Reading in the Philippine History

What Happened
to the
Cavite Mutiny
Group 5

Avila, Xyzel|Bognot, Harold| Kimayong, Kaye|Santos, Reinella

MUTINY
• A rebellion against authority.
• Comes from an old verb, “mutine”
which means “revolt”
1. CAVITE MUTINY
A MAJOR FACTOR IN THE
AWAKENING OF NATIONALISM
AMONG THE FILIPINO
 1872
A HISTORY YEAR OF
TWO EVENTS
Arsenal Cavite
• Production of amours
• Place of the workers and troops
CAVITE MUTINY
• Uprising of military personnel of Fort San
Felipe
• Around 200 soldiers and laborers rose up in
the belief that it would elevate to a national
uprising.
• Mutiny was unsuccessful
• Government soldier executed many of the
participants.
2. THE MARTYRDOM OF
THE THREE PRIESTS
Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos and Jacinto Zamora
GOMBURZA
• Collective name of the three
martyred priests
• Tagged as the masterminds
of the Cavite mutiny.
• They were prominent
Filipino priest charged with
treason and sedition.
FATHER MARIANO
GOMEZ
• An old man in his mid-’70,
Chinese-Filipino, born in Cavite.
• He held the most senior position
of the three as Archbishop’s
Vicar in Cavite.
• He was truly nationalistic and
accepted the death penalty
calmly as though it were his
penance for being pro-Filipinos.
FATHER JOSE BURGOS
• Spanish descent, born in the
Philippines. He was a parish
priest of the Manila Cathedral
and had been known to be
close to the liberal Governor
General de la Torre.
• He was years old at the time
and was active and outspoken
in advocating the Filipinization
of the clergy.
FATHER JACINTO
ZAMORA
• 37 years old, was also Spanish,
born in the Philippines.
• He was the parish priest of
Marikina and was known to be
unfriendly to and would not
countenance any arrogance or
authoritative behavior from
Spaniards coming from Spain.
SPANISH ACCOUNTS OF THE
CAVITE MUTINY
1. Montero’s account of the Cavite
mutiny
2. Official report of governor Izquierdo
on the Cavite mutiny of 1872
JOSE MONTERO Y VIDAL
• Spanish historian
• His account centered on how
the event was an attempt in
overthrowing the Spanish
• His account on mutiny was
criticized as a woefully
biased.
An excerpt from
MONTERO’S ACCOUNT OF
THE CAVITE MUTINY
“…the idea of attaining their
independence. It was towards
this goal that they started to
work, with the powerful
assistance of a certain section
of the native clergy…”
GOVERNOR RAFAEL IZQUIERDO
• Implicated the native clergy,
who were active in the
movement toward
secularization of parishes.
• In a biased report, he
highlighted the attempt to
overthrow the Spanish
government in the Philippines
to install a new “hari” in the
persons of Father Burgos and
Zamora.
ACCORDING TO IZQUIERDO
Native clergy attracted supporters by giving
them charismatic assurance that their fight
would not fail because they had God’s
support, aside from promises of lofty
rewards such as employment, wealth, and
ranks in the army.
An excerpt from “…It has not been clearly
THE OFFICIAL REPORT OF GOV. IZQUIERDO
determined if they planned
ON THE CAVITE MUTINY OF 1872 to establish a monarchy or a
republic, because the Indios
have no word in their
language to describe this
from of government…”

“… whose head in Filipino would be called hari;

but it turns out that they would place it turns out
that they would place at the head of the
government a priest… that the head selected
would be D. Jose Burgos, or D. Jacinto Zamora…”
 IN THE SPANIARD’S ACCOUNTS,

1872
WAS PREMEDITATED, A PART OF A BIG
CONSPIRACY AMONG EDUCATED LEADERS,
MESTIZOS, LAWYERS AND RESIDENTS OF
MANILA AND CAVITE.

