DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES

Developmental
Milestones
--------------
Gross Motor & Fine Motor Skills
Newborn To 1 Month
 Developmental Milestones
Gross Motor Skills
• Prone
– Physiological flexion
– Lifts head briefly
– Head to side

• Supine
– Physiological roll partly to side

• Sitting
– Head lag in pull to sit

• Standing
– Reflex standing and walking
 Developmental Milestones
Fine Motor Skills…
Newborn to 1 Month

Regards object in line of gravity.

Follow A object to midline.
Hands fisted.
Arm movement Jerky.
Movement may be purposeful or random.
 Developmental Milestones
Sensory
Smiles or moves when primary senses are activated
(hearing, smell, taste, touch, vision)
Prefers objects with contrasting colors
Briefly looks at people and objects within 12 inches
Interacts and explores the environment by using their senses
and movement
Explores the environment freely by looking, tasting,
smelling, feeling and hearing
 Developmental Milestones
Social/Emotional
Parent-Infant bonding, learning to read each
other’s cues
Regulation of sleep-wake cycle; regulation of
feeding and elimination
Begins to recognize primary caregiver
Relies heavily on attachment figures/primary
caregivers for emotional and soothing support
 Developmental Milestones
Speech, Language and Hearing

Makes variety of gurgling sounds and cooing when

content
Babbles or coos when someone talks to them
Cry is monotonous, one breath long
Listens to a caretaker’s voice for 30 seconds
Responds to sounds and voices
Cries when hungry or uncomfortable
 Developmental Milestones
Oral Motor and Feeding

Opens and closes mouth to food source

Primary nutrition through breast or bottle
feeding
Rooting response (turns mouth towards
touch on face)
Sucks on objects that are near the mouth
Strong gag reflex evident
Developmental
Milestones
--------------
Gross Motor & Fine Motor Skills

2 To 3 Months…...
 Developmental Milestones
Gross Motor Skills
2-3 Months…
Prone
Lifts head 900
Chest up in prone position with some weight
through forearm

Roll prone to supine

Supine
Influence strong
Legs kicks reciprocally
Prefer head to side
 Developmental Milestones
Gross Motor Skills
2-3 Months…

Sitting
Variable head lag in pull to sitting position
Needs full support to sit
Head upright but bobbing

Standing
Poor weight bearing
Hip in flexion, behind shoulders
 Developmental Milestones
Fine Motor Skills
2-3 Months…

Can see further distance

Hands open movement
Visually follow through 1800
Grasp is reflexive
Use palmar grasp
 Developmental Milestones
Sensory
2-3 Months…

Enjoys physical contact

Calms with rhythmical movements (e.g.
swinging)
Able to self-regulate (e.g. falls asleep in
over-stimulating environments)
 Developmental Milestones
Speech, Language and Hearing
2-3 Months…

Cries more rhythmically with opening and closing mouth

Uses different cries for different needs (hunger, fatigue,
discomfort)
May smile at familiar faces and voices, especially mom
Begins to learn that making sounds gets a response
Turns head to a voice
Attends to a speaker’s mouth
Quiets to a familiar voice
Searches with eyes for a sound
Watches a speaker’s eyes and mouth
 Developmental Milestones
Oral Motor and Feeding
2-3 Months…

Uses lips and tongue to suckle when feeding

Opens mouth when food source is near
Developmental
Milestones
--------------
Gross Motor & Fine Motor Skills

4 To 5 Months…...
Developmental Milestones
Gross Motor Skills
4-5 Months…
Prone
Bears weight on extended arms
Pivot in prone to reach the toys
Supine
Roll from supine to side lying position
Play with feet to mouth
Developmental Milestones
Gross Motor Skills
4-5 Months…
Sitting
Head steady in supporting sitting position
Turn head in sitting position
Sits alone for brief period

Standing
Bears all weight through legs in supported
standing
Developmental Milestones
Fine Motor Skills
4-5 Months…

Grasp & release toys

Uses ulnar palmar grasp
 Developmental Milestones
Sensory 4-5 Month
Uses his/her hands and mouth for sensory
exploration of objects
Searches with his/her eyes for sound and
scans objects briefly
Enjoys movements and touch
Able to self regulate by looking away from
or falling asleep in over-stimulating
environment
 Developmental Milestones
Speech, Language and Hearing
4-5 Month
Vocalizes to express displeasure
Finds sound with eyes
Babble increases
Babble in chains (ex: babababa)
Laughs
Initiates “talking” by babbling to another person
Turns head to find a hidden voice
Responds to sound by vocalizing
Vocalizes when playing alone or with caregiver
Recognizes friendly or angry tone of voice
Recognizes own name
 Developmental Milestones
Oral Motor and Feeding
4-5 Month

