TENSES WITH THE

PERFECT ASPECTS
Irfan Rahmat Ramadhan (1811522002)
Naufal Fadilan (1811522021)
Sabrina Pratama Putri (1811522013)
Rivaldo Agusti (1811521008)
 Present Perfect

Present Perfect
Continous

Tenses with the

Past Perfect
Perfect Aspects

Past Perfect
Continous
 Present Perfect
(+) S + has / have + Past Participle (Verb 3)

(-) S + hasn’t / haven’t + Past Participle (Verb 3)

(?) Has / Have + S + Past Participle (Verb 3)

• An action or situation that started in the past and continues in the present.
(I have lived in Bristol since 1984)

• An action performed during a period that has not yet finished.

(She has been to the cinema twice this week)

• A repeated action in an unspecified period between the past and now. Function
(We have visited Portugal several times)

• An action that was completed in the very recent past, expressed by 'just'.
(I have just finished my work)

• An action when the time is not important.

(He has read 'War and Peace‘)
Present Perfect VS Past Simple

Present Perfect Past Simple

• Use it when the action • Use it when the action

started in the past and its started in the past, finished
continuing now in the past, and is not
continuing now

Example : Example :

The sun has risen The sun rose at 6.00 a.m.

Present Perfect Continous
(+) S + has / have + been + Verb-ing

(-) S + hasn’t / haven’t + been + Verb-ing

(?) Has / Have + S + been + Verb-ing

• To talk about an action / event that started in the past

and is still happening now.
(I have been waiting you for two hours)

• To talk about an activity / event that has recently finished and

has a result or consequence now. Function
(She is tired because she has been working hard)

• Focus on the action and not on the completion of the action.

(She has been writing a book)
 Present Perfect Continous VS Present Perfect

Present Perfect Continous Present Perfect

• More focus on the Action than • More focus on the Result than
the result the action

Example : Example :

They have been negotiating the They have negotiated the contract
contract

• The action is more Temporary • The action is more Permanent

Example : Example :

They have been living here for a They have lived in Moscow for 2
month. years.
Past Perfect
(+) S + had + Past Participle (Verb 3)

(-) S + hadn’t + Past Participle (Verb 3)

(?) Had + S + Past Participle (Verb 3)

• Used to refer to actions that took place and were completed in the past,
and to emphasize that one action, event, or condition ended
before another past action, event, or condition began.
Function
 Jacky arrived at 5.00 p.m. but Mr. Rudy had closed the store.
 You had studied English before you moved to New York.
 After she had learned to drive, she felt more independent.
Past Perfect Continous
(+) S + had + been + Verb-ing

(-) S + hadn’t + been + Verb-ing

(?) Had + S + been + Verb-ing

• To look back at a situation in progress

(Before I changed jobs, I had been working on a plan
to reduce production costs)

• To say what had been happening before something else

Function
happened
(It had been snowing for a while before we left)

• To report things said in the past

(They said they had been shopping)
Past Perfect Continous VS Past Perfect

Past Perfect Continous Past Perfect

• More focus on the Activity • More focus on the

and duration of the activity Completion of an activity

Example : Example :

The builders had been putting The builders had put up the
up the scaffolding when the scaffolding around the house
roof fell in
BIOGRAPHY OF
BILL GATES
Early Life of Bill Gates

William Henry Gates was born on 28 October 1955, in Seattle,

Washington. His father William Gates Sr was a senior lawyer, and his
mother, Mary, served as an executive for a major bank. The family were
wealthy but, remembering the challenges of the Great Depression, they
encouraged their children to work hard and take nothing for granted
Educational Background
• Bill Gates had introduced to computers since aged 13, Gates attended the
private Lakeside school. He taught himself to programme in Basic, making a
simple ‘Tic-Tac-Toe’ game.
• In 1973 Gates graduated from Lakeside . He scored 1590 out of 1600 on the
college SAT test. Gates enrolled at Harvard, where he studied mathematics
and computer science. However, Gates was more interested in pursuing his
own coding, so he dropped out of Harvard without finishing his course.
Married Life
• In 1992, Bill Gates is married to Melinda French. They have three children
Jennifer, Rory (1999) and Phoebe (2002). With his wife, Bill Gates formed
the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. From 2008 Gates has worked full
time on his philanthropic interests. Gates has said that he has no use for
money, and will only leave a small percentage of his wealth to his children.
Bill Gates Foundation of Microsoft
• In 1976 Bill Gates founded Microsoft when he formed a contract with
MITS. In the early days, Bill Gates would review every line of code. He was
also involved in several aspects of Microsoft’s business such as packing and
sending off orders.
• In 1980, The big break for Microsoft came when IBM approached them for
a new BASIC operating system for its new computers. Thus Microsoft was
able to gain the dominant position of software manufacture just as the
personal computer market started to boom. Since its early dominance, other
companies have struggled to displace Microsoft. Programs like Microsoft
Word and Excel have become the industry standard.
Bill Gates Foundation of Microsoft
• In 1990 Microsoft released its first version of Windows.
• In 1995 Windows 95 was released, setting new standards and features for
operating systems. This version of Windows has been becoming the
backbone of all future releases from Windows 2000 to the latest XP and
Vista.
• In 2000, Bill Gates stepped down from the day-to-day operations of
Microsoft, turning over the job of CEO to college friend Steve Ballmer, he
had been joining with Microsoft since 1980
Awards
• Bill Gates has received numerous awards for
philanthropic work. Time magazine named Gates one
of the most influential people of the 20th century.
• In 2016, Gates and his wife Melinda were recognized
for their philanthropic work when they were named
recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom by
President Barack Obama.
• In early 2018, Gates achieved another distinction with
the announcement he would guest star on an episode
of The Big Bang Theory.
WASSALAMU’ALAIKUM WR. WB.