BRIEF HISTORY OF WESTERN ARCHITECTURE

CONTENTS
I. PRE INDUSTRIALISATION III. ARCHITECTURE OF THE 20TH
•RENAISSANCE (1200-1600) CENTURY
• BAROQUE (1600– 1800) • STYLISTIC EXPLORATIONS
• •ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE
CLASSICISM (1600-1800)
•EXPRESSIONISM
•CONSTRUCTIVISM
II. ARCHITECTURE OF THE INDUSTRIAL • INFLUENCES
PERIOD •WRITINGS

• •CONGRESSES
NEO CLASSICISM (1750-1850)
•EXHIBITIONS
• FRENCH NEOCLASSICISM
•BAUHAUS
• NEO CLASSICISM IN THE US

• NEW MATERIALS AND URBAN • INTERNATIONAL

TYPOLOGIES • EXPERIMENTS AND EXPLORATIONS

• STEEL, CONCRETE, GLASS AROUND THE WORLD
• BRIDGES, RAILWAY STATIONS
• DEVELOPMENT OF THE HIGH RISE
• REACTIONS TO INDUSTRIALIZATION • INFLUENTIAL ARCHITECTS
• CHICAGO SCHOOL
•
• POSTMODERNISM
ARTS AND CRAFTS MOVEMENT (1834-1896)
• ART NOUVEAU (1890-1914)
 TIME LINE: High Periods of Styles

DECONSTRUCTIVIS
M

POSTMODERNISM

INTERN
ATIONA
L
EXPR
ESSI
ONIS
M
ART
NOU
VEA
U
ARTS
CRAFTS

NEOCLASSICISM

RENAISSANCE BAROQUE
 EARLY REANAISSANCE
FILIPPO BRUNELLESCHI MICHELOZZO

DOME OF FLORENCE CATHEDRAL MEDICI RICARDI PALACE

LEON BATTISTA ALBERTI (1404- 1472)

RUCELLAI PALACE SANTA MARIA NOVELLA
 HIGH REANAISSANCE
DONATO BRAMANTE (1449-1514) MICHEL ANGELO
TEMPIETTO DI SAN PIETRO (1502) PIAZZA DEL CAMPIDOGLIO, ROME

ANDREA PALLADIO (1508-1580)

VILLA CAPRA/ VILLA ROTUNDA
BAROQUE
BAROQUE AND ROCOCCO
 NEO-CLASSICISM

Thomas Jefferson: Monticello Estate Ledoux: Director’s House at Saltworks at

Arc-et-senans

MOVEMENT FIELD OF IMPACT PERIOD ORIGIN/ MAIN CONCEPT PIONEERS/ EXAMPLES

AND EMPHASIS CENTRES MASTERS
NEOCLASSICI ARCHITECTURE, ART 1750- EUROPE, CLAUDE WHITE HOUSE
SM 1850 AMERICA NICHOLAS
LEDOUX

NEOCLASSICISM

1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000

Boulle: Design for a Monument for Newton (1784) Étienne-Louis Boullée’:Project for a metropolitan cathedral (1780)
 NEW MATERIALS

1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000

 CHICAGO SCHOOL

Wainwright building St. Louis, USA The Home Insurance Building in Chicago built in 1885

MOVEMENT FIELD OF IMPACT PERIOD ORIGIN/ MAIN CONCEPT PIONEERS/ EXAMPLES

AND EMPHASIS CENTRES MASTERS
CHICAGO ARCHITECTURE- 1870- AMERICA PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS, LOUIS SULLIVAN WAINWRIGHT
SCHOOL SKYSCRAPERS 1910 ENGINEERED STRUCTURES, BUILDING
SKYSCRAPERS, ORNAMENTATION

CHICAG
O
SCHOOL
1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000
 ARTS AND CRAFTS MOVEMENT

