOKTER EMERGENSI
-Arm (lemah separuh badan)
-Speech (pelo/afasia)
CURIGA STROKE AKUT < 4.5 jam) -Time last normal (< 4.5 jam)
Dalam 10 menit :
1. EKG
2. GDS (stick)
ACTIVATE CODE STROKE 3. Lab (bila perlu)
(Warfarin INR ; NOAC APTT)
4. Order Urgent CT/MRI Brain
5. Nilai NIHSS
Konsul / Refer cito ! 6. Pasang iv-line
Urgent Neurologi 7. Call Neurologist
CT/MRI Brain
DPJP NEUROLOGI
DPJP Neurologi
· Konfirmasi Stroke Iskemik
· Klarifikasi onset gejala
ELIGIBILITAS TROMBOLISIS · NIHSS
Lihat Ceklis · Order Obat Alteplase
TRANSFER KE RUANGAN
(STROKE UNIT/Bangsal
Neuro/HCU/ICU)
Protokol
Sebelum Trombolisis
Protokol
Selama & Setelah
Trombolisis
Prosedur Pemberian Trombolisis Intravena
THANK YOU