Introduction to Power

Stations
Srikanth Allamsetty
 Contents
• Introduction to Power Plants
• Introduction to
– Hydro power plants
– Thermal power plants
– Nuclear power plants
– Solar power stations
– Wind power stations
– Diesel power plants
 Introduction to Power Plants
• Power ratings for appliances:
Appliance power rating (W)
AC 3517 /ton
Ceiling fan 10-50
Laptop 20-75
Printer 100
Iron box 1000
Incandescent as per rating
bulbs
Microwave 600-1500
LED/LCD TV 91.5
 Introduction to Power Plants
• Total installed capacity: 356.8 GW May 31st, 2019
• Gross electricity generated: 1486.5 Twh (2017-18)
Type of Power % of installed % of power
station capacity generation
Coal 56.2% 75.9%
Large hydro 12.7% 9.7%
Small hydro 1.3% 0.4%
Wind 10% 4%
Solar 8% 2%
Nuclear 1.9% 2.9%
Gas 7% 3.9%
Bio mass 2.6% 1.2%
 Introduction to Power Plants

Mechanical
Electrical Energy
Energy

• The necessary things:

– A rotating machine
– Fuel
Hydro power plants

Drawn by
Srikanth Allamsetty
 Hydro power plants
 Different types:
– based on intake Impoundment

LargeDiversion

– based on capacity (>30 MW)
Pumped storage
Medium
– based on turbine Impulse(<30 MW, >10 MW)
Small (<10 MW)
– based on head Pelton
High(>300m)
Mini (<1 MW)
– based on load  Reaction
Medium (30m to 300m)
Base load
Micro (<100 KW)

Peak Fransis
Low (<30m)
load
Keplon

Propeller
Thermal power plants
 Thermal power plants
• Main parts:
– Coal handling plant
– Boiler
– Economizer, Air preheater
– Steam turbine and Condenser
– Cooling tower and ponds, Feed water heater,
– Ash handling plant, E.S.P,
– Power supply to auxiliaries
Nuclear power plants
 Nuclear power plants
• Nuclear reactor and heat exhanger
replace boiler of thermal power plant
• Qualified professional personnel needed
to work with the fuel.
• Very less amount of fuel can generate
more amount of power.
• Capital cost is so high.
 Solar power plants
• Solar power plants use one of two
technologies:
– Photovoltaic (PV) systems use solar panels,
either on rooftops or in ground-mounted solar
farms, converting sunlight directly into electric
power.
– Concentrated solar power (CSP, also known
as "concentrated solar thermal") plants use
solar thermal energy to make steam, that is
thereafter converted into electricity by a
turbine.
Solar PV Stations
Wind power stations
Wind power stations
 Wind power stations
• A weathervane and a robot orient the
nacelle so that the blades are positioned
optimally with regard to the wind.
• nacelle houses the generator and the
electrical and mechanical gear.
• When the wind speed is faster, a braking
mechanism automatically stops the wind
turbine, ensuring the safety of the
installation and minimizing wear.
Diesel Power Plant
 Diesel Power Plant
• A diesel power plant is a standby power
station.
• It’s generally a compact station so it can
be located when we actually require it.
• Emergency supply station.
COMPARISON BETWEEN DIFFERENT GENERATING STATIONS
COMPARISON BETWEEN DIFFERENT GENERATING STATIONS

Sl. No Parameter Thermal Hydro Nuclear

Availability of coal, water Possibility of Large Away from population

1 Site
and transport facilities. reservoir / Dam centres

2 Initial cost Lower High Highest

3 Running cost Higher than Hydro-electric Practically nil Minimum running cost

Limit on
Water in reservoir is not Adequate amount
4 source of Limited reserve of coal
dependable available
power
Fuel
5 transport Maximum Practically nil Minimum
cost
Less Cleaner than
Cleanliness
6 Not very clean Simplest and Clean Hydro-electric Power
& Simplicity
Plants

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