Mouths toys
Strong gag
Begin to introduce solid foods around 5
months of age
 Developmental Milestones
Social Emotional Development
4-5 Month
Expresses unhappiness when an object or
toy is taken away
Expresses self using verbal/non-verbal cues
(cries, laughs, reaches for a familiar adult)
Begins to initiate ways to calm self
Developmental
Milestones
--------------
Gross Motor & Fine Motor Skills

6 To 7 Months…...
 Developmental Milestones
Gross Motor Skills
6-7 Months…
Prone
Roll from supine to prone
Holds weight on one hand to reach the toys

Supine
Lifts head and helps when pulled to sitting position
Gets to sitting position without assistance
Sits independently

Mobility
May crawl backward
 Developmental Milestones
Fine Motor Skills
6-7 Months…
Approaches objects with one hand
Arm in neutral when approaching the toy
Radial palmar grasp
pick up small objects with fingers
Voluntary release to transfer objects
between hands
 Developmental Milestones
Sensory
6-7 Months…
Investigates objects with vision, touch, and
taste
Shows increased tolerance of various social
and environmental situations
May enjoy playing with food
 Developmental Milestones
Speech, Language and Hearing
Responds to sounds when source is not visible
Shouts to gain attention
Responds to a simple request like “come here”
Shows interest in the sounds of objects
Responds to facial expressions
Imitates familiar gestures
Looks at a picture when it is named
Recognizes family members’ names NOTE: These ranges
Responds to “no” most of the time from 6 to 9 Months
Waves “bye-bye”
Vocalizes during games
Begins to recognize common words
Attempts to imitate sounds
Increase in babbling
Produces repeated syllables (ma ma ma, ba ba ba)
Produces four or more different sounds (ma, da, ba, ga)
 Developmental Milestones
Social Emotional Development
Simple imitative toy play with caregiver
Experiences wide range of emotions
Plays with toys briefly, more independently
Increased interest in self, others, world
Entertains self briefly
Initiates play
Enjoys mirror play
Has increased separation anxiety
Able to predict repeated events
Enjoys the freedom that their new movement brings
Object permanence (i.e. able to find a toy hidden under a
blanket)
Enjoys repeating interesting experiences (shaking a rattle)

NOTE: These ranges from 6 to 9 Months

 Developmental Milestones
Oral Motor and Feeding

Decrease in gag response

Spoon feeding
Opens mouth when food approaches
Begins drinking with a cup, but a lot of
liquid is spilled
Uses jaw movements to “chew” soft foods
Self-feeds finger food
NOTE: These ranges
Holds a spoon from 6 to 9 Months
Developmental
Milestones
--------------
Gross Motor & Fine Motor Skills

8 To 9 Months…...
 Developmental Milestones
Gross Motor Skills
8-9 Months…
Prone
Gets into hands-knee position

Supine
Does not tolerate supine position

Sitting
Move from sitting to prone position
Sit without hand support for longer periods
Pivot in sitting position
 Developmental Milestones
Gross Motor Skills
8-9 Months…
Standing
Stands at furniture
Pulls to stand at furniture
Lowers to sitting position from supported standing

Mobility
Crawl forward
Walk along furniture
Cruising
 Developmental Milestones
Fine Motor Skills
8-9 Months…
Takes objects out of container
Develop active supination
Uses inferior pincer grasp
Extends wrist actively
Pivot with index finger
Pokes with index finger
Release of objects is more refined
Fine pincer grasp developed
Put objects into container
Grasps adaptively
 Developmental
Milestones
--------------
Gross Motor & Fine Motor
Skills
10 To 11 Months…...
 Developmental Milestones
Gross Motor Skills
10-11 Months…

Stands without support

Pulls to stand using half kneel intermediate
position
Pick up objects from flow from standing
with support
Walk with both hands held
Walk with one hand held (Bean Walk)
Creep on hand & feet (Bear Walk)
 Developmental
Milestones
--------------
Gross Motor & Fine Motor
Skills
12th
Month…...
 Developmental Milestones
Sensory
10-12 Months
Explores food with fingers
Eats a variety of textured and flavored
foods using his/her fingers
Enjoys bath time, splashing, playing in the
water
 Developmental Milestones
Speech, Language and Hearing
10-12 Months
Begins to use one or two words spontaneously
Begins to use “mama” or “dada” meaningfully
Begins to use a word to call a person
Vocalizes to change activities or call others
Imitates consonant and vowel combinations
Imitates non-speech sounds
Begins to imitate the name of familiar objects
Vocalizes with intent frequently
Imitates new gestures
Begins to follow simple commands
Verbalizes or vocalizes in response to verbal requests
Identifies two body parts on self by pointing or gesturing
Listens selectively to new words
Vocalizations have rising and falling sounds like adult speech
 Developmental Milestones
Social Emotional Development
10-12 Months
Moves around but will look to caregiver for approval of his/her
actions.
Uses caregiver as a secure base from which to explore (will explore
environment,
but makes sure that parent is still physically present while doing
so.)
Imitative learning; baby copies caregiver’s actions as a way of
learning
Performs for social attention
Begins to anticipate familiar events Note: Some of
Begins to learn the idea of turn taking these appear even
Stranger anxiety in 9th Month
Developmental Milestones
Oral Motor and Feeding
10-12 Months