William Morris, Philip Webb: Red House, London

MOVEMENT FIELD OF IMPACT PERIOD ORIGIN/ MAIN CONCEPT PIONEERS/ EXAMPLES

AND EMPHASIS CENTRES MASTERS
ARTS AND INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS, 1834- ENGLAND, VERNACULAR, TRADITIONAL JOHN RUSKIN RED HOUSE
CRAFTS FURNITURE, WALL 1896 AMERICA CRAFTMANSHIP REVIIVED, WILLIAM MORRIS LONDON
PAPERS, AN D LIFESTYLE AGAINST INDUSTRIAL BRUTAL
ACCESORIES LIKE EXPRESSION ,/ HONESTY, AGAINAST
CARPETS/ APHOLSTRY MACHINE PRODUCTS, NON - URBAN

ARTS
CRAFTS
1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000
 ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE

FLW: Robie House FLW: Taliesin East

MOVEMENT FIELD OF IMPACT PERIOD ORIGIN/ MAIN CONCEPT PIONEERS/ EXAMPLES

AND EMPHASIS CENTRES MASTERS
ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE LATE 20TH- USA INSPIRED FROM ARTS AND CRAFTS, F L WRIGHT ROBIE HOUSE
ARCHITECTURE EARLY 21ST SEARCH FOR THE NATURAL STYLE,
CENT ‘VERNACULAR, HONEST, SITE
RESPONSIVE, SENSITIVE.

ORG
ANIC

1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000

 ART NOUVEAU

Victor Horta : Tassel house Antonio gaudi : Casa balto and la Sagrada familia
church.

MOVEMENT FIELD OF IMPACT PERIOD ORIGIN/ MAIN CONCEPT PIONEERS/ EXAMPLES

AND EMPHASIS CENTRES MASTERS
ART FURNITURE, STAIRCASE, 1893- PARIS AESTHETICAL, STYLISTIC, VICTOR HORTA, HOTEL TASSEL,
NOUVEAU RAILING. 1910 BELGIAN INDIVIDUALISTIC EXPRESSION, ANTONIO GAUDI, CASA MILA,
ENGLAND NATURALISM, USE OF MACHINE MAKINTOSH SAGRADA
‘USA PRODUCTS AND NEW MATERIALS IN FAMILIA
SPAIN INNOVATIVE WAY CHURCH

ART
NOU
VEA
U
1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000
 EXPRESSIONISM

AEG Factory, Peter Behrens Einstein Tower, Eric Mendehlson

MOVEMENT FIELD OF IMPACT PERIOD ORIGIN/ MAIN CONCEPT PIONEERS/ EXAMPLES

AND EMPHASIS CENTRES MASTERS
EXPRESSIONISM PAINTING, 1905- FRANCE NON-RATIONAL FORM, RESPONSIVE ERIC EINSTEIN
LITERATURE, 1924 GERMANY TO MATERIAL - STRUCTURAL MENDELSON, TOWER,
EXPRESSION, PETER BEHRENS AEG FACTORY

EXPR
ESSI
ONIS
M
1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000
 CONSTRUCTIVISM

MOVEMENT FIELD OF IMPACT PERIOD ORIGIN/ MAIN CONCEPT PIONEERS/ EXAMPLES

AND EMPHASIS CENTRES MASTERS
CONSTRUCTIVISM SCULPTURE 1913- RUSSIA ABSTRACT ASSEMBLEGE OF TATLIN TATLIN’S
1920 ELEMENTS TOWER

CON
STRU
CTIV
ISM
1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000
 BAUHAUS

MOVEMENT FIELD OF IMPACT PERIOD ORIGIN/ MAIN CONCEPT PIONEERS/ EXAMPLES

AND EMPHASIS CENTRES MASTERS
BAUHAUS ARTS, CRAFTS, 1919- GERMANY SCHOOL OF THOUGHT COMBINING WALTER BAUHAUS
MACHINE PRODUCTS, 1933 ART, CRAFT, INDUSTRY THEORY AND GROPIUS, SCHOOL
ARCHITECTURE PRACTICE. MIES VAN DER
FUNCTIONALISM ROHE
FORM FOLLOWS FUNCTION