THEY ALLEGEDLY PLAN TO LIQUIDATE

HIGH-RANKING SPANISH OFFICERS THEN
KILL FRIARS.
 IN ACCOUNTS DETAIL THAT ON,

JANUARY
20,1872
THE DISTRICT OF SAMPALOC CELEBRATED THE FEAST OF THE VIRGIN
LORETO, CAME WITH IT WERE SOME FIREWORKS DISPLAY.

THE CAVITE MISTOOK THIS AS THE SIGNAL TO COMMENCE WITH THE

ATTACK.
IN RESULT,
LEADERS OF THE
PLOT WERE KILLED
 FATHERS GOMEZ,
BURGOS &
ZAMORA

WERE TRIED BY
A COURT-MARTIAL
AND SENTENCED
TO BE EXECUTED.
 ON

FEBRUARY
17,1872
THE GOMBURZA WERE EXECUTED IN PUBLIC TO SERVE AS A
THREAT TO FILIPINOS NEVER ATTEMPT TO FIGHT THE SPANIARDS
AGAIN

THIS IS A SCENE PURPOTEDLY WITNESSED BY A YOUNG JOSE RIZAL

DIFFERING ACCOUNTS
OF THE EVENTS
OF 1872

1. Pardo De Tavera’s account of

the Cavite mutiny
2. Plauchut’s account of the
Cavite mutiny
DR. TRINIDAD HERMENEGILDO
PARDO DE TAVERA
• A Filipino scholar and researcher
• Wrote a Filipino version of bloody
incident in Cavite.
ACCORDING TO PARDO DE TAVERA,
The incident was merely amutiny by
Filipino soldiers and laborers of the Cavite
arsenal to the dissatisfaction arising from
the draconian policies of Izquierdo
(abolition of privileges and prohibition of
the founding of the school of arts and
trades)
THE CENTRAL SPANISH
GOVERNMENT
Was planning to deprive the friars of all
the powers of intervention in matters of
civil government and direction and
management of educational institutions.
An excerpt from
PARDO DE TAVERA’S
ACCOUNT OF THE
CAVITE MUTINY
“…Filipinos had great hopes of an
improvement in the affairs of
their country…”
“…the friars feared that their
power in the colony would soon
be complete a thing of the past.”
EDMOND PLAUCHUT
• A French writer
• Complemented Tavera’s account
and analyzed the motivation of the
1872 Cavite Mutiny.
An excerpt from
PLAUCHUT’S
ACCOUNT OF THE
CAVITE MUTINY
“…the arrival in manila of Gen.
Izquierdo put a sudden end to all
dreams of reforms
“…such a policy must really end in
a strong desire on the part of the
other to repress cruelly.”
 Importance
•It is important in a way that all Filipinos must know
the different sides of the study. The execution of
GomBurZa cause a major factor in the awakening of
nationalism among the Filipinos.
 Conclusion
The two events that happened in the year 1872
which is the Cavite mutiny and the martyrdom of
GomBurZa made a major role to claim our
independence today. The 12th of June of every year
since 1898 became a very important event for all
the Filipinos . In this particular day, the entire
Filipino nation as well as Filipino communities all
over the world gathers to celebrate the Philippines’
Independence day.
 Conclusion
Friars used Cavite Mutiny as a part of a large
conspiracy to cement their dominance.

They showcase the mutiny as part of a greater

conspiracy in the Philippines by Filipino to overthrow
the Spanish government.

Unintentionally, it resulted in the martyrdom of

Gomburza, and paved way to the revolution
culminating in 1898.
 RIZAL DEDICATED HIS SECOND
NOVEL, EL FILIBUSTERISMO, TO
THEIR MEMORY:

“I DEDICATE MY WORK TO YOU

AS VICTIMS OF THE EVIL WHICH I
UNDERTAKE TO COMBAT…”
GROUP 5

• Avila, Xyzel
• Bognot, Harold Klemp
• Kimayong, Kaye D.
• Santos Reinella