Begins to drink from sippy cup

Chews food
Drools due to teething
Begins to bite on soft solid foods
Developmental Milestones
Self-help
10-12 Months

Likes to feed self

Drinks from a cup
Helps with dressing and undressing
 Developmental
Milestones
--------------

18th
Month…...
 Gross Motor
• Walks alone with uneven steps and feet wide
apart(15 months)
• Walks upstairs with one hand held, two feet
per steps.
• Pulled and pushes large wheeled toy.
• May run stiffly.
• Throws ball.
 Fine Motor and Vision
• Holds pencil in mid shaft with tripod grasp.
• Build tower of 3 cubes.
• Turns several pages of books at a time
• Sits on a small chair.
 Hearing and speech
• Uses 6-20 recognizable words understands
many more.
• Obey simple instructions, e.g. “get baba’s
shoes” “shut the door”
• Shows his own hair, nose, feet, and eyes.
• Name pictures
 Social behavior
• Feeds self with spoon.
• Takes off shoes and socks.
• Still wets pants
• Plays contentedly alone with floor toys.
• May complain when wet or soiled.
 Developmental
Milestones
--------------

2 years…...
 Gross Motor
• Runs well, starts and stops safely.
• Climbs on furniture, squats to with toys on
floor.
• Walks up and downstairs one hand held, two
feet per step.
• Can jump two feet together from low step(2.5
year)
• Open doors kicks ball on request.
 Fine Motor and Vision
• Pick up pins and threads
• Builds tower of six cubes.
• Turns pages singly.
• Holds pencils and scribbles.
• Makes a bridge with 3 cubes
 Hearing and Speech
• Join 2-3 word to form sentences.
• Refers to self by name.
• Constantly asking names of object and people.
• Uses 50 or more recognizable words
 Social Behaviors
• Lifts and replaces cups safely.
• Usually dry by day.
• Verbalizes toilet needs.
• Imitates mothers domestic activities.
• Little comprehension of common dangers.
• Points to name objects and or pictures.
• Pulls down pants or knickers at toilet but unable to
replace.
• Enjoy pictures, books and stories(2.5 years)
• Handle spoon well.
 Developmental
Milestones
--------------

3 years…...
 Gross Motor
• Walks upstairs with alternating feet,
downstairs with 2 feet per step.
• Can walk on tiptoe.
• Stands momentarily on one foot.
• Rides tricycle by using pedals.
 Fine Motor and Vision
• Builds tower of 9-10 cubes
• Builds several bridges from several models.
• Copies a circle.
 Speech and Hearing
• Gives full name and knows age and sex.
• Knows several nursery rhymes.
• counts up to 10 or more.
• Counts three objects correctly
 Social Behavior
• Washes and dries hands under supervision.
• Can pull pants up and down but unable to
button( dresses with supervision)
• Dries by night( toilet trained)
• Enjoy floor play with dolls, cars, bricks etc
 Developmental
Milestones
--------------

4 years…...
 Gross Motor
• Walks down stairs with alternating feet.
• Stands on one foot 3-5 seconds
• Runs on tiptoe.
• Runs and turns without losing balance.
• Climbs well.
 Fine Motor and Vision
• Builds three steps with six cubes after
demonstration.
• Can copy a cross.
• Copies + in imitation
• Draws a man with head, leg and trunk.
• Uses scissors to cut out pictures.
 Hearing and Speech
• Gives full name and home address.
• Speech grammatically correct and intelligible.
• Counts up to 20 or more.
•
 Social Behavior
• Washes and dries hand.
• Brushes the teeth.
• Can dress and undress except shoes.
• Understands taking turns and as well as sharing.
• Needs companionship of other children( beginning of
social interaction) but quarrels when wishes crossed.
• Know the days of week.
• Self care of toilet i.e. goes toilet alone but may need
help with wiping
• Tells a story
 Developmental
Milestones
--------------

5 years…...
 Gross Motor
• Hops and skips on one foot.
• Walks on a straight line.
• Runs up and down stairs.
• Stands on one foot with folded arms
• Can catch a ball
 Fine Motor and Vision
• Threads large needle and sew real stiches.
• Copies squares and triangle at 5 years
 Hearing and Speech
• Gives full name, age and birthday.
• Loves to listen stories.
• Defines correct nouns by use.
• Name 4 colors.
 Social Behavior
• Washes and dries hands and face; needs help for
the rest.
• Dresses and undresses alone.
• Engages in elaborate make-believe group play.
• Affectionate and helpful to younger siblings.
• Knows right and left hand.
• Goes to school unattended.
• Good motor ability but little awareness of dangers