BAU
HAU
S

1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000

 INTERNATIONAL STYLE

Mies Van Der Rohe: The Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial
Skidmore, Owings & Merrill: Sears
Library. c.1972
Tower

MOVEMENT FIELD OF IMPACT PERIOD ORIGIN/ MAIN CONCEPT PIONEERS/ EXAMPLES

AND EMPHASIS CENTRES MASTERS
INTERNATIONAL ARCHITECTURE 1940s- USA, EUROPE SIMPLE GEOMETRIC STYLE, CORBUSIER, SEARS TOWER
STYLE 1970s RCC GLASS STEEL GROPIUS,
NON CONTEXTUAL/UNIVERSAL MIES VAN DER
ROHE

INTERN
ATIONA
L
1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000
 POSTMODERNISM

Robert Venturi: Venturi House Philip Johnson, Sony Building

MOVEMENT FIELD OF IMPACT PERIOD ORIGIN/ MAIN CONCEPT PIONEERS/ EXAMPLES

AND EMPHASIS CENTRES MASTERS
POST DECORATIVE ART 1970s USA, EUROPE COUNTER MOVEMENT TO MICHEAL GRAVES VENTURI HOUSE
MODERN onwards INTERNATIONAL STYLE MARIO BOTTA PORTLAND
CONTEXTUAL CEASER PELLI BUILDING
PLAYFUL SONY BUILDING
DECORATIVE

POSTMODERNISM

1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000

 DECONSTRUCTIVISM

Zaha Hadid: Vitra Fire Station Rem Koolhas: New Seattle Public Library

MOVEMENT FIELD OF IMPACT PERIOD ORIGIN/ MAIN CONCEPT PIONEERS/ EXAMPLES

AND EMPHASIS CENTRES MASTERS
DECONSTRUCTIVISM ARCHITECTURE 1980s USA, EUROPE NEW FORMS, NEW DEFINITIONS, PETER EINSMANN NEW
ONWARDS BREAKING THE CONVENTIONAL ZAHA HADID. SEATTLE
REM KOOLHAS PUBLIC
LIBRARY

DECONSTRU
CTIVISM

1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000

 TIME LINE: High Periods of Styles

DECONSTRUCTIVIS
M

POSTMODERNISM

INTERN
ATIONA
L
EXPR
ESSI
ONIS
M
ART
NOU
VEA
U
ARTS
CRAFTS

NEOCLASSICISM

RENAISSANCE BAROQUE
 CONTENTS
I. PRE INDUSTRIALISATION III. ARCHITECTURE OF THE 20TH
•RENAISSANCE (1200-1600) CENTURY
• BAROQUE (1600– 1800) • STYLISTIC EXPLORATIONS
• •ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE
CLASSICISM (1600-1800)
•EXPRESSIONISM
•CONSTRUCTIVISM
II. ARCHITECTURE OF THE INDUSTRIAL • INFLUENCES
PERIOD •WRITINGS

• •CONGRESSES
NEO CLASSICISM (1750-1850)
•EXHIBITIONS
• FRENCH NEOCLASSICISM
•BAUHAUS
• NEO CLASSICISM IN THE US

• NEW MATERIALS AND URBAN • INTERNATIONAL

TYPOLOGIES • EXPERIMENTS AND EXPLORATIONS

• STEEL, CONCRETE, GLASS AROUND THE WORLD
• BRIDGES, RAILWAY STATIONS
• DEVELOPMENT OF THE HIGH RISE
• REACTIONS TO INDUSTRIALIZATION • INFLUENTIAL ARCHITECTS
• CHICAGO SCHOOL
•
• POSTMODERNISM
ARTS AND CRAFTS MOVEMENT (1834-1896)
• ART NOUVEAU (1890-1914)