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3: Enumerate the 10
complications / sites of extra
pulmonary involvement of
this infectious condition.
(2.5)
Key
1- Primary complex comprised by lymph nodes,
lymphatics & ghon focus (1.5), 0.5 each.
2- Pulmonary Tuberculosis (1)
3- (0.25 each)
i. Miliary tuberculosis
ii. TBM
iii. Pneumonia
iv. Pleural effusion
v. Atelectasis
vi. Pneumothorax
vii. Abdominal tuberculosis
viii. Carries spine
ix. Bronchiectasis
x. Pericarditis
Question No. 6
1: What is the radiological diagnosis?
(1)
(2)
2- Enumerate benefits of
breast feeding? (2.5)
3 – Write 2 absolute
contraindications of breast
feeding.(0.5)
Key:
1-
i. Repeated GIT infections (0.5)
ii. Repeated respiratory infections (0.5)
iii. Expensive (0.5)
iv. Difficult to maintain good Hygiene (0.5)
2- (0.25 each for any 10 out of 11)
(i) Inexpensive
(ii) Available all the time
(iii) Composition is ideal for infant growth
(iv) Emotionally satisfactory
(v) Bifidus factor which promote the growth of lactobacillus
(vi) Promotes involution of the uterus
(vii) Natural contraception
(viii) Decreased incidence of breast cancer
(ix) Lactoferin
(x) Species specific, no allergy
(xi) Decreased incidence of infections
3- (0.25 each)
i. Galactosemia
ii. Phenylketonuria
Question No. 24
1- What is the sign shown in the figure? (1)
Vitamin-A: 200,000 IU (100,000 IU in <1 year of age) on day-1,3 & 14. (1)
Question No. 26
3- Write 8 complications of
this disease. (2)
Key:
1- Mumps (1)
2- By MMR vaccine at 15 months and before school entry
(1 each)
3- (0.5 for any 8)
i. Meningoencephalomyelitis
ii. Epididymo-orchitis
iii. Pancreatitis
iv. Deafness
v. Oophoritis
vi. Thyroiditis
vii. Myocarditis
viii. Arthritis
ix. Thrombocytopenia
Question No. 34
3- What is the
management steps of
cerebral palsy?(3.5)
Key:
1-
i. Right lower limb shows flexion deformity (0.25)
ii. Toe walking (0.25)
These conditions are present in upper motor neuron type of hemiplegia.
2- It is a static encephalopathy in which there is non-progressive, permanent
disorder of posture & movement due to insult of the immature brain. (1)
3-
a. Multidisplinary approach (1.5 )
• Pediatricition (Major role)
• Physiotherapist
• Occupational therapist
• Psychiatrist
• Orthopedic surgeon
• Nutritionists
b. To reduce spasticity (1)
• Diazepam, Baclofen, Dantrolene (0.5)
• Hearing, vision, learning and mental disorders are managed
accordingly. (0.5)
c- Counseling (0.5)
d- Follow up (0.5)
Question No. 40
Q3: Enumerate 4
investigations with their
yield. (2)
Key:
1-Gower’s sign (1)
2- (1 each)
Duchene's Muscular dystrophy & it is x-linked
recessive disorder
3- (0.5 each)
i. CPK (very high)
ii. EMG +ve (suggestive)
iii. Muscle biopsy (Diagnostic)
iv. Gene analysis (DNA) from peripheral blood
(Diagnostic)
Question No. 45
3- What are
contraindications of this
procedure? (2)
Key:
1- Thoracentesis (Pleural tap) (1)
2- ( 1 each)
(i) Diagnostic evaluation of pleural effusion.
(ii) Therapeutic drainage of pleural effusion in
patients with respiratory compromise.
3- ( 1 each for any 2)
(i) Local skin infection (e.g. Herpes zoster)
(ii) Bleeding diathesis, anticoagulant therapy
(iii) Mechanical ventilation
Question No. 46
1- Write 3 indications & 3
contraindications of this specimen.
(3)
2- Enumerate 3 basic
parameters in
evaluation during
neonatal resuscitation.
(1.5)
0 1 2
2- Enumerate 6 common
causes of hypertension in
children. (3)
3- Enumerate 4 complications of
hypertension in children. (1)
Key
1- Blood pressure measurement (1)
2- (0.5 each for any 6 out of 7)
i. Acute glumerolonephritis
ii. Chronic glumerolonephritis
iii. Vesicourteral reflux nephropathy
iv. Renal artery stenosis
v. Coarctation of aorta
vi. Cushing’s syndrome
vii. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
3- (0.25 each )
i. Hypertensive encephalopathy
ii. Hypertensive cardiac failure
iii. Cerebro vascular accident
iv. Hypertensive retinopathy
Question No. 57
3. Enumerate 6 other
examples of birth trauma.
(3)
Key
1- Left Erb’s Palsy (1)
2- (i) Upper cord of brachial plexus (0.5)
(ii) Roots involved are C5 & C6. (0.5)
3- (0.5 each for any 6)
i. Cephalhematoma
ii. Subaponeurotic bleed
iii. Klumpkhe’s paralysis
iv. Facial nerve palsy
v. Fracture of the skull
vi. Subconjunctival & retinal hemorrhage
vii.Intracranial / intraventricular hemorrhage
Question No. 62
2. Enumerate 8
complications of this
condition. (2)
3. Give steps of
management of this
case. (2)
Key:
1-
i. Large for gestational age (0.5 each)
ii. Plump plethoric faces
2- (0.25 each for any 8)
i. LGA / SGA
ii. Birth asphyxia
iii. Birth trauma
iv. Hypoglycemia
v. Hypocalcaemia / hypomagnesaemia
vi. Respiratory distress syndrome
vii. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
viii. Hyperbilirubinemia
ix. Polycythemia
x. Congenital malformations
3- (0.5 each)
i. Careful screening for any evidence of birth asphyxia and birth trauma
ii. Careful screening for any congenital malformation
iii. Prevention and treatment of hypoglycemia and hypocalcaemia
iv. Prevention and treatment of any other complication
Question No. 64