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DEFINITION
• A computer network is a system of interconnected
computers.
• The computers in a network communicate with one
another and share applications, data, voice, video and
sometimes hardware components.
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CONNECTIONS IN NETWORK
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COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
• Communication is the process of transferring
messages from one point to another.
• Three basic elements of communication system are:
● Sender (source): creates the message to be
transmitted. (your computer)
● Medium: carries the message. (the phone line)
● Receiver (sink): receives the message that was created
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by the sender. (your friend’s computer)
ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION
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DATA TRANSMISSION MODES
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DATA TRANSMISSION MODES
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TWISTED PAIR CABLE
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OPTICAL FIBER
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OPTICAL FIBER
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WIRELESS DATA TRANSFER
• Properties
● Uses the air medium.
● Microwaves are useful for communication among
different places on the earth
● Infrared are used in remote controls and indoor
LANs. They need line of sight.
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TYPES OF COMPUTER NETWORK
• LAN
• MAN
• WAN
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LAN (LOCAL AREA NETWORK)
● Covers a city.
● Technologies used are similar to LAN.
● Can be used to connect different branches of an organization.
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WAN (WIDE AREA NETWORK)
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BUS TOPOLOGY
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BUS TOPOLOGY
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STAR TOPOLOGY
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RING TOPOLOGY
● Nodes are connected in a closed loop.
● Data travels around the ring through the nodes which act
as repeaters.
● A particular node has connection with only 2 other nodes.
● When a node receives data from a node, if it is meant for
that that node, it uses it, otherwise it forwards the data to
the other node.
● Requires n connections
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MESH TOPOLOGY
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MESH TOPOLOGY
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NETWORK PROTOCOLS
● Nodes of a network must obey some rules if they
want to communicate with each other. The set of
rules is called network protocol.
● Example of protocol architecture, TCP/IP.
• TCP – Transmission Control Protocol
• IP – Internet Protocol
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THE INTERNET
• Largest network in the world.
• It is owned by everyone.
• It is the key platform for all kinds of services like
entertainment, business etc.
• It evolved from ARPANET(Advanced Research Projects
Agency Network) – a research network developed by
United States Defense Department in 1969. Initially
created to help academic and government researchers to
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use e-mail and share files.
THE INTERNET
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INTERNET SERVICES
● Popular Internet applications are: e-mail, browsing, news.
● Some protocols supported by the Internet for various
services are:
• HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol) – Web browsing.
• SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) – Sending e-mail.
• POP (Post Office Protocol) – Receiving e-mail.
• FTP (File Transfer Protocol) – Transferring data files.
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INTERNET ADDRESS
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Thank You!!!!!!!!!
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